Het woord mahatma werd eind 19e eeuw gepopulariseerd door theosofische literatuur, toen Helena Blavatsky, een van de stichters van de Theosophical Society, beweerde dat haar leraren adepten of mahatma's waren die in Azië verbleven. Deze mahatma's zouden grote yogische vermogens (siddhi's) hebben, net als siddha's.
Johnson, K. Paul (1994) The Masters Revealed: Madam Blavatsky and Myth of the Great White Brotherhood. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press.
Johnson, K. Paul (1995) Initiates of Theosophical Masters. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press.
↑Kuhn, Alvin Boyd (1930) Theosophy: A Modern Revival of Ancient Wisdom. Ph.D. Thesis. Whitefish, Montana: Kessinger Publishing. ISBN 978-1-56459-175-3, p. 147. Alvin Boyd Kuhn: 'The Masters whom Theosophy presents to us are simply high-ranking students in life's school of experience. They are members of our own evolutionary group, not visitants from the celestial spheres. They are supermen only in that they have attained knowledge of the laws of life and mastery over its forces with which we are still struggling.'