Mass media in Liberia includes the press, radio, television, fixed and mobile telephones, and the Internet. Much of Liberia's communications infrastructure was destroyed or plundered during their first and second civil wars (1989–1996 and 1999–2003). With low rates of adult literacy and high poverty rates, television and newspaper use is limited, leaving radio as the predominant means of communicating with the public. Even as it struggles with economic and political constraints, Liberia's media environment is expanding due to the number of registered newspapers and radio stations (many of them community stations) on the rise despite limited market potential. Along with this, politically critical content and investigative pieces also get published or broadcast.
Radio stations: 1 state-owned radio station, but no national public service broadcaster; about 15 independent radio stations broadcasting in Monrovia, with another 25 local stations operating in other areas; transmissions of 2 international broadcasters are available (2007).
Main lines: 3,200 lines in use, 213th in the world (2011).
Mobile cellular: 2.4 million lines, 138th in the world (2012).
Telephone system: the limited services available are found almost exclusively in the capital Monrovia; fixed-line service stagnant and extremely limited; telephone coverage extended to a number of other towns and rural areas by four mobile-cellular network operators; mobile-cellular subscription base growing and teledensity reached 50 per 100 persons (2011).
The fixed line infrastructure of Liberia was nearly completely destroyed during the civil wars (1989-1996 and 1999–2003).
Prior to the passage of the Telecommunications Act of 2007, the state-owned Liberia Telecommunications Corporation (LIBTELCO) held a legal monopoly for all fixed line services in Liberia, and remains the sole licensed fixed line telephone service provider in the country.
Following the liberalization of Liberia's telecommunications sector in the 2000s, private investment and mobile network expansion significantly increased access to communications services across the country. The sector remains constrained by unreliable electricity, limited domestic fiber infrastructure, and high operating costs, particularly outside Monrovia.
The landing of the Africa Coast to Europe (ACE) submarine cable significantly improved Liberia's international connectivity and broadband capacity. The expansion of mobile broadband services increased internet access, although service quality and affordability remained major constraints, particularly in rural areas.
In January 2025, the Liberia Telecommunications Authority granted a one-year provisional license to Starlink, the satellite internet service operated by SpaceX, to provide nationwide internet services in Liberia. The introduction of satellite broadband services expanded internet access options in rural and underserved parts of the country.
Mobile broadband: approximately 2.37 million active subscriptions (2024).
Internet censorship and surveillance
There are no government restrictions on access to the Internet or reports that the government monitors e-mail or Internet chat rooms.
The constitution provides for freedom of speech and press, and the government generally respects these rights in practice. Libel and national security laws place some limits on freedom of speech. Individuals can generally criticize the government publicly or privately without reprisal. Some journalists practice self-censorship.
The constitution prohibits arbitrary interference with privacy, family, home, or correspondence, and the government generally respects these prohibitions in practice.
1234Newspaper & Current Periodical Room. "Liberia". 19th and 20th Century Foreign Newspapers in Original Format: Inventory. Washington DC: U.S. Library of Congress. Retrieved 22 August 2017.
123"Liberia", Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2012, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, U.S. Department of State, 25 March 2013. Retrieved 7 February 2014.
C. William Allen (1990). "Soaring Above the Cloud of Mediocrity: The Challenges of the Liberian Press in the Nineties". Liberian Studies Journal. 15. United States. ISSN0024-1989.
