117th United States Congress

117th U.S. Congress House of Representatives member pin

The 117th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It convened in Washington, D.C., on January 3, 2021, during the final weeks of Donald Trump's first presidency and the first two years of Joe Biden's presidency and ended on January 3, 2023.

The 2020 elections decided control of both chambers. In the House of Representatives, the Democratic Party retained their majority, albeit reduced from the 116th Congress. It was similar in size to the majority held by the Republican Party during the 83rd Congress (1953–1955).

In the Senate, Republicans briefly held the majority at the start; however, on January 20, 2021, three new Democratic senators – Jon Ossoff and Raphael Warnock of Georgia and Alex Padilla of California – were sworn in, resulting in 50 seats held by Republicans, 48 seats held by Democrats, and two held by independents who caucus with the Democrats. Effectively, this created a 50–50 split, which had not occurred since the 107th Congress in 2001. This was only the third time in U.S. history that the Senate had been evenly split, and the longest-lasting one ever.

The new senators were sworn into office by Vice President Kamala Harris, just hours after her inauguration. With Harris serving as the tie breaker in her constitutional role as President of the Senate, Democrats gained control of the Senate, and thereby full control of Congress for the first time since the 111th Congress ended in 2011. Additionally, with the inauguration of Joe Biden as president that same day, Democrats assumed control of the executive branch as well, attaining an overall federal government trifecta, also for the first time since the 111th Congress.

Despite Democrats holding thin majorities in both chambers during a period of intense political polarization, the 117th Congress oversaw the passage of numerous significant bills, including the Inflation Reduction Act, American Rescue Plan Act, Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, Postal Service Reform Act, Bipartisan Safer Communities Act, CHIPS and Science Act, Honoring Our PACT Act, Electoral Count Reform and Presidential Transition Improvement Act, and Respect for Marriage Act.

Major events

January 6 United States Capitol attack (January 6, 2021)
Joe Biden takes the oath of office as the 46th president of the United States
President Biden during his 2021 speech to a joint session of Congress, with Vice President Kamala Harris and House Speaker Nancy Pelosi
President Biden during the 2022 State of the Union Address
Justice Ketanji Brown Jackson shortly after she was confirmed by the United States Senate, joined by President Biden and Vice President Harris.

Major legislation

Enacted

President Biden signed the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 into law, March 11, 2021
President Biden signed the Juneteenth National Independence Day Act into law, June 17, 2021
President Biden signed the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act into law, November 15, 2021
President Biden signed the Emmett Till Antilynching Act into law, March 29, 2022
President Biden signed the Ukraine Democracy Defense Lend-Lease Act of 2022 into law, May 9, 2022
President Biden signed the Bipartisan Safer Communities Act into law, June 25, 2022
President Biden signed the CHIPS and Science Act into law, August 9, 2022
President Biden signed the Honoring Our PACT Act into law, August 10, 2022
President Biden signed the Inflation Reduction Act into law, August 16, 2022
President Biden signed the Respect for Marriage Act into law, December 13, 2022
President Biden signed the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2023 into law, December 29, 2022

Proposed (but not enacted)

House bills
Senate bills

Major resolutions

Adopted

  • H.Res. 21: Calling on Vice President Michael R. Pence to convene and mobilize the principal officers of the executive departments of the Cabinet to activate section 4 of the 25th Amendment to declare President Donald J. Trump incapable of executing the duties of his office and to immediately exercise powers as acting president.
  • H.Res. 24 (Second impeachment of Donald Trump): Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors.
  • S.Res. 5: A resolution honoring the memory of Officer Brian David Sicknick of the United States Capitol Police for his selfless acts of heroism on the grounds of the United States Capitol on January 6, 2021.
  • H.Res. 72 (Removal of Representative Marjorie Taylor Greene from committee assignments): Removing a certain Member from certain standing committees of the House of Representatives
  • H.Res. 134: Condemning the 2021 Myanmar coup d'état.
  • H.Res. 730: Recommending that the House of Representatives find Stephen K. Bannon in contempt of Congress for refusal to comply with a subpoena duly issued by the Select Committee to Investigate the January 6th Attack on the United States Capitol..
  • H.Res. 789: Censuring Representative Paul Gosar.
  • H.J.Res. 100: To provide for a resolution with respect to the unresolved disputes between certain railroads represented by the National Carriers' Conference Committee of the National Railway Labor Conference and certain of their employees.

Proposed

  • H.Res. 14: Censuring and condemning President Donald J. Trump for attempting to overturn the results of the November 2020 presidential election in the State of Georgia.
  • H.J.Res. 17: Removing the deadline for the ratification of the equal rights amendment.
  • H.Res. 25: Directing the Committee on Ethics to investigate, and issue a report on, whether any and all actions taken by Members of the 117th Congress who sought to overturn the 2020 Presidential election violated their oath of office to uphold the Constitution or the Rules of the House of Representatives, and should face sanction, including expulsion from the House of Representatives.
  • H.Res. 332: Recognizing the duty of the Federal Government to create a Green New Deal.

Party summary

Resignations and new members are discussed in the "Changes in membership" section below.

Senate

House of Representatives

Leadership

Note: Democrats refer to themselves as a "caucus"; Republicans refer to themselves as a "conference".

Senate leadership

Senate President
VP Mike Pence
Mike Pence (R),
until January 20, 2021
VP Kamala Harris
Kamala Harris (D),
from January 20, 2021
Senate President pro tempore
Chuck Grassley
Chuck Grassley (R),
until January 20, 2021
Patrick Leahy
Patrick Leahy (D),
from January 20, 2021

Presiding

Democratic leadership

(minority until January 20, 2021, majority thereafter)

Republican leadership

(majority until January 20, 2021, minority thereafter)

House leadership

House Speaker

Presiding

Majority (Democratic) leadership

Minority (Republican) leadership

Demographics

There are 57 African American members of the US House (blue), 47 Hispanics and Latinos (red), 5 Native Americans (yellow), 18 Asian Americans (green), and 314 Whites/European American (gray). 117th Congress (2021–2023).
There are 3 African American members of the US Senate (blue), 7 Hispanics or Latinos (red), 0 Native Americans, 2 Asian Americans (green), and 88 European Americans (gray). 117th Congress (2021–2023).

Members

Senate members

The numbers refer to their Senate classes. All class 1 senators are in the middle of their term (2019–2025), having been elected in 2018 and facing re-election in 2024. Class 2 senators are at the beginning of their term (2021–2027), having been elected in 2020 and facing re-election in 2026. Class 3 senators are at the end of their term (2017–2023), having been elected in 2016 and facing re-election in 2022.

House members

All 435 seats for voting members, along with the six non-voting delegates were filled by election in November 2020.

Changes in membership

Committees

Section contents: Senate, House, Joint

Senate committees

Prior to the passing of an organizing resolution on February 3, 2021, chairs of Senate committees remained the same as in the 116th Congress. Where the chair had retired (as in the Agriculture, Budget, and HELP committees), the chair was vacant.

House committees

Joint committees

Officers and officials

Senate officers and officials

House officers and officials

See also

Notes

References

Uses material from the Wikipedia article 117th United States Congress, released under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license.