160P/LINEAR

160P/LINEAR
Comet 160P/LINEAR photographed by the Zwicky Transient Facility on 31 October 2019
Discovery
Discovered byLINEAR
Discovery date15 July 2004
Designations
P/2004 NL21
Orbital characteristics
Epoch21 November 2025 (JD 2461000.5)
Observation arc24.13 years
Earliest precovery date8 September 1996
Number of
observations		991
Aphelion5.765 AU
Perihelion1.796 AU
Semi-major axis3.781 AU
Eccentricity0.52491
Orbital period7.35 years
Inclination15.589°
333.32°
Argument of
periapsis		12.793°
Mean anomaly292.65°
Last perihelion2 December 2019
Next perihelion7 April 2027
TJupiter2.775
Earth MOID1.067 AU
Jupiter MOID0.081 AU
Physical characteristics
Mean radius
0.87 km (0.54 mi)
Mean density
500±80 kg/m3
Comet total
magnitude (M1)		6.7
Comet nuclear
magnitude (M2)		16.0

160P/LINEAR is a Jupiter-family comet with a roughly 7.35-year orbit around the Sun. It is one of many comets discovered by the Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research (LINEAR) survey.

Observational history

It was first detected as a faint 19th-magnitude asteroid-like object from LINEAR observations in 15 July 2004. Calculations of its orbit has informed the Minor Planet Center that the object, formerly labeled as 2004 NL21, is a possible new comet. Robert H. McNaught confirmed its cometary nature after detecting some weak activity on 6 September 2004.

The comet later received its official numerical designation (160P) after Maik Meyer confirmed its precovery photographic plates taken by the Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking (NEAT) survey in 1996. It was subsequently re-observed in its next two apparitions in 2012 and 2019 respectively.

Physical characteristics

In 2006, observations from the Isaac Newton Telescope while it was approximately 4.0 AU (600 million km) away from the Sun revealed that its nucleus has an effective radius of roughly 0.87 ± 0.07 km (0.541 ± 0.043 mi). However, the presence of a background galaxy at the time prevented direct measurements of the chemical composition of its surrounding coma.

Orbit

Notes

  1. ↑ Observation arc from the Minor Planet Center database covering dates from 8 September 1996 until 25 October 2020.

References

  1. ↑ R. H. McNaught (18 September 2004). B. G. Marsden (ed.). "Comet P/2004 NL21 (LINEAR)" (TXT). Central Bureau Electronic Telegrams (87): 1. Bibcode:2004CBET...87....1M.
  2. 1 2 R. H. McNaught (23 September 2004). D. W. Green (ed.). "Comet P/2004 NL21 (LINEAR)". IAU Circular. 8408 (1). Bibcode:2004IAUC.8408....1M.
  3. 1 2 "160P/LINEAR – JPL Small-Body Database Lookup". ssd.jpl.nasa.gov. Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 22 August 2026.
  4. ↑ "160P/LINEAR Orbit". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
  5. 1 2 M. Meyer (3 October 2004). D. W. Green (ed.). "Comet 160P/2004 NL21 (LINEAR)". IAU Circular. 8414 (3). Bibcode:2004IAUC.8414....3M.
  6. ↑ E. F. Helin; S. Pravdo; K. J. Lawrence; et al. (18 September 2004). B. G. Marsden (ed.). "Comet P/2004 NL21 (LINEAR)". Minor Planet Electronic Circulars. 2004-S18. Bibcode:2004MPEC....S...18H. ISSN 1523-6714.
  7. ↑ "Horizons Batch for 160P/LINEAR (90001101) on 2027-Apr-07" (Perihelion occurs when rdot flips from negative to positive). JPL Horizons. Retrieved 16 April 2026. (JPL#59 Soln.date: 2022-May-19)
  8. 1 2 3 C. S. Snodgrass; S. C. Lowry; A. Fitzsimmons (2007). "Optical observations of 23 distant Jupiter Family Comets, including 36P/Whipple at multiple phase angles" (PDF). Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 385 (2): 737–756. arXiv:0712.4204. Bibcode:2008MNRAS.385..737S. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.12900.x. S2CID 55536237.
  9. ↑ M. L. Paradowski (2022). "A New Indirect Method of Determining Density of Cometary Nuclei" (PDF). Acta Astronomica. 72 (2): 141–159. Bibcode:2022AcA....72..141P. doi:10.32023/0001-5237/72.2.4. ISSN 0001-5237.
  10. ↑ "Daily Orbit Update (2004 July 28 UT)". Minor Planet Electronic Circulars. 2004-O40. 28 July 2004. Bibcode:2004MPEC....O...40.. ISSN 1523-6714.
  11. ↑ "Daily Orbit Update (2004 Sept 17 UT)". Minor Planet Electronic Circulars. 2004-S06. 17 September 2004. Bibcode:2004MPEC....S...06.. ISSN 1523-6714.