When crystalline ordering in a solid only extends a short distance
In crystallography, short range order refers to the regular and predictable arrangement (i.e. crystalline lattice) of atoms over a short distance, usually with one or two atom spacings. However, this regularity described by short-range order does not necessarily apply to a larger area. Examples of materials with short range order include amorphous materials such as wax, glass and liquids as well as the collagen fibrils of the stroma in the cornea.
Besides ordering of atoms, short-range ordering of vacancies are also possible. Example of systems with short-range ordering of oxygen-vacancies include oxygen-deficient stoichiometries of the superconductorsYBa2Cu2O7−δ, Nd2−xCexCuO4−y; as well as perovskites and novel bismuth sillenites.
↑Becerro, Ana I., et al. "The transition from short-range to long-range ordering of oxygen vacancies in CaFe_x Ti_1-x O 3− x/2 perovskites." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 2.17 (2000): 3933-3941.
↑C. McCammon, A. Becerro, F. Langenhorst, R. Angel, S. Marion, and F. Seifert, Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter
12, 2969 (2000).
↑C. Hou, A. Manthiram, L. Rabenberg, and J. Goodenough, Journal of Materials Research 5, 9 (1990).
↑Scurti, Craig A., et al. "Electron diffraction study of the sillenites Bi12SiO20, Bi25FeO39 and Bi25InO39: Evidence of short-range ordering of oxygen-vacancies in the trivalent sillenites." AIP Advances 4.8 (2014): 087125. | https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4893341