119th United States Congress

119th United States Congress
←118th 120th→
The US Capitol Building, as pictured from the southwest side, in June 2025.
United States Capitol (2025)
Overview
Legislative bodyUnited States Congress
JurisdictionUnited States
TermJanuary 3, 2025 – present
Senate
Members100
PresidentKamala Harris (D)
(until January 20, 2025)
JD Vance (R)
(since January 20, 2025)
Party controlRepublican
House of Representatives
Members435 representatives
6 non-voting delegates
SpeakerMike Johnson (R)
Party controlRepublican
Sessions
1stJanuary 3, 2025 – January 3, 2026
2ndJanuary 3, 2026 – present
A small pin held onto a necklace with a Congressional seal on it
119th Congress House member pin

The 119th United States Congress is the current meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It convened on January 3, 2025, for the last 17 days of Joe Biden's presidency and continued during the first two years of Donald Trump's second presidency.

Following the 2024 elections, the Republican Party retained its slim majority in the House of Representatives (albeit with losing two net seats to end up with a three-seat majority). The Republican Party also won a three-seat majority in the Senate after winning four net seats. Upon Trump's second inauguration on January 20, 2025, the Republican Party has an overall federal government trifecta for the first time since the 115th Congress (2017–2019), which was in session during Trump's first term.

The 119th Congress features the slimmest majority in the House for any party since the 72nd Congress (1931–1933), and the first openly transgender member of Congress in history, Representative Sarah McBride (D-DE). It also features the fewest split Senate delegations since the passage of the Seventeenth Amendment, which established the direct election of U.S. senators.

Despite a trifecta, the first year of the Congress saw the lowest number of House votes in a nonelection year since the 101st Congress in 1990.

As of 2025, the 119th Congress has been one of the least productive when it comes to passing bills.

History

In the 2024 elections, the Republican Party retained control of the House of Representatives and gained control of the Senate, while Republican nominee Donald Trump won the presidential election, securing a second non-consecutive term. The results of the election were attributed to economic conditions of voters and concerns over immigration, particularly the Mexico–United States border crisis.

The Senate flipped to a 53–47 Republican majority, and in their leadership elections, Senator John Thune of South Dakota was elected to succeed Mitch McConnell, who had been in power for 18 years.

The House assumed a 220–215 Republican majority, among the narrowest controlling majorities in House history with the 65th Congress. Mike Johnson was re-elected as speaker on the first ballot after initially not receiving enough votes on the roll call, with the vote remaining open until enough members changed votes to support him.

On January 6, a joint session convened to count the presidential Electoral College votes. The proceedings were peaceful, four years after the January 6 Capitol attack, in which supporters of Trump entered the Capitol and disrupted Joe Biden's certification as president. In response to the attack and Trump's efforts to overturn the 2020 election, Congress has passed revisions to the Electoral Count Act that prevent the vice president from altering the results and significantly raises the bar for certification objections.

Comprising 80% of the membership of the House of Representatives and 89% of the Senate, Baby boomers and Generation X remained the largest generations represented in Congress after having comprised more than 80% of the membership of both chambers since at least the 115th United States Congress and Baby boomers alone comprising the majority of the House of Representatives and the Senate since the 106th United States Congress and the 111th United States Congress respectively.

Major events

Donald Trump takes the oath of office as the 47th president of the United States
President Trump during his 2025 speech to a joint session of Congress, with Vice President JD Vance and House Speaker Mike Johnson.
President Trump during his 2026 State of the Union Address, with Vice President Vance and House Speaker Johnson.
King Charles at a lectern with Vance and Mike Johnson behind him. His wife, Queen Camilla, is next to him
King Charles III addressing the Congress, with Vice President Vance and House Speaker Mike Johnson

Major legislation

Enacted

President Trump signed the Laken Riley Act into law, January 29, 2025
President Trump signing the Laken Riley Act into law on January 29, 2025
President Trump signing the TAKE IT DOWN Act into law on May 19, 2025
President Trump signing the One Big Beautiful Bill Act into law on July 4, 2025

Proposed (but not enacted)

