Lepraria é um gênero de líquenscrustososleprosos (pulverulentos) que crescem em seu substrato como manchas de grãos de pó granulares, compactados e farinhentos. Os membros do gênero são comumente chamados de líquens de pó.:305 O corpo vegetativo principal (talo) é constituído por aglomerados de sorédios (pequenas bolas de algas envoltas em fungos). Não existem mecanismos conhecidos para a reprodução sexuada, contudo, os membros do género continuam a especiar. Algumas espécies podem formar lóbulos marginais e apresentar uma aparência escamosa. Devido à simplicidade morfológica do talo e à ausência de estruturas sexuais, a composição dos produtos liquênicos (isto é, metabolitos secundários produzidos pelos líquenes) são características importantes para distinguir entre espécies semelhantes em Lepraria.
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