Wikipedia:Lua/Modul/WikidataScheme/Specification

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This page describes the data structure used for a WikidataScheme specification.

The structure applies to both JSON and Lua table.

A root element is to be provided.

Building blocks

EntityName

This can be either:

A Wikidata entity ID, beginning with P, Q, L and followed by digits: Q1
A symbolic name.
- This is required to be resolved by NameResolver.

NameResolver

This is a mapping table resolve in root element which assigns:

symbolic name
mapping table as follows:
- assign a number to (at least) one of the components P, Q, L.
- Basically more than one component may be present, but the first one found in that order will be used.

The motivation to use a symbolic name is:

The thematic description becomes more intuitive; described by self explaining words only.
An entity used in several places may change pointer at once.
The assignment may differ in development. Just apply another resolving map. Actually there are three different Wikibase installations available:
1. Productive Wikidata – https://www.wikidata.org/
2. WMF test Wikidata – https://test.wikidata.org/
3. BETA Wikidata (wmflabs) – https://wikidata.beta.wmflabs.org/

Naturally, all expected symbolic names are to be resolved, otherwise an error is shown in displayed table.

The JSON function may be used to resolve all symbolic names and generates pretty formatted JSON with entity IDs only.

TextVariant

This can be either:

A string, with Wikidata entity ID only, beginning with P, Q, L and followed by digits (label will be used)
A string, with constant text otherwise
A mapping table, which assigns an ISO 639 / BCP47 key to a text string.
- There should be always present at least: { "en": "Fallback text" }
- In addition to language codes, the following two components are processed:
  - class
    
    Sequence table (array) or string with class names for this text element
    
    style
    
    Mapping table or string with CSS for this text element

The resulting strings may contain balanced basic markup:

For italic and bold, '' and ''' wikisyntax
Internal links, with [[w:de:double bracket]] syntax, beginning with global project prefix.
External links, with [http://single bracket] syntax, beginning with protocol http https ftp.
Whitelisted HTML elements, like span div bdi bdo code pre ul ol li dl dt dd em strong b i table caption tr th td.

Entry

This is used for both claims and rather similar for qualifiers.

Sequence table, with each element as mapping table of the following (mostly optional) components:
subject

Property name, P-number or symbolic name resolved by NameResolver as P-number.

Mandatory.

intro

General description, introduction

TextVariant

state

One of: "required", "suggested", "deprecated", otherwise "optional"

values

Sequence table (array) of mapping tables.

Each element with the optional components in Detail.

example

Example value, text

TextVariant

terminate

Final remarks

TextVariant

class

Sequence table (array) or string with class names for entire unit

style

Mapping table or string with CSS for entire unit

Detail

One single value of statement.
Sequence table, with each element as mapping table of the following optional components:
intro

q

The one and only permitted value as item

EntityName as Q-number.

Must not be used together with qlist.

qlist
Sequence table (array) of items, each of them:
- Item, as EntityName as Q-number.
- Last element may be true which indicates that other items than explicitly mentioned are permitted as well.
Must not be used together with q.

qualifiers

Permitted within claims.values only.

Sequence table, of Qualifier each.

example

terminate

Qualifier

This is rather similar to claims.

One single qualifier.
Element of a sequence table, with each element as mapping table of the following (mostly optional) components:
subject

Mandatory.

state

intro

q

if not qlist

qlist

if not q

example

terminate

Root Element

Using all definitions of building blocks, the specification is defined as follows:

Mapping table created from the following optional components:
caption

Table or gadget title

TextVariant

onLabel

Naming convention and expectations on label text

TextVariant

onDesc

Formatting and expectations on description text

TextVariant

onAlias

Formatting and expectations on aliases texts

TextVariant

claims

Statements (actually mandatory)

Sequence table of Entry

footer

Terminating hints, remarks, legend

TextVariant

id

string, selector for entire table

class

Sequence table (array) or string with class names for entire table

style

Mapping table or string with CSS for entire table

options

Mapping table, override local /config

resolve

Mandatory if symbolic names occurring.

NameResolver
While all components are optional a specification without claims is pointless.
More components are permitted but not evaluated.