Passed in Congress, but vetoed by President
  • H.R. 131: Finish the Arkansas Valley Conduit Act, 2026
  • H.R. 504: Miccosukee Reserved Area Amendments Act, 2026
Bills passed in the House waiting for the Senate
  • H.R. 21: Born-Alive Abortion Survivors Protection Act
  • H.R. 22: Safeguard American Voter Eligibility Act
  • H.R. 23: Illegitimate Court Counteraction Act
  • H.R. 26: Protecting American Energy Production Act
  • H.R. 27: Halt All Lethal Trafficking of Fentanyl Act
  • H.R. 28: Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act
  • H.R. 30: Preventing Violence Against Women by Illegal Aliens Act
  • H.R. 33: United States-Taiwan Expedited Double-Tax Relief Act
  • H.R. 35: Agent Raul Gonzalez Officer Safety Act
  • H.R. 36: MEGOBARI Act
  • H.R. 77: Midnight Rules Relief Act
  • H.R. 144: Tennessee Valley Authority Salary Transparency Act
  • H.R. 152: Federal Disaster Assistance Coordination Act
  • H.R. 153: Post-Disaster Assistance Online Accountability Act
  • H.R. 164: Promoting Opportunities to Widen Electrical Resilience Act of 2025
  • H.R. 186: Hershel Woody Williams National Medal of Honor Monument Location Act
  • H.R. 187: Modernizing Access to our Public Waters Act of 2025
  • H.R. 189: Securities and Exchange Commission Real Estate Leasing Authority Revocation Act
  • H.R. 192: Amtrak Executive Bonus Disclosure Act
  • H.R. 197: Lake Winnibigoshish Land Exchange Act of 2025
  • H.R. 204: Accurately Counting Risk Elimination Solutions Act
  • H.R. 207: Supporting the Health of Aquatic systems through Research Knowledge and Enhanced Dialogue Act of 2025
  • H.R. 226: Eastern Band of Cherokee Historic Lands Reacquisition Act
  • H.R. 275: Special Interest Alien Reporting Act of 2025
  • H.R. 276: Gulf of America Act
  • H.R. 359: Cost-Share Accountability Act of 2025
  • H.R. 375: Continued Rapid Ohia Death Response Act of 2025
  • H.R. 386: Chinese Currency Accountability Act of 2025
  • H.R. 469: Semiquincentennial Congressional Time Capsule Act
  • H.R. 471: Fix Our Forests Act
  • H.R. 495: Subterranean Border Defense Act
  • H.R. 579: Recruiting Families Using Data Act of 2025
  • H.R. 586: Vietnam Veterans Liver Fluke Cancer Study Act
  • H.R. 692: China Exchange Rate Transparency Act of 2023
  • H.R. 706: DHS Biodetection Improvement Act
  • H.R. 708: Strategic Homeland Intelligence and Enforcement Legislation to Defend Against the CCP Act
  • H.R. 730: Mathematical and Statistical Modeling Education Act
  • H.R. 736: Protect Small Businesses from Excessive Paperwork Act of 2025
  • H.R. 754: Investing in Main Street Act of 2025
  • H.R. 758: Mail Traffic Deaths Reporting Act of 2025
  • H.R. 776: Nutria Eradication and Control Reauthorization Act of 2025
  • H.R. 788: DOE and SBA Research Act
  • H.R. 804: Rural Small Business Resilience Act
  • H.R. 818: Small Business Procurement and Utilization Reform Act of 2025
  • H.R. 825: Assisting Small Businesses Not Fraudsters Act
  • H.R. 828: Successful Entrepreneurship for Reservists and Veterans Act
  • H.R. 832: Small Business Advocacy Improvements Act of 2025
  • H.R. 835: 9/11 Memorial and Museum Act
  • H.R. 836: Emergency Wildfire Fighting Technology Act of 2025
  • H.R. 856: Safe and Smart Federal Purchasing Act
  • H.R. 862: TSA Commuting Fairness Act
  • H.R. 872: Federal Contractor Cybersecurity Vulnerability Reduction Act of 2025
  • H.R. 877: Deliver for Veterans Act
  • H.R. 901: Research Security and Accountability in DHS Act
  • H.R. 919: Chronic Disease Flexible Coverage Act
  • H.R. 965: Housing Unhoused Disabled Veterans Act
  • H.R. 975: Credit Union Board Modernization Act
  • H.R. 993: Emerging Innovative Border Technologies Act
  • H.R. 997: National Taxpayer Advocate Enhancement Act of 2025
  • H.R. 1039: Clear Communication for Veterans Claims Act
  • H.R. 1048: Defending Education Transparency and Ending Rogue Regimes Engaging in Nefarious Transactions Act
  • H.R. 1152: Electronic Filing and Payment Fairness Act
  • H.R. 1155: Recovery of Stolen Checks Act
  • H.R. 1156: Pandemic Unemployment Fraud Enforcement Act
  • H.R. 1166: Decoupling from Foreign Adversarial Battery Dependence Act
  • H.R. 1318: United States Research Protection Act
  • H.R. 1325: Commercial Remote Sensing Amendment Act of 2025
  • H.R. 1326: DOE and USDA Interagency Research Act
  • H.R. 1350: DOE and NSF Interagency Research Act
  • H.R. 1368: DOE and NASA Interagency Research Coordination Act
  • H.R. 1374: Securing the Cities Improvement Act
  • H.R. 1515: Guidance Out of Darkness Act
  • H.R. 1526: No Rogue Rulings Act
  • H.R. 1534: Innovative Mitigation Partnerships for Asphalt and Concrete Technologies Act
  • H.R. 1692: Producing Advanced Technologies for Homeland Security Act
  • H.R. 1701: Strategic Ports Reporting Act
  • H.R. 1919: Anti-CBDC Surveillance State Act
  • H.R. 1969: No Wrong Door for Veterans Act
  • H.R. 2591: Mental Health in Aviation Act of 2025
  • H.R. 3633: Digital Asset Market Clarity Act of 2025
  • H.R. 6028: Legislative Branch Agencies Clarification Act
Bills proposed in the House
Bills passed in the Senate waiting for the House
  • S. 32: Local Access to Courts Act
  • S. 129: No Tax on Tips Act
  • S. 524: Coast Guard Authorization Act of 2025
  • S. 960: Justice for Murder Victims Act
  • S. 1077: District of Columbia Local Funds Act, 2025
Bills proposed in the Senate
Bills in Conference Committee
  • H.R. 3944: Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2026

