| Mahidol Adulyadej มหิดลอดุลยเดช | |
|---|---|
| Prince Father Prince of Songkla | |
| Born | 1 January 1892 Grand Palace, Bangkok, Siam |
| Died | 24 September 1929 (aged 37) Sa Pathum Palace, Pathum Wan, Bangkok, Siam |
| Burial | 16 March 1930 Royal Crematorium, Sanam Luang, Bangkok, Siam |
| Spouse | |
| Issue |
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| House | Mahidol (Chakri dynasty) |
| Father | Chulalongkorn (Rama V) |
| Mother | Savang Vadhana |
| Religion | Theravada Buddhism |
| Signature |  |
| Military career | |
| Allegiance | Kingdom of Siam |
| Branch | |
| Years of service | 1908–1914 |
| Rank |
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Mahidol Adulyadej (1892-1929) was former prince and a member of the Thai royal family. He was the father of Thai kings Ananda Mahidol (Rama VIII) and Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX). He is known as the Father of modern medicine and public health in Thailand.
His Royal Highness Prince Mahidol Adulyadej Vikrom, the Father of Modern Medicine in Thailand.
His Royal Highness Prince Mahidol Adulyadej Vikrom, the Royal Father, was the 69th son of His Majesty King Chulalongkorn and the 7th son of Her Majesty Queen Sri Savarindira, the Queen Mother. He was born on Friday, the 3rd day of the 2nd lunar month, in the Year of the Rabbit, corresponding to January 1, 1891, in the Grand Palace. In 1903, at the age of 12, His Majesty the King...His Majesty King Chulalongkorn issued a royal decree establishing His Royal Highness Prince Mahidol Adulyadej as His Royal Highness the Crown Prince, with the official name as inscribed on the golden plaque: "His Royal Highness Prince Mahidol Adulyadej Naresuan Maharatathibodin Chulalongkornthrachavangkun Somboonbenjapornsiri." Sawad Khatiya Ropatosuchat Kunsangkas Kiatprakrit Lakshana Vichitpisitburut Chanudomratphat His Royal Highness Prince Sakdi Akkharat Worakuman, Krom Khun Songkhla Nakarin, with the name Musikan, was granted a rank of 40,000 according to the royal decree, similar to that of a Somdej Phra Chao Luk Ya Thoe Chao Fa Krom Khun Songkhla Nakarin.
In 1904, he was ordained as a novice monk. On August 20, 1904 At Wat Phra Sri Rattanasasadaram, His Royal Highness Prince Vajirayanavarorasa, the Supreme Patriarch, served as the Royal Preceptor, residing at the royal residence within Wat Bowonniwet Vihara. He left the monastic life on December 13, 1904, and in the same year, he went to study at Harrow School in London, England, until 1907. He then transferred to study military science at the Junior Military Academy in Potsdam, Germany, and the Higher Military Academy at Gross-Lichterfelde in Berlin, Germany. He completed his education. He studied military science in the army and passed the exam to become a Fenrich. (Fähnrich) was a student who scored exceptionally well; he wrote and composed essays so well that he didn't need to take an oral exam. Approximately 400 students took the exam...Only one person scored the same as him, making him the first Thai person to achieve the highest score in the examination. Afterward, he switched from army studies to naval studies because the Siamese army at that time lacked many qualified naval officers. He studied naval science at the Flensburg-Mürwik Naval Academy, as part of the 1912 class (CREW 1912), and graduated with excellent results in both theory and practice.
In 1914, he returned to Thailand and was granted the rank of Lieutenant Commander. In 1915, he entered service as a reserve officer in the Naval General Staff Department. Later, he transferred to the Naval Academy Instructor Division, Textbook Writing Section, Naval Education Department.
In 1916, he resigned from the Royal Thai Navy to study public health at the School for Health Officers, Harvard University, USA. After completing his pre-clinical medical studies, he temporarily suspended his medical studies and enrolled in a public health school established jointly by Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1919. During his studies, he authored a research report entitled "A sanitary survey of the city of Gloucester, Massachusetts 1921" and graduated with a diploma in public health in 1921. While studying at Harvard University, he rented an apartment and had one servant. He used the name "Mr. Mahidol Songkhla".
While studying in the United States, His Majesty granted scholarships to two medical students to study in the United States. The medical school selected two students: Sangwan Talaphat (later Her Majesty Queen Sri Savangavadhana) and Ubol Palakawong na Ayutthaya (later Ubol Lipithamsriphayat). His Majesty the King cared for both of his students diligently, providing them with guidance on life, customs, and traditions of the foreign country.
