Pedagogical pattern
A pedagogical pattern is the re-usable form of a solution to a problem or task in pedagogy, analogous to how a design pattern is the re-usable form of a solution to a design problem. Pedagogical patterns are used to document and share best practices of teaching. A network of interrelated pedagogical patterns is an example of a pattern language.
Overview
In a 2001 paper for SIGCSE, Joseph Bergin wrote:
Example structure of a pattern
Mitchell Weisburgh proposed nine aspects to documenting a pedagogical pattern for a certain skill. Not every pattern needs to include all nine. His listing is reproduced below:
- Name – single word or short phrase that refers to the pattern. This allows for rapid association and retrieval.
- Problem – definition of a problem, including its intent or a desired outcome, and symptoms that would indicate that this problem exists.
- Context – preconditions which must exist in order for that problem to occur; this is often a situation. When forces conflict, the resolutions of those conflicts is often implied by the context.
- Forces – description of forces or constraints and how they interact. Some of the forces may be contradictory. For example: being thorough often conflicts with time or money constraints.
- Solution – instructions, possibly including variants. The solution may include pictures, diagrams, prose, or other media.
- Examples – sample applications and solutions, analogies, visual examples, and known uses can be especially helpful, help user understand the context
- Resulting Context – result after the pattern has been applied, including postconditions and side effects. It might also include new problems that might result from solving the original problem.
- Rationale – the thought processes that would go into selecting this pattern, The rationale includes an explanation of why this pattern works, how forces and constraints are resolved to construct a desired outcome.
- Related Patterns – differences and relationships with other patterns, possibly predecessor, antecedents, or alternatives that solve similar problems.[example needed]
See also
Notes
References
- Bennedsen, Jens (June 2006). "The dissemination of pedagogical patterns". Computer Science Education. 16 (2): 119–136. doi:10.1080/08993400600733590. S2CID 12582991.
- Bennedsen, Jens; Eriksen, Ole (June 2006). "Categorizing pedagogical patterns by teaching activities and pedagogical values". Computer Science Education. 16 (2): 157–172. doi:10.1080/08993400600768091. S2CID 205613486.
- Conole, Gráinne (2013). "Pedagogical patterns". Designing for learning in an open world. Explorations in the learning sciences, instructional systems and performance technologies. Vol. 4. New York: Springer-Verlag. pp. 40–43. doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-8517-0_3. ISBN 9781441985163. OCLC 731915958.
- Derntl, Michael; Botturi, Luca (June 2006). "Essential use cases for pedagogical patterns". Computer Science Education. 16 (2): 137–156. doi:10.1080/08993400600768182. S2CID 37426541.
- Fincher, Sally (September 1999). "Analysis of design: an exploration of patterns and pattern languages for pedagogy". Journal of Computers in Mathematics and Science Teaching. 18 (3): 331–348.
- Goodyear, Peter (March 2005). "Educational design and networked learning: patterns, pattern languages and design practice". Australasian Journal of Educational Technology. 21 (1): 82–101. doi:10.14742/ajet.1344.
- Haberman, Bruria (June 2006). "Pedagogical patterns: a means for communication within the CS teaching community of practice". Computer Science Education. 16 (2): 87–103. doi:10.1080/08993400600786994. S2CID 23011626.
- Hubscher, Roland; Frizell, Sherri (2002). "Aligning theory and web-based instructional design practice with design patterns". In Driscoll, Margaret; Reeves, Thomas C. (eds.). E-Learn 2002: world conference on e-learning in corporate, government, healthcare & higher education. Chesapeake, VA: Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education (AACE). pp. 298–304. ISBN 9781880094464. OCLC 61510840.
- Jones, David; Stewart, Sharonn; Power, Leonie (1999). "Patterns: using proven experience to develop online learning" (PDF). In Winn, Jenny (ed.). ASCILITE'99: responding to diversity: proceedings from the 16th annual conference of the Australasian Society for Computers in Learning in Tertiary Education (ASCILITE), December 5–8, 1999. Brisbane: Teaching and Learning Support Services, Queensland University of Technology. pp. 155–162. OCLC 223117208.
- Laurillard, Diana (2012). Teaching as a design science: building pedagogical patterns for learning and technology. New York: Routledge. doi:10.4324/9780203125083. ISBN 9780415803854. OCLC 754518543.
- Mor, Yishay; Mellar, Harvey; Warburton, Steven; Winters, Niall (2014). Practical design patterns for teaching and learning with technology. Trails in education. Vol. 8. Rotterdam: Sense Publishers. doi:10.1007/978-94-6209-530-4. ISBN 9789462095298. OCLC 876802735.
- Scott, Bernard; Shurville, Simon; Maclean, Piers; Cong, Chunyu (January 2007). "Cybernetic principles for learning design". Kybernetes. 36 (9/10): 1497–1514. doi:10.1108/03684920710827445. In this article, pedagogical patterns are called learning design patterns.
- Sharp, Helen; Manns, Mary Lynn; Eckstein, Jutta (December 2003). "Evolving pedagogical patterns: the work of the Pedagogical Patterns Project". Computer Science Education. 13 (4): 315–330. doi:10.1076/csed.13.4.315.17493. S2CID 3473870.