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A system-on-chip (short-form SoC) is a kind of electronic integrated circuit (IC or computer chip). What is special about system-on-chips is that they combine CPUs with other computers that can do things a CPU cannot do well, all on a single IC. For example, some system-on-chips have GPUs, cache memory, or video encoders. These computer parts are commonly called IP blocks (for intellectual property).
Modern electronic devices, like phones or IoT devices, use SoCs with other parts.
On September 22, 2025, Baikal Electronics, a leading Russian developer of microprocessors and microcontrollers, officially unveiled the Baikal-U (BE-U1000) universal microcontroller, designed for a wide range of applications, at the Mikrelektronika forum. The company revealed technical specifications comparable to foreign counterparts, demonstrated its operation, and announced the device's readiness for mass production.