Major resolutions

Adopted

Proposed

Party summary

Resignations and new members are discussed in the "Changes in membership" section:

Senate party summary

  Party
(shading shows control)
 Total Vacant
Democratic Independent Republican
End of previous Congress 47 4 49 100 0
Begin (January 3, 2025) 45 2 52 99 1
January 10, 2025 51 98 2
January 14, 2025 52 99 1
January 20, 2025 51 98 2
January 21, 2025 53 100 0
March 23, 2026 52 99 1
March 24, 2026 53 100 0
July 11, 2026 52 99 1
July 14, 2026 53 100 0
Current voting share 47.0% 53.0%  

House party summary

  Party
(shading shows control)
 Total Vacant
Democratic Independent Republican
End of previous Congress 210 0 219 429 6
Begin (January 3, 2025) 215 0 219 434 1
January 20, 2025 218 433 2
March 5, 2025 214 432 3
March 13, 2025 213 431 4
April 2, 2025 220 433 2
May 21, 2025 212 432 3
July 20, 2025 219 431 4
September 10, 2025 213 432 3
November 12, 2025 214 433 2
November 20, 2025 213 432 3
December 4, 2025 220 433 2
January 5, 2026 219 432 3
January 6, 2026 218 431 4
February 2, 2026 214 432 3
March 9, 2026 1 217
April 14, 2026 213 431 4
April 20, 2026 214 432 3
April 21, 2026 213 431 4
April 22, 2026 212 430 5
June 10, 2026 218 431 4
September 1, 2026 213 432 3
September 2, 2026 214 433 2
Current voting share 49.4% 50.6%
Non-voting members 3 0 3 6 0

Leadership

Note: Democrats refer to themselves as a "caucus"; Republicans refer to themselves as a "conference".

Senate leadership

Senate Presidents
VP Kamala Harris
Kamala Harris (D),
until January 20, 2025
VP JD Vance
JD Vance (R),
since January 20, 2025
President pro tempore
Chuck Grassley (R)

Senate presiding officers

Senate majority (Republican) leadership

Senate minority (Democratic) leadership

House leadership

Speaker of the House
Mike Johnson (R)

House presiding officer

House majority (Republican) leadership

House minority (Democratic) leadership

Members

Over decades, the age distribution of members of the US Congress has trended toward older individuals.

