List of national animals

National animals are important symbols that represent a country's cultural identity, heritage, and natural environment. National animals are typically chosen for qualities, such as strength, courage, or resilience, and they reflect the values or historical, mythological and cultural significance of a nation. Recognition of a national animal is typically formalized through legislation or an official document by which the community or collectivity operates.

The use of national animals goes back to ancient totemism. According to Émile Durkheim, totemism involves the veneration of a totemic animal as sacred, which also serves to organize social structures within the clan. Members of the clan are believed to embody the attributes of their totemic animal. Animals are typically chosen over plants or rocks because of the natural relationship between humans and animals, especially in economic life. Some of these dynamics persist in the concept of national animals.

National animals can be determined through both bottom-up and top-down approaches, that is, can be created, imported, or inherited. The characteristics of the national animal are altered to portray the self-perception of the nation. They symbolize and uphold the ideal shared values of the country's population. The country's other national symbols, such as the coat of arms and currency, usually bear the national animal.

National animals

Country Name of animal Scientific name Picture Ref.
 AfghanistanSnow leopard (national animal)Panthera uncia
Abyssinian cat (national cat)(a breed of)
Felis catus
 Albania Golden eagle (national bird) Aquila chrysaetos
 AlgeriaFennec fox (national animal)Vulpes zerda
 AngolaRed-crested turaco (national bird)Tauraco erythrolophus
Giant sable antelope (national animal)Hippotragus niger variani
 Antigua and BarbudaEuropean fallow deer (national animal)Dama dama
Frigate (national bird)Fregata magnificens
Hawksbill turtle (national sea creature)Eretmochelys imbricata
 Argentina Rufous hornero (national bird) Furnarius rufus
 ArmeniaGolden eagle (national bird)Aquila chrysaetos
 AustraliaRed kangaroo (national animal) Macropus rufus
Emu (national bird)Dromaius novaehollandiae
 AustriaAustrian Bundesadler (heraldic "Federal Eagle")Mythical
 Azerbaijan Karabakh horse (national horse) Equus caballus
 BahamasBlue marlin (national fish)Makaira nigricans
Flamingo (national bird)Phoenicopterus ruber
 BangladeshBengal tiger (national animal)Panthera tigris tigris
Magpie robin (national bird)Copsychus saularis
Ilish (national fish)Tenualosa ilisha
 BelarusEuropean bisonBison bonasus
 BelgiumLeo Belgicus (heraldic "Belgic lion")Mythical
 BelizeBaird's tapir (national animal)Tapirus bairdii
Keel-billed toucan (national bird)Ramphastos sulfuratus
 BhutanDruk (national mythical creature)Mythical
Takin (national animal)Budorcas taxicolor
 BotswanaPlains zebra (national animal)Equus quagga
 BrazilJaguar (national animal)Panthera onca
Rufous-bellied thrush (national bird)Turdus rufiventris
 BulgariaLion (in Bulgarian heraldry)Panthera leo
 CambodiaKouprey (national mammal)Bos sauveli
Giant ibis (national bird)Pseudibis gigantea
Northern river terrapin (national reptile)Batagur baska
Giant barb (national fish)Catlocarpio siamensis
 CanadaNorth American beaver (national animal)Castor canadensis
Canadian horse (national horse)Equus ferus caballus
 ChileSouth Andean deer (national animal)Hippocamelus bisulcus
 ChinaChinese dragon (national mythical creature)Mythical
Giant panda (national animal)Ailuropoda melanoleuca
Red-crowned crane (national bird)Grus japonensis
 Democratic Republic of the CongoOkapi (national animal)Okapia johnstoni
 ColombiaAndean condor (national bird)Vultur gryphus
 Costa RicaYigüirro (national bird)Turdus grayi
White-tailed deer (national animal)Odocoileus virginianus
West Indian manatee (national aquatic animal)Trichechus manatus
Two-toed sloth (national animal)Choloepus hoffmanni
Three-toed sloth (national animal)Bradypus variegatus
 CroatiaPine marten (national animal)Martes martes
 CubaCuban trogon (national bird)Priotelus temnurus
 CyprusCypriot mouflon (national animal)Ovis orientalis
 Czech RepublicDouble-tailed lionMythical
 DenmarkRed squirrel (national mammal)Sciurus vulgaris
Mute swan (national bird)Cygnus olor
