Ghaznaviidide riik

Ghaznaviidide Riik غزنویان 977–1186
Valitsusvorm	monarhia
Sultan	Sabuktigin ; (esimene, 977–997) ; Khusrau Malik ; (viimane, 1160–1186)
Pealinn	Ghazni ; (977–1163) ; Lahore ; (1163–1186)
Religioon	sunni islam ; hinduism
Pindala	3 400 000 km2 (1029)
Riigikeeled	pärsia ; sanskriti ; araabia ; turgi
Samaniidide Riik ; Saffariidide Riik ; Ma'muniidide Riik ; Farighuniidide Riik ; Hindušahhide Riik ; Multani Emiraat ; Solankide Riik ; Rashtrakuta Riik ; Pratiharade Riik ; Habbari Emiraat ; Buijiidide Riik ; Zijariidide Riik ; Kakujiidide Riik	Seldžukkide Riik ; Ghuriidide Riik

Ghaznaviidide Riik (pärsia keeles غزنویان) oli riik Aasias 10.–12. sajandil. See oli ühiskonna mõttes pärsialik ning selle valitsejad olid turgi mamelukkidest pärinenud sunniidid. Kõrgajal ulatus Ghaznaviidide Riik Oxosest Induseni. Ghaznaviidide Riigi asutas Sabuktigin, kellest sai Ghaznī valitseja, kui tema äi, Samaniidide Riigi väejuht Alp-Tegin, suri.

Sabuktigini poeg Mahmud viis Ghaznaviidide Riigi piirid Oxose, Induse, India ookeani, Ray ja Hamadanini. Masʽud I valitsemisajal (1030–1040) hakkasid Ghaznaviidid läänes pärast Dandanaqani lahingut Seldžukkidele alasid kaotama ning nende riik kattis pärast seda tänapäeva Pakistani, Afganistani ja India põhjaosa.

Aastal 1151 kaotas sultan Bahram-Shah Ghazni Ghuriidide Riigi valitsejale Ala al-Din Husaynile. Ghaznaviididel õnnestus Ghazna siiski mõneks ajaks tagasi vallutada, kuid siis kaotasid nad selle Oghuzi turkidele. Valitsejad põgenesid Lahore'i. Aastal 1186 vallutasid Ghuriidid Lahore'i ning hukkasid Ghaznaviidide sultani Khusrau Maliki.

Vaata ka

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Kirjandus

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