Senators

The numbers refer to their Senate classes. All class 1 seats were contested in the November 2024 elections. In this Congress, class 1 means their term commenced in the current Congress, requiring re-election in 2030; class 2 means their term ends with this Congress, requiring re-election in 2026; and class 3 means their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 2028.

Representatives

All seats were filled by election in November 2024, or special elections thereafter as noted below.

Changes in membership

Senate membership changes

Senate changes
State
(class)		 Vacated by Reason for change Successor Date of successor's
formal installation
West Virginia
(1)		 Vacant Senator-elect chose to wait until finishing his term as Governor of West Virginia before taking his seat. Jim Justice
(R)		 January 14, 2025
Ohio
(3)		 JD Vance
(R)		 Incumbent resigned January 10, 2025, to become Vice President of the United States.
Successor was appointed January 18, 2025, to continue the term.		 Jon Husted
(R)		 January 21, 2025
Florida
(3)		 Marco Rubio
(R)		 Incumbent resigned January 20, 2025, to become United States Secretary of State.
Successor was appointed January 21, 2025, to continue the term.
Appointee was later elected to finish the term ending January 3, 2029.		 Ashley Moody
(R)		 January 21, 2025
Oklahoma
(2)		 Markwayne Mullin
(R)		 Incumbent resigned March 23, 2026, to become United States Secretary of Homeland Security.
Successor was appointed to finish the term.		 Alan Armstrong
(R)		 March 24, 2026
South Carolina
(2)		 Lindsey Graham
(R)		 Incumbent died July 11, 2026.
Successor was appointed July 14, 2026, to finish the term.		 Darline Graham
(R)		 July 14, 2026
Ohio
(3)		 Jon Husted
(R)		 Appointee lost election to finish the term.
Successor elected November 3, 2026, to finish the term ending January 3, 2029.		 Sherrod Brown
(D)		 December 15, 2026

House membership changes

House changes
District Vacated by Reason for change Successor Date of successor's
formal installation
Florida 1 Vacant Matt Gaetz (R) resigned November 13, 2024, before the beginning of this Congress, and declined to take office after being re-elected.
A special election was held on April 1, 2025.		 Jimmy Patronis
(R)		 April 2, 2025
Florida 6 Mike Waltz
(R)		 Incumbent resigned January 20, 2025, to become National Security Advisor.
A special election was held on April 1, 2025.		 Randy Fine
(R)		 April 2, 2025
Texas 18 Sylvester Turner
(D)		 Incumbent died March 5, 2025.
A special election was held on November 4, 2025, and a runoff was held on January 31, 2026.		 Christian Menefee
(D)		 February 2, 2026
Arizona 7 Raúl Grijalva
(D)		 Incumbent died March 13, 2025, having already planned to retire at the end of the term.
A special election was held on September 23, 2025.		 Adelita Grijalva
(D)		 November 12, 2025
Virginia 11 Gerry Connolly
(D)		 Incumbent died May 21, 2025, having already planned to retire at the end of the term.
A special election was held on September 9, 2025.		 James Walkinshaw
(D)		 September 10, 2025
Tennessee 7 Mark Green
(R)		 Incumbent resigned July 20, 2025, to take a job in the private sector.
A special election was held on December 2, 2025.		 Matt Van Epps
(R)		 December 4, 2025
New Jersey 11 Mikie Sherrill
(D)		 Incumbent resigned November 20, 2025, after being elected Governor of New Jersey.
A special election was held on April 16, 2026.		 Analilia Mejia
(D)		 April 20, 2026
Georgia 14 Marjorie Taylor Greene
(R)		 Incumbent resigned January 5, 2026, citing her disagreements with President Donald Trump.
A special election was held on March 10, 2026, and a runoff was held on April 7.		 Clay Fuller
(R)		 April 14, 2026
California 1 Doug LaMalfa
(R)		 Incumbent died January 6, 2026.
A special election was held on June 2, 2026.		 James Gallagher
(R)		 June 10, 2026
California 3 Kevin Kiley
(R)		 Incumbent changed parties March 9, 2026. Kevin Kiley
(I)		 March 9, 2026
California 14 Eric Swalwell
(D)		 Incumbent resigned April 14, 2026, following sexual assault allegations.
A special election was held on June 16, 2026, and a runoff was held on August 18.		 Aisha Wahab
(D)		 September 2, 2026
Texas 23 Tony Gonzales
(R)		 Incumbent resigned April 14, 2026, after admitting to an affair. Vacant until the next Congress
Florida 20 Sheila Cherfilus-McCormick
(D)		 Incumbent resigned April 21, 2026, following money laundering allegations.
Georgia 13 David Scott
(D)		 Incumbent died April 22, 2026.
A special election was held on July 28, 2026, and a runoff was held on August 25.		 Everton Blair
(D)		 September 1, 2026