Small tortoiseshell (national butterfly)Aglais urticae
 DominicaSisserou parrot (national bird)Amazona imperalis
 EgyptSteppe eagle (national bird)Aquila nipalensis
 EritreaArabian camel (national animal)Camelus dromedarius
 EthiopiaLion (national animal)Panthera leo
EstoniaWolf (national animal)Canis lupus
Loup_gris_(Canis_lupus_)
Loup_gris_(Canis_lupus_)
Barn swallow (national bird)Hirundo rustica
Barn_swallow_in_Montezuma_(150)
Barn_swallow_in_Montezuma_(150)
Baltic herring (national fish)Clupea harengus membras
Silakka
Silakka
Swallowtail (national butterfly)Papilio machaon
Papilio_machaon_Mitterbach_01
Papilio_machaon_Mitterbach_01
 FinlandBrown bear (national animal)Ursus arctos
Whooper swan (national bird)Cygnus cygnus
European perch (national fish)Perca fluviatilis
Seven-spot ladybird (national insect)Coccinella septempunctata
 France Gallic rooster (national bird) Gallus gallus domesticus
 GabonBlack panther (national animal)Panthera pardus
 GambiaSpotted hyena (national animal)Crocuta crocuta
 GermanyBundesadler (heraldic "Federal Eagle")Mythical
 GreecePhoenix (national bird)Mythical
Dolphin (national animal)Delphinidae
 GrenadaGrenada dove (national bird)Leptotila wellsi
 GuatemalaResplendent quetzal (national bird)Pharomachrus mocinno
 GuyanaJaguar (national animal)Panthera onca
 HaitiHispaniolan trogon (national bird)Priotelus roseigaster
 HondurasWhite-tailed deer (national animal)Odocoileus virginianus
Scarlet macaw (national bird)Ara macao
 HungaryTurul (national mythical creature)Mythical (most probably Falco cherrug)
 Iceland Gyrfalcon (national bird)Falco rusticolus
 IndiaBengal tiger (national animal)Panthera tigris tigris
Indian peafowl (national bird)Pavo cristatus
Ganges river dolphin (national aquatic animal)Platanista gangetica
Indian elephant (national heritage animal)Elephas maximus indicus
 IndonesiaKomodo dragon (national animal)Varanus komodoensis
Javan hawk-eagle (national bird)Nisaetus bartelsi
Asian arowana (national fish)Scleropages formosus
 Iran Asiatic lion (national animal) Panthera leo persica
Persian Leopard (national animal) Panthera pardus saxicolor
 Iraq Chukar partridge (National bird) Alectoris chukar
Goat
(National animal, KRG)		 Capra aegagrus
 Ireland Irish hareLepus timidus hibernicus
 IsraelLion of Judah (heraldic symbol)Panthera leo
Eurasian hoopoe (national bird)Upupa epops
Palestine viper (national snake) Daboia palaestinae
Canaan Dog (national dog breed) Canis familiaris
Common black scorpion (national scorpion) Nebo hierichonticus
Mountain gazelle (national animal) Gazella gazella
 Italy Italian wolf (national animal) Canis lupus italicus
 JamaicaRed-billed streamertail (national bird)Trochilus polytmus
 JapanGreen pheasant (national bird)Phasianus versicolor
Koi (national fish)Cyprinus carpio
 KenyaLion (national animal)Panthera leo
 LaosAsian elephant (national animal)Elephas maximus
 LatviaWhite wagtail (national bird)Motacilla alba
Two-spotted ladybug (national insect)Adalia bipunctata
 LebanonStriped hyena (national animal)Hyaena hyaena
 LithuaniaWhite stork (national bird)Ciconia ciconia
 MadagascarZebu (in Malagasy heraldry)Bos primigenius indicus
Ring-tailed lemur (national animal)Lemur catta
 MalaysiaMalayan tiger (national animal) Panthera tigris
 Malta Pharaoh Hound (national dog breed) Canis lupus familiaris
 MauritiusDodo (national bird and animal)Raphus cucullatus
 MexicoGolden eagle (national bird and animal)Aquila chrysaetos
Xoloitzcuintli (national dog breed)(a breed of)
Canis lupus familiaris
Jaguar (national mammal)Panthera onca
Grasshopper (national arthropod )Sphenarium purpurascens
Vaquita (national marine mammal)Phocoena sinus
 MoldovaAurochs (national animal)Bos primigenius
 MonacoEuropean hedgehog (national animal)Erinaceus europaeus
European rabbit (national animal)Oryctolagus cuniculus
Wood mouse (national animal)Apodemus sylvaticus
 MongoliaPrzewalski's horse (national animal)Equus ferus przewalskii
Saker falcon (national bird)Falco cherrug
Gobi bear (national pride animal) Ursus arctos gobiensis
 MoroccoBarbary lion (national animal)Panthera leo leo
  Nepal Cow (national animal) Bos indicus
Himalayan monal (national bird) Lophophorus impejanus
 NetherlandsLion (heraldic symbol)Panthera leo
Black-tailed godwit (national bird)Limosa limosa
 New ZealandKiwi (national bird)Apteryx sp.
