June 1
June 1 is the 152nd day of the year (153rd in leap years ) in the Gregorian calendar . There are 213 days remaining until the end of the year. And it is also the Official Correct First Day of Summer and Sarah's Birthday
Events
Up to 1900
70 BC – An earthquake in Shandong , China , kills 6,000 people.193 – Roman Emperor Marcus Didius is killed in his big house.719 – deposed Eastern Roman Emperor Anastasius II (713–715) and his conspirators executed by Emperor Leo III the Isaurian for rebelling in a bid to take the throne.1204 – King Philip Augustus of France conquers Rouen .1215 – Zhongdu (now Beijing ), then under control of Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin , is captured by the Mongols under Genghis Khan , ending in the Battle of Zhongdu .1252 – Alfonso X of Castile is elected King of Castile and Leon .1283 – Treaty of Rheinfelden – Duke Rudolph II of Austria has to waive his right to the Duchies of Austria and Styria .1298 – Residents of Riga and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeat the Livonian order in the Battle of Turaida .1485 – Matthias of Hungary took Vienna in his conquest of Austria (from Frederick III ) and made the city his capital.1495 – Friar John Cor records the first known batch of scotch whisky .1533 – Henry VIII of England 's new wife, Anne Boleyn , is crowned as queen .1535 – Combined forces loyal to Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor attack and expel the Ottomans from Tunis during the Conquest of Tunis.1648 – Second English Civil War : The Roundheads defeat the Cavaliers at the Battle of Maidstone .1660 – Mary Dyer is hanged in Boston, Massachusetts for defying a law banning Quakers from the colony. She is considered to be the last religious martyr in North America.1679 – The Scottish Covenanters defeat John Graham of Claverhouse at the Battle of Drumlog .1779 – American Revolutionary War : Benedict Arnold is court-martialed for malfeasance in his treatment of government property.1792 – Kentucky becomes the 15th state in the United States , with Isaac Shelby as its first Governor .1794 – "Battle of the Glorious First of June " is fought, as the first naval battle between Great Britain and France .1796 – Tennessee becomes the 16th state in the United States .1812 – War of 1812 : U.S. President James Madison asks the United States Congress to declare war on the United Kingdom .1813 – The United States Navy gained its motto as the mortally wounded commander of the frigate Chesapeake James Lawrence , said, "Don't give up the ship".1815 – Napoleon swears fidelity to the Constitution of France.1831 – James Clark Ross discovers the position of the North Magnetic Pole on the Boothia Peninsula .1847 – Zeta Psi Fraternity is founded.1855 – American adventurer William Walker defeats Nicaragua and brings back slavery .1861 – American Civil War : Battle of Fairfax Oaks Court House takes place, in which the first Confederate combat casualty occurs.1862 – American Civil War : Battle of Fair Oaks ends – Both sides claim victory.1868 – The Treaty of Bosque Redondo is signed, allowing Navajos to return to their lands in Arizona and New Mexico .1869 – Thomas Edison of Boston, Massachusetts , received a patent for his electric voting machine .1879 – Eugène Napoléon, Prince Imperial of France is killed in the Zulu Wars .1890 – The United States Census Bureau begins using Herman Hollerith 's tabulating machine to count census returns.1898 – The Trans-Mississippi Exposition world's fair opens in Omaha, Nebraska .