Gahašan Hashū

Gahašan Hashū (Manchu: ᡤᠠᡥᠠᡧᠠᠨ
ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ, romanized: Gahašan Hashū; d. 1584) was a chieftain of the Irgen Gioro clan in Giyamuhu fortress. He was a brother-in-law and one of the very first supporters of Nurhaci.

Biography

Gahašan Hashū's father Mutungga was the chieftain of Giyamuhu. His mother, a member of Niohuru clan, was the aunt of Eidu. Gahašan Hashū later succeeded his father's chieftain position.

In 1583, Nomina, the Chieftains of Sarhū, persuaded fellow chieftains Gahašan Hashū, and Cangsu-Yangsu brothers of Gorolo clan in Jan Bira to form an alliance with Nurhaci due to the disappointment with Nikan Wailan, Ming Dynasty-sponsored chieftain of Tulun. In order to obtain adequate military power to revenge the death of Nurhaci's father and grandfather caused by Nikan Wailan, Nurhaci agreed and conducted a formal ceremony to confirm the alliance. However, lured by Nikan Wailan, Nomina planned to betray the alliance not long after. Cangsu brothers and Gahašan Hashū then proposed to Nurhaci the plan to eliminate Nomina before he could possibly take any betrayal actions.

At the end of 1583, Nurhaci married his two sisters respectively to Yangsu and Gahašan Hashū as a process of strengthening their alliance. Meanwhile, fearing Nurhaci's revenge campaign could harm the safety of the entire Aisin Gioro clan, Nurhaci's clansman and distant uncle Longdun (龍敦) and Nurhaci's stepmother's brother Samujan (薩木佔) are planning to assassinate Nurhaci. In the first month of 1584, pretending to show willingness of negotiation, they invited Gahašan Hashū to a tribal meeting and killed him through ambush on the way to the meeting location to test the water before executing the assassination plan.

After Gahašan Hashū's death, Nurhaci launched a revenge campaign on Samujan and eventually annexed his tribe. Gahašan Hashū's son, Nacibu, was granted a title of tuwašara hafan and assigned to the Boarded White Banner after the creation of the Eight Banners socio-military system.. Gahašan Hashū's cousin Eidu later became the Founding Five Grand Ministers (開國五大臣) of the Manchu Khanate.

Citation

  1. ↑ Stary, Giovanni (2000). A Dictionary of Manchu Names: A Name-Index to the Manchu Version of the 'Complete Genealogies of the Manchu Clans and Families of the Eight Banners. Harrassowitz. p. 144. ISBN 9783447042178. Gahašan Hashū (Giyamuhu ba-i Irgen Gioro)
  2. 1 2 Gao, Qingren (2008). 努爾哈赤編年史傳記 [Biography of Nurhaci by Years] (in Simplified Chinese). Dalian Publishing House. p. 306. ISBN 9787806846490.
  3. ↑ Draft History of Qing Volume 227：「蘇克蘇滸河部薩爾滸城長諾米納有兄曰瓜喇，忤尼堪外蘭，尼堪外蘭譖於明，見詰治。諾米納與常書、揚書及同部嘉木湖寨長噶哈善哈思虎相為謀曰：「與其倚此等人，何如附愛新覺羅寧古塔貝勒乎？」遂相率歸太祖。太祖椎牛祭天，將與盟，常書等言於太祖曰：「我等率先來歸，幸愛如手足，毋以編氓遇我！」乃盟。既而諾米納貳於尼堪外蘭，常書等請於太祖誘而殺之。」
  4. ↑ Draft History of Qing Volume 227：「太祖以同母女弟妻揚書、噶哈善哈思虎，是歲癸未。明年正月，太祖從叔龍敦，構太祖異母弟薩木佔，邀噶哈善哈思虎殺諸途。」
  5. ↑ Draft History of Qing Volume 227：「太祖聞，大怒，欲收其骨；族昆弟皆與龍敦謀，不肯往。太祖率近侍數人行，太祖族叔棱敦尼之曰：「同族皆仇汝，否則汝女弟之夫何至見殺？宜勿往。」太祖勿聽，環甲躍馬，登城南橫巘，引弓疾馳。向城大呼曰：「有害我者速出！」聞者憚太祖英武，不敢出，遂收其骨以歸，移置室中，解所禦冠履衣服以斂，厚葬之。遂帥師討薩木佔及其黨訥申、萬濟漢等，為噶哈善哈思虎復仇。」
  6. ↑ Hongzhou (2002). Complete Genealogies of the Manchu Clans and Families of the Eight Banners. Liaohai Publishing. p. 186. ISBN 9787806691892.