 NicaraguaTurquoise-browed motmot (national bird)Eumomota superciliosa
 Nigeria Eagle
 Accipitridae
Black crowned crane (national bird) Balearica pavonina
 North KoreaQianlima (national animal)Mythical
Siberian tiger (national animal)Panthera tigris altaica
Pungsan dog (national dog)Canis familiaris
Korean magpie (national bird)Pica serica
 NorwayEurasian elk/moose (national animal)Alces alces
Lion (royal national animal)Panthera leo
White-throated dipper (national bird)Cinclus cinclus
Fjord horse (national horse)Equus ferus caballus
 PakistanMarkhor (national animal)Capra falconeri
Indus river dolphin (national aquatic mammal)Platanista minor
Chukar (national bird)Alectoris chukar
Mugger crocodile (national reptile)Crocodylus palustris
Shaheen falcon (heritage bird)Falco peregrinus peregrinator
Snow leopard (national predator)Panthera uncia
 PanamaHarpy eagle (national bird)Harpia harpyja
Panamanian golden frog (national animal) Atelopus zeteki
 Papua New GuineaDugong (national marine mammal)Dugong dugon
 PeruVicuña (national animal)Vicugna vicugna
Andean cock-of-the-rock (national bird)Rupicola peruviana
 Philippines Carabao (national animal) Bubalus bubalis
Philippine eagle (national bird)Pithecophaga jefferyi
 PolandWhite-tailed eagle (national bird)Haliaeetus albicilla
White stork (national bird)Ciconia ciconia
European bison (national animal)Bison bonasus
 PortugalDragon (traditional coat of arms / national animal)Mythical
Cock of Barcelos (national bird)Mythicalsans cadre
Iberian Wolf (national animal)Canis lupus signatus
 QatarArabian oryx (national animal)Oryx leucoryx
 RomaniaEurasian LynxLynx lynx
 RussiaBrown bear (national animal)Ursus arctos
Double-headed eagle (traditional coat of arms)Mythical
 RwandaLeopardPanthera pardus
 Saint Kitts and NevisBrown pelican (national bird)Pelecanus occidentalis
 Saint LuciaSaint Lucia amazon (national bird)Amazona versicolor
 Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesSaint Vincent amazon (national bird)Amazona guildingii
 Saudi ArabiaArabian camel (national animal)Camelus dromedarius
 SerbiaWolf (national animal)Canis lupus lupus
White eagle (traditional coat of arms)Mythical
 Sierra LeoneChimpanzee (national animal)Pan troglodytes
 SingaporeLion (national animal)Panthera leo
 SomaliaLeopard (national animal)Panthera pardus
 South AfricaSpringbok (national animal)Antidorcas marsupialis
Blue crane (national bird)Anthropoides paradiseus
Galjoen (national fish)Dichistius capensis
 South KoreaSiberian tiger (national animal)Panthera tigris altaica
Korean magpie (national bird)Pica serica
 South SudanAfrican fish eagle (national bird)Haliaeetus vocifer
 SpainBull (national animal)Bos taurus
 Sri LankaGrizzled giant squirrel (national animal)Ratufa macroura
Sri Lankan junglefowl (national bird)Gallus lafayettii
 SudanSecretarybird (national bird)Sagittarius serpentarius
 SwedenEurasian elk/moose (national animal)Alces alces
Eurasian blackbird (national bird)Turdus merula
 SwitzerlandCow (national animal)Bos taurus
 TaiwanFormosan black bear (national animal)Ursus thibetanus formosanus
 TanzaniaGiraffe (national animal)Giraffa sp.
 Thailand Asian elephant (national animal)Elephas maximus
Siamese fighting fish (national aquatic animal)Betta splendens
 TogoLionPanthera leo
 Turkey Gray wolf (national animal) Canis lupus
Kangal Shepherd Dog (national dog) Canis lupus familiaris
Turkish Angora (national cat) Felis catus
 UgandaGrey crowned crane (national bird)Balearica regulorum
Ugandan kob (national animal)Kobus kob thomasi
 United Arab EmiratesSaker falcon (national bird)Falco cherrug
Arabian oryx (national animal)Oryx leucoryx
 United Kingdom Bulldog (Britain as "British Bulldog")Canis lupus familiaris
Lion (England)Panthera leo
Red kite (Wales)Milvus milvus
Unicorn (Scotland)Mythical
Y Ddraig Goch (The Red Dragon of Wales)Mythical
 United StatesBald eagle (national bird)Haliaeetus leucocephalus
American bison (national mammal)Bison bison
 VenezuelaVenezuelan troupial (national bird)Icterus icterus
 VietnamWater buffalo (national animal)Bubalus bubalis
 ZimbabweSable antelope (national animal)Hippotragus niger
African fish eagle (national bird)Haliaeetus vocifer

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ commonly known as the Latin name

References

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