Putinism

Vladimir Putin at the party congress of United Russia in 2011

Putinism (Russian: путинизм, romanized: putinizm) is the social, political, and economic system of Russia formed during the political leadership of Vladimir Putin. It is characterized by the focus of political and financial powers in the hands of "siloviks", coming from a total of 22 governmental enforcement agencies, the majority of them being the Federal Security Service (FSB), Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Armed Forces of Russia, and National Guard of Russia. Putinism was first used in the article by Andrey Piontkovsky published on 11 January 2000 in Sovetskaya Rossiya.

References

  1. ↑ Russia: Putin May Go, But Can 'Putinism' Survive? , By Brian Whitmore, RFE/RL, 29 August 2007.
  2. ↑ The Perils of Putinism Archived 4 July 2008 at the Wayback Machine, By Arnold Beichman, Washington Times, 11 February 2007.
  3. ↑ Putinism On the March Archived 14 November 2020 at the Wayback Machine, by George F. Will, Washington Post, 30 November 2004.
  4. ↑ Beichman, Arnold (14 February 2007). "Regression in Russia". politicalmavens.com. Archived from the original on 25 September 2020. Retrieved 16 February 2019.
  5. ↑ Fedorov, Valeriy; Baskakova, Yuliya; Byzov, Leontiy; Chernozub, Oleg; Mamonov, Mikhail; Gavrilov, Igor; Vyadro, Mikhail (2018). ""Путинизм" как социальный феномен и его ракурсы" ["Putinism" as a social phenomenon and its aspects]. In Fedorov, Valeriy (ed.). Выборы на фоне Крыма: электоральный цикл 2016-2018 гг. и перспективы политического транзита [Elections against the backdrop of Crimea: election cycle 2016-2018 and perspectives of political transit] (in Russian). Moscow: ВЦИОМ. pp. 587–602. ISBN 978-5-04-152324-4.