– 20001907 – Colin Blythe takes 17 wickets for 48 runs against Northamptonshire at Northampton in one day. It is the best analysis ever recorded either for a county cricket match or a single day's bowling, and not bettered in first-class cricket until 1956 .1909 – The Alaska-Yukon-Pacific Exposition world's fair opens in Seattle, Washington .1910 – Robert Falcon Scott 's South Pole expedition leaves the United Kingdom .1916 – Louis Brandeis becomes the first Jew to be appointed to the United States Supreme Court .1918 – World War I : Battle for Belleau Wood begins –1921 – Tulsa Race Riot : A race riot in Tulsa, Oklahoma kills at least 85 people.1922 – Official founding of the Royal Ulster Constabulary .1925 – Lou Gehrig of the New York Yankees played the first game in his record streak of 2,130 games in a row, an endurance record in Major League Baseball that stood until Cal Ripken, Jr. broke it in 1995 .1926 – In Poland , the National Assembly elects Ignacy Moscicki as President .1932 – Franz von Papen becomes Chancellor of Germany .1935 – First driving tests introduced in Britain.1938 – Action Comics issues the first Superman 1938 – Protective baseball helmets were worn by people with bats for the very first time.1941 – World War II : Battle of Crete ends – Crete gives in to Germany .1943 – A not soldier flight from Lisbon to London was shot down by the Germans during World War II , killing all on the plane, including actor Leslie Howard .1954 – The Peanuts comic strip character Linus van Pelt is shown with a security blanket for the first time. Archived 2005-03-04 at the Wayback Machine 1958 – Charles de Gaulle is brought out of resting to lead France by order for six months.1960 – New Zealand 's first official television broadcast is transmitted.1963 – Kenya gains internal self-rule.1967 – The Beatles album Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band 1971 – Vietnam War : Vietnam Veterans for a Just Peace , claiming to represent the majority of U.S. veterans who served in Southeast Asia , speak against war protests.1973 – The military proclaims Greece a republic .1974 – The Heimlich maneuver for rescuing choking victims is published in the journal Emergency Medicine .1974 – Flixborough disaster : An explosion at a chemical plant in Flixborough , UK kills 28 people.1978 – The first international applications under the Patent Cooperation Treaty are filed.1978 – The 1978 FIFA World Cup in Argentina begins. The staging of the World Cup in Argentina is controversial, due to the military dictatorship in power at the time.1979 – The first black-led government of Rhodesia in 90 years takes power, ousting Ian Smith and changing its name to Zimbabwe 1980 – The Cable News Network (CNN ) begins broadcasting .1988 – A mining accident in Stolzenbach, Hesse , then–West Germany , kills 51 miners. 6 survive and are rescued on June 4 .1989 – Oba Chandler murders an Ohio family on their Florida vacation by drowning them in Tampa Bay .1990 – U.S. President George H. W. Bush and Soviet Union leader Mikhail Gorbachev sign a treaty to end chemical weapon production and start destroying each of their nation's stockpiles.1990 – Karl-Marx-Stadt, in then–East Germany , changes its name back to Chemnitz .1993 – Dobrinja mortar attack, west of Sarajevo , Bosnia and Herzegovina , kills 13 people and injures 133, as Serb mortar shells hit during a football game.1994 – South Africa re-joins the Commonwealth of Nations .1999 – American Airlines Flight 1420 slides and crashes at Little Rock National Airport in Arkansas , killing 11 people.2000 – The Patent Law Treaty (PLT) is signed.From 2001
2001 – Several members of Nepal 's royal family, including King Birendra of Nepal and Queen Aiswarya of Nepal , are killed in a massacre. Crown Prince, Dipendra of Nepal , is believed to have carried out the attack, and dies of his injuries on June 4 .2001 – A Hamas suicide bombing kills 21 people at a disco in Tel-Aviv , Israel .2002 – The Germany national football team scores its highest FIFA World Cup win, defeating the Saudi Arabia national football team 8–0 in a group match.2003 – The People's Republic of China begins filling the reservoir behind the massive Three Gorges Dam , raising the water level