JSON and Lua

A mapping table in Lua is an object { } in JSON.
A sequence table in Lua is an Array [ ] in JSON.
Both textual JSON and Lua tables may be provided.
Lua specifications may be passed by general module call, or by providing a generating mw.loadData() page name.
A number of specifications may be created programmatically, e.g. fundamentals of a human being, then forking into opera singer, rock & pop musicians, composer, painter, writer, …

Example

{ "@generated": "2026-10-25T21:02:53+01:00",
  "@format": "WikidataScheme 2019-12-16",
  "claims": [
    { "subject": "instance",
      "state":   "required",
      "values":  [
                   {
        "qlist": [ "template",
                   "module",
                   "gadget",
                   "dataStruct",
                   true ]
                   }
                 ]
    },
    { "subject": "proglang",
      "state":   "suggested",
      "values":  [
                   {
        "qlist": [ "lua",
                   "javascript",
                   "css" ]
                   }
                 ]
    },
    { "subject": "source",
      "state":   "suggested",
      "values":  [
                   {
        "intro": "Q42253",
        "qualifiers": [
          { "subject": "protocol",
            "state":   "required",
            "q": "https"
          },
          { "subject": "host",
            "state":   "optional",
            "qlist": [ "enwiki",
                       "dewiki",
                       "mediawikiwiki",
                       "git",
                       true ]
          },
          { "subject": "dataFormat",
            "state":   "optional",
            "qlist": [ "json",
                       true ]
          }
                      ]
                   }
                 ]
    },
    { "subject": "version",
      "state":   "suggested",
      "values":  [
                   {
        "intro": {
          "de": "Versionsbezeichnung größer als die vorangehende",
          "en": "Revision ID greater than previous",
          "it": "ID versione maggiore della precedente",
          "ru": "Идентификатор версии выше предыдущего"
                 }
                   }
                 ]
    },
    { "subject": "licence",
      "state":   "suggested",
      "values":  [
                   {
        "qlist": [ "Q14946043",
                   "Q18199165" ]
                   }
                 ]
    },
    { "subject": "usedby",
      "state":   "optional",
      "values":  [
                   {
        "intro": {
          "de": "Bekannte Verwendungen, oder übergeordnete Einheit",
          "en": "Known usages, and root software of a sub unit",
          "it": "Applicazioni note o unità supoeriore",
          "ru": "Известное использование или родительская программная единица"
                 }
                   }
                 ]
    },
    { "subject": "uses",
      "state":   "optional",
      "values":  [
                   {
        "intro": {
          "de": "Abhängigkeiten, benötigte Ressourcen, aus anderen Paketen oder Untereinheiten",
          "en": "Dependencies, required resources, from other packages or sub units",
          "it": "Dipendenze, risorse necessarie, da altri pacchetti o da unità inferiori",
          "ru": "Зависимости, требуемые ресурсы, из других пакетов или подъединиц"
                 }
                   }
                 ]
    },
    { "subject": "doc",
      "state":   "suggested",
      "values":  [
                   {
        "intro": "Q42253",
        "qualifiers": [
          { "subject": "protocol",
            "state":   "required",
            "q": "https"
          },
          { "subject": "host",
            "state":   "optional",
            "qlist": [ "enwiki",
                       "dewiki",
                       "mediawikiwiki",
                       true ]
          },
          { "subject": "lang",
            "state":   "optional",
            "qlist": [ "en",
                       "de",
                       true ]
          }
                      ]
                   }
                 ]
    },
    { "subject": "tags",
      "state":   "optional",
      "values":  [
                   {
        "intro": {
          "de": "Tagging, Themen, Schlagwörter",
          "en": "Tagging, topics, keywords",
          "it": "Tag, materie, parole chiave",
          "ru": "Тегинг, темы, ключевые слова"
                 }
                   }
                 ]
    }
            ],
  "resolve": { "css":            { "Q": 46441 },
               "dataFormat":     { "P": 2701 },
               "dataStruct":     { "Q": 175263 },
               "de":             { "Q": 188 },
               "dewiki":         { "Q": 48183 },
               "doc":            { "P": 973 },
               "en":             { "Q": 1860 },
               "enwiki":         { "Q": 328 },
               "gadget":         { "Q": 61866692 },
               "git":            { "Q": 186055 },
               "host":           { "P": 137 },
               "https":          { "Q": 44484 },
               "instance":       { "P": 31 },
               "javascript":     { "Q": 2005 },
               "json":           { "Q": 2063 },
               "lang":           { "P": 407 },
               "licCC3":         { "Q": 14946043 },
               "licence":        { "P": 275 },
               "lua":            { "Q": 207316 },
               "mediawikiwiki":  { "Q": 15633578 },
               "module":         { "Q": 15184295 },
               "proglang":       { "P": 277 },
               "protocol":       { "P": 2700 },
               "source":         { "P": 1324 },
               "tags":           { "P": 366 },
               "template":       { "Q": 11266439 },
               "usedby":         { "P": 1535 },
               "uses":           { "P": 2283 },
               "version":        { "P": 348 }
           }
}