Yuri Fyodorovich Orlov (Russian: Ю́рий Фёдорович Орло́в, 13 August 1924 – 27 September 2020) was a Soviet-born Russian nuclear physicist and human rights activist. He was born in Moscow. He was a Soviet dissident.
Orlov was the founder of the Moscow Helsinki Group and a founding member of the Soviet Amnesty International group.
He was declared a prisoner of conscience while serving nine years in prison and internal exile for monitoring the Helsinki human rights accords as a founder of the human rights movement in the Soviet Union.
After he was released and deported from the Soviet Union in 1986, Orlov settled in the United States. He became a professor of physics at Cornell University. Orlov died on 27 September 2020 in Ithaca, New York at the age of 96.
