2020: In the June 2020 Republican primary, Carmichael lost his bid for re-nomination to Amy Nichole Grady, an elementary school teacher who challenged Carmichael amid a state political battle over teacher pay. Grady won 39% of the vote to Carmichael's 35%.
2016: In the May 2016 Republican primary, Majority Leader Carmichael faced criticism from pro-union and pro-family groups based on a variety of votes and legislation. He was challenged by Dustin Lewis, a union pipeline worker, who he beat 59.5% to 40.5%. Carmichael then faced personal injury attorney Brian Prim in the general election, who he beat by a narrow 51% to 49% to a win a second term in the senate.
West Virginia Senate District 4 General election, 2016
2012: When District 4 Senator Karen Facemyer retired and left a district seat open, Carmichael was unopposed in the May 8, 2012 Republican Primary, winning with 8,432 votes. He then won the November 6, 2012 General election with 20,951 votes (52.69%) against Democratic nominee Jackson County, West Virginia Sheriff Mike Bright.
West Virginia Senate District 4 General election, 2012
2011: When incumbent Democratic Governor Joe Manchin left his position for the United States Senate, Carmichael ran in the eight-way May 14, 2011 Republican Primary, but lost to Bill Maloney; Maloney lost the October 4, 2011 special election to state Senator Earl Ray Tomblin.
2011 West Virginia Gubernatorial Special Election Republican primary
2010: Carmichael and returning 2008 Democratic challenger Jo Boggess Phillips were both unopposed for their May 11, 2010 primaries, setting up a rematch; Carmichael won the November 2, 2010 General election with 3,383 votes (50.9%) against Phillips in his closest election to date.
2008: Carmichael was unopposed for the 2008 Republican Primary, and won the November 4, 2008 General election with 4,454 votes (53.1%) against Democratic nominee Jo Boggess Phillips.
2006: Carmichael was challenged in the 2006 Republican Primary but won. He then won the November 7, 2006 General election with 4,063 votes (62.5%) against Democratic nominee Steve Nicholas.
2004: Carmichael was unopposed for the 2004 Republican Primary, and won the November 2, 2004 General election with 5,944 votes (67.5%) against Democratic nominee Corbon Siders.
2002: Carmichael was unopposed for the 2002 Republican Primary, and won the November 5, 2002 General election with 3,969 votes (65.8%) against Democratic nominee Carroll Jett, who had run for the seat in 1998.
2000: When House District 12 Republican Delegate Karen Facemyer ran for the West Virginia Senate and left the seat open, Carmichael won the three-way 2000 Republican Primary with 1,016 votes (41.7%). He then won the November 7, 2000 General election with 4,584 votes (59.3%) against Democratic nominee Mike Dunlap.