Denmark-Norway

Denmark–Norway (Danish and Norwegian: Danmark–Norge)
1537–1814
Royal Standard of Denmark-Norway (1731–1819) Coat of arms (1699–1814)
Motto: Regna firmat pietas ("Piety strengthens the realms") Used from 1588–1648
Anthem: Kong Christian stod ved højen mast "King Christian stood by the lofty mast" Used from 1780–1814
Map of Denmark–Norway, c. 1780
Status	Dual monarchy (Real union) (1537–1814)
Capital	Copenhagen
Common languages	Official: Danish, German, Renaissance Latin Also spoken: Norwegian, Icelandic, Faroese, Sami languages, Greenlandic, North Frisian
Religion	Lutheran
Government	Monarchy Denmark: Elective monarchy (1537–1660) Hereditary absolute monarchy (1660–1814) Norway: (de facto) Hereditary monarchy (1537–1814) (de facto) Absolute monarchy (from 1661)
King
• 1537–1559	Christian III (first)
• 1588–1648	Christian IV (longest)
• 1648–1670	Frederick III
• 1808–1814a	Frederick VI (last)
Legislature	Riksråd and Herredag 1537–1660 Norwegian Government commission 1807–1810
Historical era	Early modern Europe
• Gustav Vasa elected     King of Sweden	6 June 1523
• Kalmar Union collapsed	1523/1537
• Norwegian riksråd     abolished	1537
• Treaty of Brömsebro	13 August 1645
• Treaty of Roskilde	26 February 1658
• Danish rigsråd     abolished	14 October 1660
• Lex Regia confirms     absolutism	14 November 1665
• Treaty of Kiel	14 January 1814
• Congress of Vienna	September 1814 – June 1815
Area
1800	2,655,567 km2 (1,025,320 sq mi)
Population
• 1645b	1,315,000
• 1801c	1,859,000
Currency	Danish rigsdaler (1625–1814) Norwegian rigsdaler (1625–1814)
Preceded by Succeeded by Kalmar Union Danish Unitary State Sweden–Norway Norway County of Larvik (1814–1817)
Today part of	Denmark Norway Iceland Germany Greenland Ghana India
a: Frederick VI was regent for his father, so ruled as de facto king from 14 April 1784; he continued to rule Denmark after the Treaty of Kiel until his death on 3 December 1839. b: Estimated 825,000 in Denmark, 440,000 in Norway and 50,000 in Iceland c: 929,000 in Denmark, 883,000 in Norway and 47,000 in Iceland

Denmark-Norway is a term (or a kind of name used about) the union between Denmark and Norway. The union was a kind that is called a real union. The name Denmark-Norway, is a modern name. It came into use some time after the union had ended.

The Kingdom of Denmark-Norway was a union between the two kingdoms Denmark and Norway. They were previously in the Kalmar Union with Sweden. The Kingdom of Denmark-Norway lasted from 1536 to 1814. The capital of both countries was Copenhagen, and they shared the same military. The kingdom also possessed colonies in Greenland, Iceland, Africa, the Caribbean and India.

Borders between nations, sometimes change. Denmark-Norway had (some) land in what today is

•  Faroe Islands
   ∟  Greenland
•  Iceland
•  Sweden
•  Estonia
•  Latvia
•  Germany

Denmark-Norway had a small colony in each of the following places

• Present-day Saint Thomas and Saint Croix, United States and present-day Saint John.
•  India
•  Ghana

Usage and extent

Colonies

The term "Kingdom of Denmark" is sometimes used incorrectly to include both countries in the period, since most of the political and economic power emanated from the city of Copenhagen in Denmark. These term also cover the "royal territories" of the Oldenburgs as it was in 1460, but excluding the "ducal territories" of Schleswig and Holstein. The administration used two official languages, Danish and German, and for several centuries, both a Danish Chancellery (Danish: Danske Kancelli) and German Chancellery (Danish: Tyske Kancelli) existed.

Monarchs

• 1524–1533: Frederick I
• 1588–1648: Christian IV
• 1648–1670: Frederick III
• 1808–1814: Frederick VI

References