near the dam over 100 meters.2005 – Voters in the Netherlands reject the proposed EU Constitution.2008 – A fire at Universal Studios Hollywood destroys 118,000 to 175,000 copies of master tapes.2009 – Air France Flight 447 : An Air France plane crashes into the Atlantic Ocean , northeast of Brazil , killing all 228 people on board.2009 – General Motors files for Chapter 11 bankruptcy .2011 – Sepp Blatter is controversially re-elected as FIFA President.2014 – FIFA , the governing body of world football , is embroiled in a corruption scandal after reports of irregularities when Qatar won the right to host the 2022 FIFA World Cup in 2010 .2015 – A ship carrying over 458 people sinks on the Yangtze River in Hubei province, China , killing 400 people.2016 – The Gotthard Base Tunnel , the longest tunnel in the world, opens in Switzerland after around 20 years of building work.2017 – President Donald Trump announces the United States ' withdrawal from the Paris climate change agreement.2018 – A coalition government consisting of the Five Star Movement and the League Party takes office in Italy , with Giuseppe Conte as Prime minister.2018 – Mariano Rajoy is removed from office as Prime minister of Spain by a parliamentary vote of no confidence; Pedro Sánchez replaces him.2019 – Nayib Bukele becomes President of El Salvador .2019 – Liverpool F.C. defeats Tottenham Hotspur F.C. 2–0 in the second UEFA Champions League final between two English clubs.Births
Up to 1800
719 – Yang Yuhuan , Chinese princess and consort (d. 756 )1076 – Mstislav I of Kiev (d. 1132 )1134 – Geoffrey, Count of Nantes (d. 1158 )1300 – Thomas of Brotherton, 1st Earl of Salisbury , son of King Edward I of England (d. 1338 )1455 – Anne of Savoy (d. 1480 )1480 – Tiedemann Giese , Polish bishop (d. 1550 )1503 – Wilhelm von Grumbach , German adventurer (d. 1567 )1563 – Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury , English politician (d. 1612 )1633 – Geminiano Montanari , Italian astronomer (d. 1687 )1637 – Jacques Marquette , French missionary and explorer (d. 1675 )1754 – Ferdinand Karl, Archduke of Austria-Este (d. 1806 )1771 – Ferdinando Paer , Italian composer (d. 1839 )1790 – Ferdinand Raimund , Austrian playwright (d. 1836 )1796 – Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot , French military engineer and physicist (d. 1832 )– 19001801 – Brigham Young , American Mormon leader (d. 1877 )1804 – Mikhail Glinka , Russian composer (d. 1857 )1814 – Charles Anderson , 27th Governor of Ohio (d. 1895 )1815 – King Otto of Greece (d. 1862 )1819 – Francis V , Duke of Modena (d. 1875 )1825 – John Hunt Morgan , American general (d. 1864 )1831 – John Bell Hood , American general (d. 1879 )1833 – John Marshall Harlan , Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court (d. 1911 )1843 – Henry Faulds , Scottish fingerprinting pioneer (d. 1930 )1844 – Vasily Polenov , Russian painter (d. 1921 )1850 – Sami Frashëri , Albanian writer (d. 1904 )1875 – Carl Severing , German politician (d. 1952 )1878 – John Masefield , English novelist and poet (d. 1967 )1879 – Max Emmerich , American athlete and gymnast (d. 1956 )1882 – Nicolae Bivol , Moldovan politician (d. 1940 )1889 – James Daugherty , American painter, illustrator and writer (d. 1974 )1889 – Charles Kay Ogden , book writer who created the idea of Basic English 1957 )1890 – Frank Morgan , American actor (d. 1949 )1898 – Molly Picon , American actress (d. 1992 )– 19501901 – Hap Day , Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1990 )1905 – Robert Newton , English stage and movie actor (d. 1956 )1907 – Frank Whittle , English aircraft engineer (d. 1996 )1912 – Herbert Tichy , Austrian mountaineer (d. 1987 )1917 – William Standish Knowles , American chemist (d. 2012 )1921 – Nelson Riddle , American arranger, composer and bandleader (d. 1985 )1922 – Povel Ramel , Swedish entertainer (d. 2007 )1922 – Joan Caulfield , American actress (d. 1991 )1922 – Joan Copeland , American actress1926 – Andy Griffith , American actor (d. 2012 )1926 – Marilyn Monroe , American actress (d. 1962 )1926 – Richard Schweiker , American politician (d. 2015 )1928 – Bob Monkhouse , British comedian (d. 2003 )1928 – Steve Dodd , Australian actor (d. 2014 )1928 – Larry Zeidel , Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2014 )1928 – Georgy Dobrovolsky , Soviet cosmonaut (d. 1971 )1929 – Nargis , Indian actress (d. 1981 )1930 – Kei Kumai , Japanese director (d. 2007 )1930 – Richard Levins , American scientist (d. 2016 )1930 – Edward Woodward , British actor (d. 2009 )1931 – Hal Smith , American baseball player (d. 2014 )1933 – Sandy D'Alemberte , American lawyer, professor and politician (d. 2019 )1933 – Haruo Remeliik , 1st President of Palau (d. 1985 )1933 – Charles Wilson , American politician (d. 2010 )1934 – Pat Boone , American singer1935 – Norman Foster , British architect 1935 – Hazel Dickens , American singer, songwriter and musician1937 – Colleen McCullough , Australian author (d. 2015 )1937 – Ezio Pascutti , Italian footballer (d. 2017 )1937 – Morgan Freeman , American actor1938 – Carlo Caffarra , Italian Roman Catholic Archbishop of Bologna and cardinal (d. 2017 )1940 – Kip Thorne , American theoretical physicist 1941 – Toyo Ito , Japanese architect 1941 – Alexander V. Zakharov , Russian physicist and astronomer 1942 – Fernando Atzori , Italian boxer1942 – Eric Nagler, Canadian children's musician1944 – Robert Powell , British actor1945 – Frederica von Stade , American operatic mezzo-soprano1946 – Brian Cox , Scottish actor1947 – Jan Harvey , British actress1947 – Jonathan Pryce , Welsh actor1947 – Ronnie Wood , British musician (Rolling Stones )1947 – Ron Dennis , British businessman1948 – Powers Boothe , American actor (d. 2017 )1948 – Aruna Shanbaug , Indian nurse (d. 2015 )1950 – Tim Bishop , American politician1950 – Gemma Craven , Irish actress and singer – 19751952 – Senol Gunes , Turkish football manager1953 – Ronnie Dunn , American country musician 1953 – Tim Bentinck, 12th Earl of Portland , English actor and peer1953 – David Berkowitz , American serial killer (Son of Sam )1955 – Chiyonofuji Mitsugu , Japanese sumo wrestler (d. 2016 )1955 – Tony Snow , American journalist (d. 2008 )1956 – François Chérèque , French labor unionist (d. 2017 )1956 – Lisa Hartman-Black , American Actress & singer1956 – Peter Tomka , Slovakian jurist & diplomat1958 – Nambaryn Enkhbayar , 3rd President of Mongolia 1959 – Alan Wilder , English singer, musician, producer and composer1959 – Martin Brundle , British racecar driver1960 – Simon Gallup , British musician (The Cure )1960 – Vladimir Krutov , Soviet-Russian ice hockey player (d. 2012 )1960 – Sergey Kuznetsov , Soviet-Russian footballer 1960 – Giorgos Lillikas , Cypriot politician1960 – Einar Vilhjálmsson , Icelandic javelin thrower1961 – Paul Coffey , Canadian ice hockey player1961 – Peter Machajdik , Slovakian-German composer 1963 – Mike Joyce , British musician (The Smiths )1965 – Larisa Lazutina , Russian cross-country skier 1965 – Nigel Short , British chess player1965 – Olga Nazarova , Russian athlete1966 – Abel Balbo , Argentine footballer 1967 – Roger Sanchez , American producer and DJ 1968 – Jason Donovan , Australian actor and singer1968 – Karen Mulder , Dutch model and singer1968 – Jeff Hackett , Canadian ice hockey player1968 – Mathias Rust , German pilot 1970 – Alexi Lalas , American soccer player1970 – Andrea Fay Friedman , American actress1971 – Mario Cimarro , Cuban-American actor1971 – Ghil'ad Zuckermann , linguist1972 – Daniel Casey , English actor1973 – Adam Garcia , Australian actor1973 – Heidi Klum , German model1973 – René Zagger , English actor1974 – Alanis Morissette , Canadian singer 1974 – Michael Rasmussen , Danish cyclist 1974 – Sarah Teather , British politician1975 – Kate Magowan , American actress1975 – Frauke Petry , German chemist and politicianFrom 1976