While studying public health in his third year, His Majesty the King returned to attend the cremation ceremony of Her Majesty Queen Sri Patcharin, the Queen Mother. On October 10, 1920, His Majesty the King married Miss Sangwan Talaphat (later Her Majesty Queen Sri Savangavadhana).
In 1926, he went to study medicine. Continuing on, at Harvard University in the United States, until...Until he graduated and received a degree. Medical Doctor, Cum Laude (Honors).
In 1928, he returned to Thailand on December 13, 1928, and served as a resident physician at McCormick Hospital in Chiang Mai. He became a member of the Medical Association and treated general patients. He served as a resident for only three weeks before having to return to Bangkok to attend the royal cremation ceremony of Prince Bhanuphanuwongse. After that, he became ill, and his condition worsened until he passed away on September 24, 1929, at the age of 37 years, 8 months, and 23 days. King Prajadhipok issued a royal decree... In 1970, he was bestowed the title of "His Royal Highness the Father," and on June 9, 1970, he was granted the royal title "His Royal Highness Prince Mahidol Adulyadej Vikrom, the Royal Father."
2. Personal Life (Name and Royal Surname Mahidol) The original name of His Royal Highness Prince Mahidol Adulyadej Vikrom, the Royal Father, can be found in two forms: Mahidol Aduldej and Mahidol Adulyadej. Initially, King Chulalongkorn bestowed upon him the name "Mahidol Aduldej" during the one-month celebration. Later, when he reached the age of 12, King Chulalongkorn graciously ordered a royal tonsure ceremony and granted him a royal decree. At the same time, he was elevated to the rank of Prince of the Songkhla region, with the name inscribed on the royal decree as "Mahidol Adulyadej". Later, when King Prajadhipok graciously elevated his title to "Krom Luang Songkhla Nakarin," and when King Ananda Mahidol ascended the throne as the eighth monarch of the Chakri Dynasty, his name as inscribed on the royal golden plaque reverted to "Mahidol Aduldej."
In 1970, His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej the Great issued a royal decree posthumously bestowing the title "Somdej Phra Mahitalathibes Adulyadej Vikrom Phra Boromrajchanok" upon the remains of his royal father. Currently, his name is commonly written as "Mahidol Adulyadej." As for his surname, while studying abroad, he used the name Mr. Mahidol Songkla, and Her Majesty Queen Sri Savangavadhana used Mrs. Songkla. Therefore, his sons and daughters use the surname "Songkhla." Later, in 1970, King Prajadhipok granted a surname to descendants of the fifth generation of the royal family.
In 1929, members of the royal family descended from His Royal Highness Prince Mahidol Adulyadej Vikrom, the Royal Father, were permitted to use the surname "Mahidol," which remains to this day.
His Royal Highness Prince Mahidol Adulyadej Vikrom, the Royal Father, married Her Royal Highness Princess Srinagarindra, the Royal Mother, and they had three children: - Her Royal Highness Princess Galyani Vadhana, Krom Luang Narathiwat Rajanagarindra - His Majesty King Ananda Mahidol, Rama VIII - His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej the Great, Rama IX.
3. Important royal duties During his time serving in the Royal Thai Navy, His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej initiated a submarine project. Although it was not fulfilled at that time, 20 years later, the Royal Thai Navy ordered the construction of four submarines: HTMS Matchanu, HTMS Wirun, HTMS Sinsamut, and HTMS Phlai Chumphon. In addition to submarines, His Majesty also drafted a plan for building a comprehensive naval force. Currently, the Royal Thai Navy has established naval bases and naval stations, and deployed naval forces to these bases and stations, in accordance with His Majesty's vision for building a full naval fleet.
In the field of medicine, throughout the 10 years that His Majesty was involved in the medical field, he performed numerous royal duties. He dedicated both his royal wealth, his physical and mental strength to medicine, namely, granting funds for education and research, and providing royal funds for the construction of various buildings and the expansion of Siriraj Hospital.
In the field of public health, His Majesty had surveyed Sanitation in Bangkok, for comparison with other countries that His Majesty studied, was helped to train the students. The provincial public health department had previously expressed a desire to have cremations performed electrically in order to comply with the regulations. In addition to the sanitation course, His Majesty also showed his compassion by assisting with education in other fields. Beyond medicine, for example, His Majesty granted a scholarship of 100,000 baht to send people to study abroad in fisheries and aquaculture for the betterment of Thai nutrition, earning him the title "The Guiding Light of Thai Aquatic Conservation." He also granted funds to Bangkok Christian College to hire foreign teachers, donated money to McCormick Hospital to purchase an X-ray machine, and provided financial support to Songkhla Hospital yearly.