July 10

July 10 is the 191st day of the year (192nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 174 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

Up to 1900

48 BC – Battle of Dyrrhachium, Julius Caesar barely avoids a catastrophic defeat to Pompey in Macedonia.
988 – Founding date of the city of Dublin.
1212 – London is almost completely destroyed by fire.
1460 – Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick defeats the king's Lancastrian forces and takes Henry VI of England prisoner in the Battle of Northampton.
1499 – Portuguese explorer Nicolau Coelho returns to Lisbon, after discovering the sea route to India as a companion to Vasco da Gama, who died on December 24 the previous year.
1519 – Zhu Chenhao declares the Ming Dynasty Zhengde Emperor as a usurper, beginning the Prince of Ning rebellion, and leads his army north in an attempt to capture Nanjing.
1553 – Lady Jane Grey takes the English throne following the death of 15–year–old Edward VI of England on July 6. She becomes known as the "Nine-day queen".
1584 – William I of Orange is assassinated in Delft by Balthasar Gérard.
1645 – English Civil War: The Battle of Langport takes place.
1778 – American Revolution: Louis XVI of France declares war on the United Kingdom of Great Britain.
1789 – Alexander Mackenzie reaches the Mackenzie River Delta.
1821 – The United States takes possession of its newly bought territory of Florida from Spain.
1832 – US president Andrew Jackson vetoes a bill that would re–charter the Second Bank of the United States.
1850 – Millard Fillmore is inaugurated as the 13th president of the United States.
1882 – War of the Pacific: Chile suffers its last military defeat in the Battle of La Concepcion when a garrison of 77 men is virtually wiped out by a 1,300–strong Peruvian force, many of them armed with spears.
1890 – Wyoming is admitted as the 44th U.S. state.

1901 – 1950

1908 – Dutch physicist Heike Kamerlingh Onnes manages to turn helium into liquid.
1913 – Death Valley, California hits 134 °F (~56.7 °C) which is the highest temperature recorded in the United States. In 2012 it is also recognized as the hottest–recorded temperature in the world after a record set in Libya in 1922 is discredited.
1921 – Belfast's Bloody Sunday: 16 people are killed and 161 houses are destroyed during rioting and gun battles.
1925 – Meher Baba begins his 44–year silence.
1925 – The Telegraph Agency of the Soviet Union (TASS), the official news agency of the Soviet Union, is established.
1925 – Scopes Trial: In Dayton, Tennessee, the so–called "Monkey Trial" begins with John T. Scopes, a young high school science teacher, accused of teaching evolution in violation of a Tennessee state law.
1931 – Norway annexes Erik Raudes Land (Eric the Red Land) in eastern Greenland.
1938 – Howard Hughes sets a new record by completing a 91–hour airplane flight around the world.
1940 – World War II: Vichy France government established.
1940 – World War II: Battle of Britain – The German Luftwaffe begin to hit British convoys in the English Channel thus starting the battle (this start date is contested, though).
1942 – The Netherlands and Soviet Union start diplomatic relations.
1943 – World War II: Operation Husky – British, American and Canadian troops land on Sicily.
1945 – Saarland changes its occupying force from American to French.
1946 – A hyperinflation (a big and quick increase in prices) record is set in Hungary.
1947 – Muhammad Ali Jinnah is recommended as the first Governor–General of Pakistan by British prime minister Clement Attlee.

1951 – 2000

1951 – Korean War: At Kaesong, armistice negotiations begin.
1951 – Randy Turpin becomes the middleweight boxing champion after defeating Sugar Ray Robinson.
1962 – Telstar, the world's first communications satellite, is launched into orbit.
1967 – Uruguay becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty.
1968 – Maurice Couve de Murville becomes prime minister of France
1973 – The Bahamas gain full independence within the British Commonwealth.
1973 – The National Assembly of Pakistan passes a resolution on the recognition of Bangladesh as an independent state.
1976 – An environmental disaster occurs at a chemical plant in Seveso, Italy.
1978 – Moktar Ould Daddah is ousted in a coup as president of Mauritania.
1980 – London's Alexandra Palace burns down for a second time.
1985 – Greenpeace vessel Rainbow Warrior is bombed and sunk in Auckland, New Zealand Harbor by French DGSE agents.
1985 – In response to market demand, Coca-Cola re–introduces its old formula cola as "Coca-Cola Classic" (see New Coke).
1991 – Boris Yeltsin begins his 5–year term as the first elected president of Russia.
1991 – The South African cricket team is re–admitted to the International Cricket Council after being banned for its Apartheid policy.
1992 – In Miami, Florida, former Panamanian leader Manuel Noriega is sentenced to 40 years in prison for drug and racketeering violations.
1995 – Burmese politician Aung San Suu Kyi is let out of being arrested in her house.
1995 – The NIOSH ratings change as 42 CFR 84 becomes the respirator rule of law to be used in the United States. The new Part 84 rules were in the Federal Register before they became law. The new ratings include the N95.
1997 – London, scientists report their DNA analysis findings from a Neandertal skeleton which support the out of Africa theory of human evolution placing an "African Eve" at 100,000 to 200,000 years ago.
1998 – The remains of United States Air Force 1st Lt. Michael Joseph Blassie are returned to his family in St. Louis, Missouri from the Tomb of the Unknowns upon identification through DNA analysis. The remains had been in the first tomb since 1984.
1998 – Catholic priests' sex abuse scandal: The Diocese of Dallas agrees to pay $23.4 million to nine former altar boys who claimed they were sexually abused by former priest Rudolph Kos.
2000 – A leaking southern Nigerian petroleum pipeline explodes, killing about 250 villagers scavenging gasoline.
2000 – EADS, the world's second largest aerospace group, is formed by the merger of Aérospatiale-Matra, DASA, and CASA.

From 2001

2002 – At a Sotheby's auction, Peter Paul Rubens' painting "The Massacre of the Innocents" is sold for £49.5 million (US$76.2 million) to Lord Kenneth Thomson.
2003 – A Neoplan bus, owned by Kowloon Motor Bus, collides with a truck, falls off a bridge on Tuen Mun Road, Hong Kong, and plunges into the underlying valley, killing 21 people. This is the deadliest bus accident to date in Hong Kong.
2003 – Wikibooks, a project of the Wikimedia Foundation, is created.
2006 – For the first time in history, the positions of president and prime minister in a country are held by twin brothers (In Poland, with Lech Kaczynski and Jaroslaw Kaczynski respectively).
2010 – A week–long manhunt comes to an end in Northumberland, England, when fugitive criminal Raoul Moat commits suicide by gunshot after a stand–off with police.
2011 – British Sunday tabloid newspaper, The News of the World, ends publication after a major phone–hacking scandal.
2011 – Russian river cruiser Bulgaria sinks on the Volga River, killing over 100 people.
2016 – Portugal wins UEFA Euro 2016, defeating host nation France in extra time in the final.
2019 – Kim Darroch resigns as Ambassador of the United Kingdom to the United States following a leak of comments criticising the administration of Donald Trump and Trump's subsequent reaction to them.