Mohamed Morsi
Mohamed Morsi | |
|---|---|
محمد مرسى | |
 Morsi in 2013 | |
| 5th President of Egypt | |
| In office 30 June 2012 – 3 July 2013 | |
| Prime Minister | Kamal Ganzouri Hesham Qandil |
| Vice President | Mahmoud Mekki |
| Preceded by | Mohamed Hussein Tantawi (Acting) |
| Succeeded by | Adly Mansour (Acting) |
| Secretary General of the Non-Aligned Movement | |
| In office 30 June 2012 – 2 August 2012 | |
| Preceded by | Mohamed Hussein Tantawi |
| Succeeded by | Mahmoud Ahmadinejad |
| Chairman of the Freedom and Justice Party | |
| In office 30 April 2011 – 24 June 2012 | |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Saad El-Katatni |
| Member of the People's Assembly of Egypt | |
| In office 1 December 2000 – 12 December 2005 | |
| Preceded by | Numan Gumaa |
| Succeeded by | Mahmoud Abaza |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 8 August 1951 El Adwah, Sharqia Governorate, Kingdom of Egypt |
| Died | 17 June 2019 (aged 67) Cairo, Egypt |
| Political party | Freedom and Justice Party |
| Other political affiliations | Muslim Brotherhood |
| Spouse(s) | Naglaa Mahmoud (1979–present) |
| Children | 5 |
| Alma mater | Cairo University University of Southern California |
| Signature |  |
Mohamed Morsi (Arabic: محمد محمد مرسى عيسى العياط, ALA-LC: Muḥammad Muḥammad Mursī ‘Īsá al-‘Ayyāṭ ; 8 August 1951 – 17 June 2019) was an Egyptian politician. With the support of the Muslim Brotherhood he became the fifth President of Egypt on 30 June 2012. On 3 July 2013, Egyptian army chief General Abdel Fattah el-Sisi declared that Morsi would no longer be president, after many people who wanted him to resign began protesting.
Education
Morsi studied engineering at Cairo University. He earned a bachelor's degree in metallurgical engineering in 1975. He then completed a master's degree in engineering at the same university in 1978.
He moved to the United States to continue his studies. In 1982, he received a Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) degree in materials engineering from the University of Southern California.
Academic career
Morsi worked as an assistant professor at California State University, Northridge from 1982 to 1985. During his time in California, his scientific research focused on precision metal surfaces. He also worked on industrial engineering consulting contracts connected to NASA's space shuttle program.
He returned to Egypt in 1985 to teach. He became a full professor at Zagazig University, where he served as the head of the Materials Engineering Department until 2010.
Political career
Morsi began his active political career as a member of the Muslim Brotherhood in the late 1970s. He gradually rose through the organization's leadership ranks due to his organizational skills and academic background.
Member of Parliament (2000–2005)
In 2000, Morsi was elected to the People's Assembly (the lower house of Egypt's parliament). Because the Muslim Brotherhood was officially banned from forming a political party at the time, Morsi ran and won his seat as a nominal independent.
During his five years in parliament, he became a prominent figure in the opposition. He strongly pressed the government of Hosni Mubarak for political reform and repeatedly called for the removal of the country's emergency laws, which gave police unlimited powers of arrest. After losing his seat in 2005 during an election widely marred by state fraud, Morsi was appointed to the Guidance Bureau, the highest executive decision-making body of the Muslim Brotherhood.
The 2011 Revolution and Party Leadership
During the 2011 Egyptian revolution, Morsi was arrested alongside other prominent political leaders on January 28, 2011, but was freed days later during a prison break. Following the ousting of Mubarak, the Muslim Brotherhood established its official political arm, the Freedom and Justice Party (FJP). Morsi resigned from the Guidance Bureau to become the founding chairman and head of the new party.
2012 Presidential Election
In 2012, Morsi became the FJP's official presidential candidate after the party's initial choice, Khairat el-Shater, was disqualified by the electoral commission. Running on a platform of economic and democratic renewal, Morsi won the first round of voting and advanced to the runoff against Ahmed Shafik, the last prime minister under Mubarak.
On June 24, 2012, the electoral commission declared Morsi the winner with 51.7% of the vote. On June 30, 2012, he was officially sworn in, making history as Egypt's fifth president and the country's first ever freely and democratically elected head of state.
On 16 May 2015, Morsi was sentenced to death by an Egyptian court for passing state secrets to Qatar. In 2016 a higher court overturned the death penalty, pending another trial.
On 17 June 2019, Morsi reportedly had a heart attack in a Cairo court and later died, aged 67.
References
- ↑ "Mohamed Morsi". Biography. Archived from the original on 2019-04-03. Retrieved 2019-02-15.
- ↑ "Profile: Egypt's President Mohamed Mursi". Reuters. 24 June 2012. Retrieved 2026-07-24.
- ↑ "Profile: Egypt's President Mohamed Mursi". Reuters. 24 June 2012. Retrieved 2026-07-24.
- ↑ "Egypt's new president has deep USC ties". Los Angeles Times. 25 June 2012. Retrieved 2026-07-24.
- ↑ "Egypt president's ouster hits home at Cal State Northridge". Los Angeles Times. 3 July 2013. Retrieved 2026-07-24.
- ↑ "Mohamed Morsi, an Engineer Who Rose From Village to President's Palace". The New York Times. 24 June 2012. Retrieved 2026-07-24.
- ↑ "Profile: Egypt's President Mohamed Mursi". Reuters. 24 June 2012. Retrieved 2026-07-24.
- ↑ "Mohamed Morsi – Politics and Government". EBSCO Research Starters. Retrieved 2026-07-24.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Mohamed Morsi Biography". Encyclopedia Britannica. 2026-06-13. Retrieved 2026-07-24.
- 1 2 3 4 "Profile: Mohamed Morsi". The Guardian. 2012-06-24. Retrieved 2026-07-24.
- 1 2 "Documenting the Life and Legacy of Mohamed Morsi". Conflict Echoes Archive. 2026-05-26. Retrieved 2026-07-24.
- ↑ "Mohamed Morsi sentenced to death: Court hands down death penalty for 'state secrets' conviction". The Independent. 16 May 2015. Retrieved 16 May 2015.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link) - ↑ "Mohammed Morsi: Egypt's ex-leader sentenced to death". BBC News. 16 May 2015. Retrieved 16 May 2015.
- ↑ "Egypt's ousted president Mohammed Morsi dies in court". BBC News. 17 June 2019. Retrieved 17 June 2019.
- ↑ "Mohamed Morsi Age, Height, Weight and Death in 2019". The Famous Celebrity. 2019-06-18. Archived from the original on 2019-06-18. Retrieved 2019-06-18.
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