July 1981 lunar eclipse

A partial lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s descending node of orbit on Friday, July 17, 1981, with an umbral magnitude of 0.5486. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A partial lunar eclipse occurs when one part of the Moon is in the Earth's umbra, while the other part is in the Earth's penumbra. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. Occurring about 5.4 days after apogee (on July 11, 1981, at 18:35 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.

The eclipse was completely visible over central and eastern North America, South America, and Antarctica, seen rising over western North America and the central Pacific Ocean and setting over much of Europe, Africa, and the Middle East.

Shown below is a table displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. It describes various parameters pertaining to this eclipse.

This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.

• A penumbral lunar eclipse on January 20.
• An annular solar eclipse on February 4.
• A partial lunar eclipse on July 17.
• A total solar eclipse on July 31.

• Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of September 27, 1977
• Followed by: Lunar eclipse of May 4, 1985

• Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of June 4, 1974
• Followed by: Lunar eclipse of August 27, 1988

• Preceded by: Solar eclipse of July 10, 1972
• Followed by: Solar eclipse of July 22, 1990

• Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of August 17, 1970
• Followed by: Lunar eclipse of June 15, 1992

• Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of July 6, 1963
• Followed by: Lunar eclipse of July 28, 1999

• Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of August 5, 1952
• Followed by: Lunar eclipse of June 26, 2010

• Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of September 15, 1894
• Followed by: Lunar eclipse of May 17, 2068

This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of lunar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.

The penumbral lunar eclipses on March 1, 1980 and August 26, 1980 occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set, and the penumbral lunar eclipses on May 15, 1984 and November 8, 1984 occur in the next lunar year eclipse set.

This eclipse is a part of Saros series 119, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 82 events. The series started with a penumbral lunar eclipse on October 14, 935 AD. It contains partial eclipses from May 18, 1296 through August 2, 1422; total eclipses from August 13, 1440 through June 15, 1927; and a second set of partial eclipses from June 25, 1945 through August 19, 2035. The series ends at member 82 as a penumbral eclipse on March 25, 2396.

The longest duration of totality was produced by member 49 at 102 minutes, 6 seconds on March 30, 1801. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s descending node of orbit.

Eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.

This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

A lunar eclipse will be preceded and followed by solar eclipses by 9 years and 5.5 days (a half saros). This lunar eclipse is related to two total solar eclipses of Solar Saros 126.

• List of lunar eclipses
• List of 20th-century lunar eclipses

• 1981 Jul 17 chart Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, NASA/GSFC