Abkhazia
Republic of Abkhazia | |
|---|---|
 Coat of arms
| |
| Anthem: Аиааира (Abkhaz) Aiaaira Victory | |
 Map of Abkhazia | |
 Location of Abkhazia | |
| Capital and largest city | Sokhumi |
| Official languages | Abkhaz, Russian1 |
| Non-official languages | Georgian, Mingrelian2, Armenian, |
| Demonym(s) | Abkhaz, Abkhazian |
| Government | Unitary republic |
| Badra Gunba | |
| Beslan Bigvava | |
| Alexander Ankvab | |
| Partially recognized independence from Georgia and the Soviet Union | |
• Georgian annulment of all Soviet-era laws and treaties | 20 June 1990 |
• Declaration of sovereignty3 | 25 August 1990 |
• Georgian declaration of independence | 9 April 1991 |
| 26 December 1991 | |
• Reinstatement of 1925 Constitution | 23 July 1992 |
| 26 November 1994 | |
| 3 October 1999 | |
• Act of state independence4 | 12 October 1999 |
| 26 August 2008 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 8,432 km2 (3,256 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• Estimate | Between 157,000 and 190,0006 180,0007 |
• 2015 census | 243,000 |
• Density | 29/km2 (75.1/sq mi) |
| Currency | Russian ruble8 (RUB) |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK) |
| Driving side | right |
| |
Abkhazia (Georgian: აფხაზეთი – Apkhazeti, Abkhaz: Аҧсны – Apsny, Russian: Абха́зия – Abkhaziya) is an unrecognized country in the Caucasus.
History
1990s
The country fought a war with Georgia for its independence in 1991, the Georgian–Abkhaz conflict. Since its declaration of independence from Georgia in 1991, it has been ruled by the partially recognized Republic of Abkhazia.
2000s
Georgia believes Abkhazia is part of its territory and has listed the province in its official subdivisions as an autonomous republic. On 28 August 2008, the Parliament of Georgia passed a resolution declaring Abkhazia a "Russian-occupied territory". The Republic of Abkhazia, with Sokhumi as its capital, is formally recognized by Russia and by Nicaragua, and the de facto independent republics of South Ossetia and Transnistria. The European Union, OSCE and NATO recognize Abkhazia as an integral part of the territory of Georgia.
The secessionist movement of the Abkhaz minority led to the Georgian–Abkhaz conflict. The War in Abkhazia resulted in a Georgian military defeat and the mass exodus and ethnic cleansing of the Georgian population from Abkhazia. There was a 1994 ceasefire agreement. There is a UN-monitored and Russian-dominated CIS peacekeeping operation. The sovereignty dispute has not been resolved. The dispute is a source of conflict between Georgia and Russia.
Related pages
References
- ↑ "Президент – Республики Абхазия". Archived from the original on 2008-05-20. Retrieved 2006-11-01.
- ↑ "Карта сайта". Archived from the original on 2018-12-24. Retrieved 2018-06-01.
- ↑ "UNPO: Abkhazia: Review of Events for the Year 1996". unpo.org.[permanent dead link]
- ↑ Abkhaz: Аҧсны Apsny, Georgian: აფხაზეთი Apkhazeti or Abkhazeti, Russian: Абха́зия Abkhazia
- ↑
- Olga Oliker, Thomas S. Szayna. Faultlines of Conflict in Central Asia and the South Caucasus: Implications for the U.S. Army. Rand Corporation 2003. ISBN 978-0-8330-3260-7
- Abkhazia: ten years on. Archived 2012-02-05 at the Wayback Machine By Rachel Clogg, Conciliation Resources, 2001
- Medianews.ge. Training of military operations underway in Abkhazia Archived 2007-09-28 at the Wayback Machine, 21 August 2007
- Emmanuel Karagiannis. Energy and Security in the Caucasus. Routledge, 2002. ISBN 978-0-7007-1481-0
- GuardianUnlimited. Georgia up in arms over Olympic cash
- International Relations and Security Network. Kosovo wishes in Caucasus. By Simon Saradzhyan
- ↑ Resolution of the Parliament of Georgia declaring Abkhazia and South Ossetia occupied territories, 28 August 2008.
- ↑ "Abkhazia, S.Ossetia Formally Declared Occupied Territory. Civil Georgia". 2008-08-28. Archived from the original on 2008-09-03. Retrieved 2018-06-01.
- ↑
- "West condemns Russia over Georgia". 26 August 2008 – via news.bbc.co.uk.
- "Scheffer 'Rejects' Russia's Move, Civil.ge, 26 August 2008". Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 1 June 2018.
- "CoE, PACE Chairs Condemn Russia's Move, Civil Georgia, 26 August 2008". Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 1 June 2018.
- "OSCE Chair Condemns Russia's Recognition of Abkhazia, S.Ossetia, Civil Georgia, 26 August 2008". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 1 June 2018.