Committees

Senate committees

Committee Chair Ranking Member
Aging (Special) Rick Scott (R-FL) Kirsten Gillibrand (D-NY)
Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry John Boozman (R-AR) Amy Klobuchar (D-MN)
Appropriations Susan Collins (R-ME) Patty Murray (D-WA)
Armed Services Roger Wicker (R-MS) Jack Reed (D-RI)
Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs Tim Scott (R-SC) Elizabeth Warren (D-MA)
Budget Lindsey Graham (R-SC) (until July 11, 2026)
Ron Johnson (R-WI) (since July 13, 2026)		 Jeff Merkley (D-OR)
Commerce, Science and Transportation Ted Cruz (R-TX) Maria Cantwell (D-WA)
Energy and Natural Resources Mike Lee (R-UT) Martin Heinrich (D-NM)
Environment and Public Works Shelley Moore Capito (R-WV) Sheldon Whitehouse (D-RI)
Ethics (Select) James Lankford (R-OK) Chris Coons (D-DE)
Finance Mike Crapo (R-ID) Ron Wyden (D-OR)
Foreign Relations Jim Risch (R-ID) Jeanne Shaheen (D-NH)
Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Bill Cassidy (R-LA) Bernie Sanders (I-VT)
Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Rand Paul (R-KY) Gary Peters (D-MI)
Indian Affairs (Permanent Select) Lisa Murkowski (R-AK) Brian Schatz (D-HI)
Intelligence (Select) Tom Cotton (R-AR) Mark Warner (D-VA)
International Narcotics Control (Permanent Caucus) John Cornyn (R-TX) Sheldon Whitehouse (D-RI)
Judiciary Chuck Grassley (R-IA) Dick Durbin (D-IL)
Rules and Administration Mitch McConnell (R-KY) Alex Padilla (D-CA)
Small Business and Entrepreneurship Joni Ernst (R-IA) Ed Markey (D-MA)
Veterans' Affairs Jerry Moran (R-KS) Richard Blumenthal (D-CT)

House committees

Committee Chair Ranking Member
Agriculture Glenn Thompson (R-PA) Angie Craig (D-MN)
Appropriations Tom Cole (R-OK) Rosa DeLauro (D-CT)
Armed Services Mike Rogers (R-AL) Adam Smith (D-WA)
Budget Jodey Arrington (R-TX) Brendan Boyle (D-PA)
Education and Workforce Tim Walberg (R-MI) Bobby Scott (D-VA)
Energy and Commerce Brett Guthrie (R-KY) Frank Pallone (D-NJ)
Ethics Michael Guest (R-MS) Mark DeSaulnier (D-CA)
Financial Services French Hill (R-AR) Maxine Waters (D-CA)
Foreign Affairs Brian Mast (R-FL) Gregory Meeks (D-NY)
Homeland Security Mark Green (R-TN) (until July 18, 2025)
Andrew Garbarino (R-NY) (since July 21, 2025)		 Bennie Thompson (D-MS)
House Administration Bryan Steil (R-WI) Joe Morelle (D-NY)
Intelligence (Permanent Select) Rick Crawford (R-AR) Jim Himes (D-CT)
Judiciary Jim Jordan (R-OH) Jamie Raskin (D-MD)
Natural Resources Bruce Westerman (R-AR) Jared Huffman (D-CA)
Oversight and Government Reform James Comer (R-KY) Gerry Connolly (D-VA) (until April 28, 2025)
Robert Garcia (D-CA) (since June 24, 2025)
Rules Virginia Foxx (R-NC) Jim McGovern (D-MA)
Science, Space and Technology Brian Babin (R-TX) Zoe Lofgren (D-CA)
Small Business Roger Williams (R-TX) Nydia Velázquez (D-NY)
Strategic Competition between the United States
and the Chinese Communist Party (Select)		 John Moolenaar (R-MI) Raja Krishnamoorthi (D-IL)
Transportation and Infrastructure Sam Graves (R-MO) Rick Larsen (D-WA)
Veterans' Affairs Mike Bost (R-IL) Mark Takano (D-CA)
Ways and Means Jason Smith (R-MO) Richard Neal (D-MA)