1976 – Marlon Devonish , British athlete1977 – Sarah Wayne Callies , American actress1977 – Danielle Harris , American actress1977 – Brad Wilkerson , American baseball player1980 – Oliver James , British musician and actor1981 – Amy Schumer , American comedienne , writer and actress 1981 – Carlos Zambrano , Venezuelan –American baseball player1982 – Justine Henin , Belgian tennis player1983 – Hannah Bardell , Scottish politician1984 – Naidangiin Tuvshinbayar , Mongolian athlete1984 – Jean Beausejour , Chilean footballer 1984 – Stéphane Sessègnon , Beninese footballer 1985 – Mário Hipólito , Angolan footballer 1985 – José Fernando Cuadrado , Colombian footballer 1985 – Tirunesh Dibaba , Ethiopian runner1986 – Dayana Mendoza , Venezuelan model1986 – Chinedu Obasi , Nigerian footballer 1987 – Juan Hernández , Mexican footballer 1987 – Zoltán Harsányi , Slovakian footballer 1988 – Nami Tamaki , Japanese pop singer1988 – Javier Hernández Balcázar , Mexican footballer 1989 – Samuel Inkoom , Ghanaian footballer 1990 – Bianca Perie , Romanian hammer thrower1992 – Jenna McDougall , Australian singer-songwriter 1992 – Kira Plastinina , Russian fashion designer 1996 – Tom Holland , English actor2000 – Willow Shields , American actress2003 – Emjay Anthony , American actor and model2004 – Krisia Todorova , Bulgarian singer2008_ Sarah Thompson - Muslim Saudi Arabian origin Voice actress2024 - Margaret And Zara Kanic- Muslim girls who are Mick Kanic and Princess Vieira's Twin daughtersDeaths
Up to 1900
195 BC – Gaozu of Han of China (born 256 BC or 247 BC )193 – Marcus Severus Didius Julianus , Roman Emperor (b. 133 )657 – Pope Eugene I 1432 – Dan II of Wallachia 1434 – Wladislaus II of Poland (b. 1362 )1571 – John Story , English martyr (b. 1504 )1616 – Tokugawa Ieyasu , Japanese shogun (b. 1543 )1660 – Mary Dyer , English-born Quaker (b. 1611 )1740 – Samuel Werenfels , Swiss theologian (b. 1657 )1769 – Edward Holyoke , American clergyman (b. 1689 )1795 – Pierre-Joseph Desault , French anatomist (b. 1744 )1823 – Louis-Nicolas Davout , French marshal (b. 1770 )1826 – Jean Frédéric Oberlin , Alsatian pastor (b. 1740 )1830 – Swaminarayan , Indian Hindu figure (b. 1751 )1841 – Nicolas Appert , French inventor (b. 1749 )1846 – Pope Gregory XVI (born 1765 )1864 – Hong Xiuquan , Chinese rebel (b. 1820 )1868 – James Buchanan , 15th President of the United States (born 1791 )1872 – James Gordon Bennett , American newspaper publisher (b. 1795 )1873 – Joseph Howe , 5th Premier of Nova Scotia (b. 1804 )1876 – Hristo Botev , Bulgarian revolutionary (born 1848 )1879 – Napoléon Eugène, Prince Imperial of France (b. 1856 )1899 – Klaus Groth , German poet and writer (b. 1819 )– 20001904 – George Frederic Watts , English painter (b. 1817 )1927 – Lizzie Borden , American suspected murderess (b. 1860 )1927 – J. B. Bury , Irish historian (born 1861 )1938 – Odon V. Horvath , Austro-Hungarian writer (b. 1901 )1941 – Hugh Walpole , New Zealand-English writer (b. 1884 )1943 – Leslie Howard , English actor (born 1893 )1946 – Ion Antonescu , Romanian prime minister and dictator (born 1882 )1948 – Sonny Boy Williamson , American blues musician (born 1914 )1952 – John Dewey , American philosopher (born 1859 )1955 – Kathleen, Duchess of Newcastle (b. 1872 )1959 – Sax Rohmer , English writer (born 1883 )1960 – Lester Patrick , Canadian ice hockey player and coach (born 1883 )1965 – Curly Lambeau , American football player and coach (b. 1898 )1966 – Papa Jack Laine , American jazz musician (born 1873 )1968 – Helen Keller , American humanitarian (born 1880 )1969 – Ivar Ballangrud , Norwegian ice skater (born 1904 )1971 – Reinhold Niebuhr , American theologian (born 1892 )1979 – Werner Forssmann , German physician (born 1904 )1980 – Rube Marquard , American Baseball Hall