Wikipedia:Reference desk/Archives/Language/2025 April 12

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April 12

Questions

  1. Are there any words in English where ⟨gh⟩ is pronounced as /f/ before ⟨t⟩?
  2. Are there any place names in English where ⟨gh⟩ is pronounced at the end of word?
  3. Are there any other Germanic languages than English which have different forms of possessive determiner and possessive adjective?
  4. Does English ever use VSO word order to emphasize verb?
  5. How is an indirect question which does not have a question word constructed in languages that use question particle or intonation and not invert word order, such as in Slavic and Romance languages?
  6. In English, do obstruents assimilate in voicing if the next word begins with obstruent?
  7. Why Cyrillic letters with acute accent are not available as precomposed characters in Unicode?

--40bus (talk) 20:15, 12 April 2025 (UTC)[reply]

1. draught. Double sharp (talk) 20:16, 12 April 2025 (UTC)[reply]
and laughter. Xuxl (talk) 12:57, 13 April 2025 (UTC)[reply]
and roughtailed —Tamfang (talk) 20:24, 19 April 2025 (UTC)[reply]
2. Pittsburgh. ←Baseball Bugs What's up, Doc? carrots20:50, 12 April 2025 (UTC)[reply]
6. Not sure what you're getting at, but I wonder if World's Series would be an example? ←Baseball Bugs What's up, Doc? carrots20:53, 12 April 2025 (UTC)[reply]
6. Listen to world cup pronounced /wɜɹld.kʌp/ here by a speaker from Milwaukee: .  ​‑‑Lambiam 22:04, 12 April 2025 (UTC)[reply]
4. Yes. [1] Modocc (talk) 22:17, 12 April 2025 (UTC)[reply]
5. Where English uses a relativizer (that, if ) to connect the relative clause to the main clause, Turkish nominalizes the relative clause by adding the particle -dik to the stem of the verb, plus an appropriate possessive suffix to replace the subject. The resulting noun phrase then becomes the object of the main clause, so in most cases the suffix of the accusative case will also be added, all subjected to vowel harmony. The verb of the main clause then makes clear this is a question. For example:
  • Çocuk yürebilir. — The child can walk.
  • Yürebilir misin diye adam çocuğa sordu. — The man asked the child, Can you walk?
  • Adam çocuğa yürebildiğini sordu. — The man asked the child if they could walk.
  • Evet, yürebilirim, dedi. — They said, Yes, I can walk.
  • Çocuk yürebildiğini söyledi. — The child said that they could walk.
 ​‑‑Lambiam 07:16, 13 April 2025 (UTC)[reply]
2. In the north of England, yes. See Brough, East Riding of Yorkshire and the very meagre selection of northern place-names in Clough, pronounced to rhyme with stuff, given at Clough (disambiguation)#Places. There are countless other small steep-sided valleys which use that word in their names. --Antiquary (talk) 08:19, 13 April 2025 (UTC)[reply]
I don't see a ⟨t⟩.  ​‑‑Lambiam 11:31, 13 April 2025 (UTC)[reply]
I think you're confusing questions 1 and 2. --Antiquary (talk) 11:59, 13 April 2025 (UTC)[reply]
Still on 2, there's Burgh by Sands and Edinburgh, Indiana. I believe I can also add (though our articles don't give any pronunciation) Plattsburgh, New York, Hamptonburgh, New York, and Newburgh, New York. --Antiquary (talk) 12:24, 13 April 2025 (UTC)[reply]
And if place-names are allowed for question 1 then there's Aughton and Claughton. Again, we're in the north of England here. --Antiquary (talk) 20:48, 13 April 2025 (UTC)[reply]
5. At least some Slavic languages use the question particle *li and its descendants. You can see some notes about the sentence structure and word order in ли. —Amble (talk) 19:24, 14 April 2025 (UTC)[reply]
In Polish the same question particle czy is used in both direct and indirect questions. It's optional in the former case (using only intonation to indicate a question), but obligatory in the latter.
Czy jesteś w domu? / Jesteś w domu? (Are you home?)
Chciałbym wiedzieć, czy jesteś w domu. (I'd like to know whether you are home.)
Kpalion(talk) 07:53, 17 April 2025 (UTC)[reply]
7: In Russian at least, acute accents are used only in dictionaries and the like, as far as I know. —Tamfang (talk) 22:20, 19 April 2025 (UTC)[reply]
Corréct. -- Jack of Oz [pleasantries] 01:46, 23 April 2025 (UTC)[reply]
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