Joint committees

Committee Chair Vice Chair Ranking Member Vice Ranking Member
Economic Rep. David Schweikert (R-AZ) Sen. Eric Schmitt (R-MO) Sen. Maggie Hassan (D-NH) Rep. Don Beyer (D-VA)
Inaugural Ceremonies (Special)
Until January 20, 2025		 Sen. Amy Klobuchar (D-MN) Rep. Mike Johnson (R-LA) Rep. Hakeem Jeffries (D-NY) Sen. Deb Fischer (R-NE)
Library Rep. Bryan Steil (R-WI) Sen. Mitch McConnell (R-KY) Sen. Alex Padilla (D-CA) Rep. Joe Morelle (D-NY)
Printing Sen. Mitch McConnell (R-KY) Rep. Bryan Steil (R-WI) Rep. Joe Morelle (D-NY) Sen. Alex Padilla (D-CA)
Taxation Rep. Jason Smith (R-MO) Sen. Mike Crapo (R-ID) Sen. Ron Wyden (D-OR) Rep. Richard Neal (D-MA)

Senior staff

Officers
Organizations

Senate senior staff

Officers
Officials

House senior staff

Officers
Officials
Organizations

Elections

Notes

  1. ↑ U.S. Vice President Kamala Harris's term as President of the Senate ended at noon January 20, 2025, when JD Vance's term began.
  2. ↑ Maine, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin all have senators from different parties. Vermont also has a split delegation; however, Bernie Sanders caucuses with the Democratic Party.
  3. ↑ All self-identified independents caucus with the Democrats.
  4. ↑ In West Virginia: Senator-elect Jim Justice (R) delayed taking his seat until January 14, 2025, to finish his term as Governor of West Virginia.
  5. 1 2 In Ohio: JD Vance (R) resigned on January 10, 2025, in anticipation of becoming Vice President of the United States. After this resignation, Ohio Governor Mike DeWine appointed Lieutenant Governor Jon Husted to fill his seat on January 21, 2025.
  6. 1 2 In West Virginia: Senator Jim Justice (R) took office on January 14, 2025, after finishing his term as Governor of West Virginia.
  7. 1 2 3 In Florida: Senator Marco Rubio (R) resigned from the Senate on January 20, 2025, after the Senate confirmed him as Secretary of State. Florida Attorney General Ashley Moody, was sworn in to fill his seat on January 21, 2025.
  8. 1 2 3 In Oklahoma: Senator Markwayne Mullin (R) resigned from the Senate on March 23, 2026, after the Senate confirmed him as Secretary of Homeland Security. Alan Armstrong was sworn in to fill his seat on March 24, 2026.
  9. 1 2 3 In South Carolina: Senator Lindsey Graham (R) died on July 11, 2026. Darline Graham was sworn in to fill his seat on July 14, 2026.
  10. ↑ Independent Kevin Kiley caucuses with the Republicans.
  11. 1 2 3 In Florida's 1st district: Matt Gaetz (R) resigned during the previous Congress after winning re-election and chose not to take office in the 119th Congress, and Jimmy Patronis was elected April 1, 2025. He was sworn in on April 2, 2025.
  12. 1 2 3 4 In Florida's 6th district: Mike Waltz (R) resigned on January 20, 2025, to become United States National Security Advisor, and Randy Fine was elected April 1, 2025. He was sworn in on April 2, 2025.
  13. 1 2 3 4 In Texas's 18th district: Sylvester Turner (D) died on March 5, 2025. A special election was held on November 4, 2025, and Christian Menefee was elected in a runoff on January 31, 2026. He was sworn in on February 2, 2026.
  14. 1 2 3 4 In Arizona's 7th district: Raúl Grijalva (D) died on March 13, 2025. Adelita Grijalva was elected on September 23, 2025. She was sworn in on November 12, 2025.
  15. 1 2 3 4 In Virginia's 11th district: Gerry Connolly (D) died on May 21, 2025. James Walkinshaw was elected on September 9, 2025. He was sworn in on September 10, 2025.
  16. 1 2 3 4 In Tennessee's 7th district: Mark Green (R) resigned on July 20, 2025, and Matt Van Epps was elected on December 2, 2025. He was sworn in on December 4, 2025.