of Famer (born 1886 )1981 – Carl Vinson , United States Congressman (born 1883 )1983 – Prince Charles, Count of Flanders , Belgian royal (b. 1903 )1983 – Anna Seghers , German writer (b. 1900 )1985 – Gaston Rébuffat , French mountaineer (b. 1921 )1987 – Rashid Karami , 32nd Prime Minister of Lebanon (b. 1921 )1991 – David Ruffin , American singer (b. 1941 )1994 – Frances Heflin , American soap opera actress (born 1923 )1996 – Neelam Sanjiva Reddy , President of India (born 1913 )1998 – Gottfried Dienst , Swiss football referee (born 1919 )1999 – Christopher Cockerell , British engineer and inventor (born 1910 )2000 – Tito Puente , American musician and composer (born 1923 )From 2001
2001 – Hank Ketcham , American cartoonist, creator of Dennis the Menace (b. 1920 )2001 – King Birendra of Nepal (b. 1945 ) (shot)2001 – Queen Aiswarya of Nepal (b. 1949 ) (shot)2002 – Hansie Cronje , South African cricketer (b. 1969 )2004 – William Manchester , American biographer and novelist (b. 1922 )2004 – Satomi Mitarai , Japanese student, murdered by a classmate 2005 – George Mikan , American basketball player (b. 1924 )2008 – Yves Saint Laurent , French fashion designer (b. 1936 )2008 – Tommy Lapid , Israeli journalist and politician (b. 1931 )2009 – Silvio Barbato , Italian-Brazilian opera conductor and composer (b. 1959 ) (Air France Flight 447 )2010 – Andrey Voznesensky , Russian poet (b. 1933 )2010 – Kazuo Ohno , Japanese dancer (b. 1906 )2011 – Haleh Sahabi , Iranian human rights activist (b. 1957 )2014 – Ann B. Davis , American actress (b. 1926 )2014 – Karlheinz Hackl , Austrian actor (b. 1949 )2014 – Jay Lake , American author (b. 1964 )2015 – Joan Kirner , Australian politician , Premier of Victoria (b. 1938 )2015 – Shone An , Taiwanese singer and actor (b. 1983 )2015 – Nobutaka Machimura , Japanese politician (b. 1944 )2015 – Charles Kennedy , Scottish politician , former leader of the Liberal Democrats (b. 1959 )2015 – Jacques Parizeau , Canadian politician , 26th Premier of Quebec (b. 1930 )2015 – Nicholas Liverpool , 6th President of Dominica (b. 1934 )2015 – Jean Ritchie , American folk singer (b. 1922 )2015 – Kirill Pokrovsky , Russian composer (b. 1962 )2016 – Razak Khan , Indian actor (b. 1954 )2016 – Roger Enrico , American businessman (b. 1944 )2016 – Boyce F. Martin, Jr. , American judge (b. 1935 )2017 – Roy Barraclough , English actor (b. 1935 )2017 – Tankred Dorst , German playwright (b. 1925 )2017 – Alois Mock , Austrian politician (b. 1934 )2017 – Roberto De Vicenzo , Argentine golfer (b. 1923 )2017 – Jack McCloskey , American basketball player (b. 1925 )2017 – J. B. Dauda , Sierra Leonean politician (b. 1942 )2017 – Sonja Sutter , German actress (b. 1931 )2017 – José Greci , Italian actress (b. 1941 )2017 – Rosa Taikon , Swedish activist, silversmith and actress (b. 1926 )2018 – Poldy Bird , Argentine writer (b. 1941 )2018 – Jean-Claude Boulard , French politician (b. 1943 )2018 – Eddy Clearwater , American blues singer (b. 1935 )2018 – Jill Ker Conway , Australian-American author (b. 1934 )2018 – Hilmar Hoffmann , German film and culture academic (b. 1925 )2018 – John Julius Norwich , English historian (b. 1929 )2018 – William Edward Phipps , American actor (b. 1922 )2018 – Bob Clotworthy , American diver (b. 1931 )2018 – Rockin' Rebel , American professional wrestler (b. 1966 )2018 – Dhiraj Choudhury , Indian painter (b. 1936 )2018 – Razan al-Najjar , Pakistani nurse (b. 1996 )2019 – Leah Chase , American chef (b. 1923 )2019 – John Meyers , English radio executive (b. 1959 )2019 – José Antonio Reyes , Spanish footballer (b. 1983 )2019 – Michel Serres , French philosopher , theorist and writer (b. 1930 )2019 – Ani Yudhoyono , Indonesian First Lady (b. 1952 )2023 – Anna Shay , American socialite, businesswoman and television personality (Bling Empire 2024_ Prince Mark Al Osman- Ninja Steel: Maintenance Robots (b. 1927)