John Adams (October 30, 1735 – July 4, 1826) was a Founding Father of the United States, a leader of the American Revolution, and the second U.S. president. He was a Province of Massachusetts Bay delegate to the Second Continental Congress and the leading advocate for American independence from Britain. In addition to seconding the Lee Resolution, Adams served on the Committee of Five, which drafted the United States Declaration of Independence. A dedicated diarist, Adams corresponded with his wife Abigail during this time, recording historical information on the era. In 1783, Adams was part of the American delegation that negotiated the Treaty of Paris, which formally ended the American Revolutionary War. Adams was the primary author of the 1780 Massachusetts Constitution, which influenced the 1789 United States Constitution, and he became the new nation's first vice president and its second president. After his presidency, Adams returned to Peacefield, his Massachusetts home and farm. (Full article...)

Collegiate Church of Saint George and Saint Ode

• ... that a tombstone discovered in 1977 in the Collegiate Church of Saint George and Saint Ode (pictured) is widely believed to be that of the church's 6th-century founder?
• ... that Nepalese communist parliamentarian Ghanendra Basnet spent more than sixteen years in prison?
• ... that the Peppa Pig episode "Mister Skinnylegs" was banned in Australia in 2012 over safety concerns involving spiders?
• ... that Georgia State Route 195 lost nearly half of its length?
• ... that, after Denis Bowes Daly's death, the preserved body of his wife was found in a closet at Dalystown House to which only he had access?
• ... that the prices of slaves in Carthage fell drastically after the Battle of Bourgaon?
• ... that the Shrira–Pesenson equation describes how a bent solitary wave can develop a shock wave running along its front?
• ... that Swiss filmmaker Louis Mercanton gave Ivor Novello his film debut after casting him from a photograph?
• ... that there is a lost gay Jesus porn movie?

Two aircraft mechanics servicing a rotary aircraft engine

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Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva

• At least 69 people are killed in a collision between two high-speed trains in Toledo province, Spain.
• Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (pictured) is re-elected President of Brazil.
• In the Serbian parliamentary election, the Student List wins a majority of seats, defeating former president Aleksandar Vučić and his Serbian Progressive Party.
• In Jordan, a mass shooting at a church leaves nine people dead.
• At least 16 people are killed in a magnitude 7.0 earthquake in northern Tibet.

October 30

French troops capturing Stettin

• 1806 – War of the Fourth Coalition: Believing that they were outnumbered, the German garrison at Stettin surrendered to a much smaller French force (pictured) without a fight.
• 1966 – Singaporean leftist opposition leader Chia Thye Poh was detained under the Internal Security Act, which allows for preventive detention; he was released 32 years later.
• 1991 – The Madrid Conference, an attempt by the international community to revive the Israeli–Palestinian peace process through negotiations, convened.
• 2001 – Michael Jackson released Invincible, his final studio album and the most expensive album ever produced.