  17. 1 2 3 4 In New Jersey's 11th district: Mikie Sherrill (D) resigned on November 20, 2025, in anticipation of becoming Governor of New Jersey, and Analilia Mejia was elected on April 16, 2026. She was sworn in on April 20.
  18. 1 2 3 4 In Georgia's 14th district: Marjorie Taylor Greene (R) resigned on January 5, 2026. A special election to elect a successor was held on March 10, 2026, and Clay Fuller was elected in the runoff held on April 7, 2026. He was sworn in on April 14, 2026.
  19. 1 2 3 4 In California's 1st district: Doug LaMalfa (R) died on January 6, 2026, and James Gallagher was elected on June 2, 2026. He was sworn in on June 10, 2026.
  20. ↑ In California's 3rd district: Kevin Kiley (R) announced on March 6, 2026 that he would run for re-election as an independent, switching from the 3rd district to the 6th district; he officially declared himself an independent on March 9, 2026. He continues to caucus with the Republican conference.
  21. 1 2 3 4 In California's 14th district: Eric Swalwell (D) resigned on April 14, 2026. A special election to elect a successor was held on June 16, 2026, and a runoff was held on August 18 where Aisha Wahab was elected. She was sworn in on September 2, 2026.
  22. 1 2 In Texas's 23rd district: Tony Gonzales (R) resigned on April 14, 2026. A special election to elect a successor will be held on a date TBD.
  23. 1 2 In Florida's 20th district: Sheila Cherfilus-McCormick (D) resigned on April 21, 2026. A special election will not be held before the 2026 House elections in Florida.
  24. 1 2 3 4 In Georgia's 13th district: David Scott died on April 22, 2026. A special election was held on July 28, 2026, and a runoff was held on August 25 where Everton Blair was elected. He was sworn in on September 1, 2026.
  25. ↑ Includes a Popular Democratic Party member who is also affiliated as a Democrat.
  26. ↑ Concurrently serves as the Chair of the House Republican Steering Committee
  27. 1 2 3 4 5 6 The Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL) is the Minnesota affiliate of the U.S. Democratic Party and its members are considered Democrats.
  28. ↑ In Ohio: JD Vance (R) resigned on January 10, 2025, in anticipation of becoming Vice President of the United States. Jon Husted was sworn in to fill his seat on January 21, 2025.
  29. ↑ In December 2024, Spartz announced she would not join caucus meetings of the House Republican Conference. She remains a member of the Republican Party.
  30. ↑ Puerto Rico's non-voting member, the Resident Commissioner, is elected every four years. This is the only member of the House to serve four-year terms.
  31. 1 2 When seated or oath administered, not necessarily when service began.
  32. ↑ The Joint Taxation Committee leadership rotate the chair and vice chair and the ranking members between the House and Senate at the start of each session in the middle of the congressional term. The first session leadership is shown here.

References

  1. ↑ "Balance of Power in the U.S. House and Senate". Bloomberg Government. February 10, 2025. Retrieved February 21, 2025.
  2. ↑ Skelley, Geoffrey. "Republicans start 2025 with the smallest House majority since 1931". ABC News. Archived from the original on January 10, 2025. Retrieved January 9, 2025.
  3. ↑ "Delaware's Sarah McBride prepares to become first openly transgender member of Congress, hoping for grace - CBS Philadelphia". CBS News. January 2, 2025. Retrieved January 3, 2025.
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