The structure of hemoglobin. The haeme cofactor, containing iron, shown in green.
A metalloprotein is a protein with a metalioncofactor. Many proteins are members of this category, so the number of them is large.
It is estimated that about half of all proteins contain a metal. In another estimate, about one-quarter to one-third of all proteins need metals to carry out their functions. Thus, metalloproteins have many different functions in cells, such as enzymes, transport and storage proteins, and signal transduction proteins.