| Years |
|---|
| Millennium |
| 2nd millennium |
| Centuries |
| Decades |
| Years |
| Gregorian calendar | 1256 MCCLVI |
| Ab urbe condita | 2009 |
| Armenian calendar | 705 ԹՎ ՉԵ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6006 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1177–1178 |
| Bengali calendar | 663 |
| Berber calendar | 2206 |
| English Regnal year | 40 Hen. 3 – 41 Hen. 3 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1800 |
| Burmese calendar | 618 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6764–6765 |
| Chinese calendar | 乙卯年 (Wood Rabbit) 3952 or 3892 — to — 丙辰年 (Fire Dragon) 3953 or 3893 |
| Coptic calendar | 972–973 |
| Discordian calendar | 2422 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1248–1249 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5016–5017 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1312–1313 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1177–1178 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4356–4357 |
| Holocene calendar | 11256 |
| Igbo calendar | 256–257 |
| Iranian calendar | 634–635 |
| Islamic calendar | 653–654 |
| Japanese calendar | Kenchō 8 / Kōgen 1 (康元元年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1165–1166 |
| Julian calendar | 1256 MCCLVI |
| Korean calendar | 3589 |
| Minguo calendar | 656 before ROC 民前656年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −212 |
| Thai solar calendar | 1798–1799 |
| Tibetan calendar | ཤིང་མོ་ཡོས་ལོ་ (female Wood-Hare) 1382 or 1001 or 229 — to — མེ་ཕོ་འབྲུག་ལོ་ (male Fire-Dragon) 1383 or 1002 or 230 |
1256 (MCCLVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar, the 1256th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 256th year of the 2nd millennium, the 56th year of the 13th century, and the 7th year of the 1250s decade. As of the start of 1256, the Gregorian calendar was 7 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which was the dominant calendar of the time.
Abingdon School is founded. Roger Bacon becomes a Franciscan Friar.