Oroqen language

Oroqen (/ˈɒrətʃɛn, ˈɒroʊ-/ ORR-ə-chen, ORR-oh-; Oroqen Urkun; ɔrɔtʃeen ulguur), also known as Orochon, Oronchon, Olunchun, Elunchun or Ulunchun, is a Northern Tungusic language spoken in the People's Republic of China. Dialects are Gankui and Heilongjiang. Gankui is the standard dialect. It is spoken by the Oroqen people of Inner Mongolia (predominantly the Oroqin Autonomous Banner) and Heilongjiang in Northeast China.

Since the 1980s, Oroqen-language materials were produced by teachers in Oroqen-speaking areas. They based the language's orthography either on IPA or Pinyin. A majority of Oroqen speakers use Chinese as a literary language and some also speak Daur.

Oroqen is spoken in the following counties of China:

• Heilongjiang province
  • Da Hinggan Ling: Huma County and Tahe County
  • Heihe: Xunke County
  • Yichun: Jiayin County and Heihe City
• Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
  • Hulunbuir: Oroqen Autonomous Banner

• Allophones of /x/ are heard as [ɣ], [h].
• A bilabial /ɸ/ can also be heard as a labio-dental [f].
• A rhotic trill /r/ tends to sound as a tap [ɾ], when occurring word-finally.

• /ə, əː/ are often heard as lower sounds [ɐ, ɐː].
• Short allophones of /o, u/ are heard as [ɵ, ʉ].

Listed below are some Oroqen sentences.^{[failed verification]} They are transcribed in Oroqen Phonetic Alphabet.

• Oroqen Vocabulary List (from the World Loanword Database)
• Oroqen Swadesh vocabulary list of basic words (from Wiktionary's Swadesh list appendix)
• Oroqen alphabet from Omniglot