Cupul

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Kuchkabal Cupul
1441–1543
Kuchkabals of Yucatan after 1461.
Capital	Saki
Common languages	Official language: Yucatec
Religion	Maya religion
Government	Monarchy
Halach Uinik
Historical era	post classic / Early Modern
• Established	1441
• Disestablished	1543
Preceded by Succeeded by League of Mayapan New Spain

Cupul or Kupul (Maya: Kupul, 'toponym; adjective') was the name of a Maya chiefdom at time of the Spanish conquest of Yucatán. Cupul was one of the most extensive and densely populated Maya provinces on the Yucatán Peninsula. It was formed in the mid-fifteenth century after the fall of Mayapan and reached its maximum power during the sixteenth century, at the time of their own Spanish conquest led by the adelantado Francisco de Montejo.

Etymology

According to the Encyclopedia Yucatán in time, the name comes from the Maya word ku-pul, meaning that throws the bouncing, referring to the Maya ballplayers that existed in the region.

Ralph Roys instead says that Cupul was named for a lineage, and its name referred to a type of vine called cup in Maya (Calopogonium caeruleum).

Organization

Unlike other kuchkabals, Cupul did not have a halach uinik. Like other kuchkabals, it was divided into several municipalities called "Batalib" which in turn were governed by officials called Batab. The batalib were Panaba, Tsonot, Temozón, Cucumul, Tixcacalcupul, and Uayumhá. It was common for the batalib of Cupul to go to war with one another, sometimes even if they were ruled by the same family. Some batalib went to war with Ah Kin Chel and Chikinchel, but Cupul's relations with Sotuta and Cochuah generally seem to have been more peaceful. The eponymous Cupul lineage was prominent and ruled or were influential in many towns of the province. Other numerous lineages included the Cauich, May, Canul, Noh and Ppol.

On the religious side, after the Halach Uinik was the Ah Kin May and the regular priests Ah Kin (meaning coming from the Sun). There also was a sacrificial priest called "Ah Nacom".

History

References

• Barrera Vásquez, Alfredo, et al. (1980), Cordemex, ed., Maya Dictionary - Spanish - Maya, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico., P. 354, "Kupul: Yucatan province more densely populated and one of the most extensive during the Spanish conquest»
• Casares Canton, Raul; Duch Colell, Juan; Antochiw Kolpa, Michel; Fenced Zavala, Silvio; et al. (1998). Yucatán en el tiempo [Yucatán in time]. Mérida, Yucatán. pp. 362 (Vol. 2). ISBN 970-9071-04-1.