List of astronomical catalogues

An astronomical catalogue is a list or tabulation of astronomical objects, typically grouped together because they share a common type, morphology, origin, means of detection, or method of discovery. Astronomical catalogues are usually the result of an astronomical survey of some kind.

Contents

0–9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Top of page — See also — References

0–9

0ES — Einstein Slew Survey, version 0
1A, 2A, 3A — Lists of X-ray sources from the Ariel V satellite
1C — First Cambridge Catalogue of Radio Sources
1ES — Einstein Slew Survey, version 1
1FGL, 2FGL — Lists of gamma-ray sources from the Large Area Telescope on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
1LHAASO — Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory Catalogue (Gamma-ray sources)
1RXH — ROSAT HRI Pointed Observations
1RXS — ROSAT All-Sky Bright Source Catalogue, ROSAT All-Sky Survey Faint Source Catalog
1SWASP — SuperWASP
2A — see 1A
2C — Second Cambridge Catalogue of Radio Sources
2E — The Einstein Observatory Soft X-ray Source List
2MASS — Two Micron All Sky Survey
- 1MFGC — Two Micron All Sky Survey Selected Flat Galaxy Catalogue, Release 1
- 2MASP — Two Micron All Sky Survey, Prototype
- 2MASSI — Two Micron All Sky Survey, Incremental Release
- 2MASSW — Two Micron All Sky Survey, Working Database
- 2MUCD — Ultracool Dwarfs from the 2MASS Catalog
- 2MASX — Two Micron All Sky Survey, Extended source catalogue
- 2MASS-GC — (Globular Clusters, I.R.) (2MASS-GC 01 and 2MASS-GC 02 are Hurt 1 and Hurt 2) (source: Bruno Alessi)
- 2MFGC — Two Micron All Sky Survey Selected Flat Galaxy Catalogue, Release 2
3A — see 1A
3C (and 3CR) — Third Cambridge Catalogue of Radio Sources (and revised)
4C — Fourth Cambridge Survey of Celestial Radio Sources
5C — Fifth Cambridge Survey of Radio Sources
6C — Sixth Cambridge Survey of Radio Sources
7C — Seventh Cambridge Survey of Radio Sources
8C — Eighth Cambridge Survey of Radio Sources
8pc — 8 parsec listing, all stars within 8 parsec
9C — Ninth Cambridge Survey of Radio Sources
10C — Tenth Cambridge Survey of Radio Sources

A

AAVSO — American Association of Variable Star Observers
AB — Azzopardi / Breysacher (Wolf-Rayet stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud, SMC)
Abel (globular star clusters)
Abell — Abell catalogue
- Abell S — Abell Supplementary Southern Catalogue
Abetti — Giorgio Abetti (double stars)
Abt — (for example: open star cluster Abt 1 = Byurakan 4 = Markarian 6 = Stock 7) (at 2:29.6 / +60°39' near the southwestern section of the Heart Nebula in Cassiopeia)
AC — Astrographic Catalogue
A.C. — Alvan Clark (double stars)
Ac / Ack — Agnès Acker (planetary nebulae)
ACT-CL — Atacama Cosmology Telescope Galaxy Cluster Catalogue
A.G.C. — Alvan Graham Clark (double stars)
AGC — Arecibo General Catalog
ADS — Aitken Double Star Catalogue
AFGL — Air Force Geophysical Laboratory
Ag — Estela L. Agüero (catalogue of peculiar galaxies, captured during the National Geographic Society — Palomar Observatory Sky Survey) (POSS)
AG, AGK, AGKR — Astronomische Gesellschaft Katalog
AH03 — (star clusters) (source: Bruno Alessi's list)
AJG – Anne J. Green (supernova remnants)
Al — David Anthony Allen [it] (planetary nebulae)
Alden — Harold Lee Alden (double stars)
Alessi — Bruno Sampaio Alessi's catalogue of telescopic asterisms and open star clusters
Alessi / Teutsch — Bruno S. Alessi's and Philipp Teutsch's catalogue of telescopic asterisms and open star clusters
Ali — H. Ali (double stars)
Alicante (for example: open star cluster Alicante 1 at 3:59:18 / +57°14'14", in Camelopardalis). Alicante 1 looks like a chain of dim stars with two relatively bright accompanying stars known as TYC 3725-498-1 and TYC 3725-866-1 (source: Wikisky)
Aller — R.M. Aller (double stars) (Ramón María Aller Ulloa?)
ALS — UBV beta database for Case-Hamburg Northern and Southern Luminous Stars
Alter — (open star clusters) (for example: Alter 1 at 0:31:56.9 / +63°09'47" in Cassiopeia) (Alter 1 = King 14 = Alter Cluster)
Alves / Yun — (open star clusters)
AM — Arp-Madore catalogue of open and globular star clusters (Halton Arp / Barry F. Madore) (for example: Arp-Madore 1 in Horologium, Arp-Madore 2 in Puppis)
An — Anderson (double stars) (John August Anderson?)
Andrews / Lindsay (AL) — (open star clusters) (for example: Andrews-Lindsay 1 at 13:15:16 / -65°55'12" in Musca) (AL 1 is also known as vdB-Hagen 144)
Annis — (?)
APEC — Asteroids Past Earth Close Encounters, Sormano Astronomical Observatory
APM — Automatic Plate Measuring machine
Ap — S. P. Apriamasvili (Apriamashvili) or Semen Petrovich Apriamasvili (Russian: Семен Петрович Априамашвили) (open star clusters) (the open star cluster Basel 1 at about one degree WNW of Messier 11 is also known as the Apriamashvili cluster)
Ara — (for example: Ara 2035 at 7:08.8/-24°03' in Canis Major) (S.Aravamudan?)
Arak / Ark — Marat Arsen Arakelian, 1929–1983 (Arakelian Emission Line Objects)
Arce / Goodman — (open star clusters)
Archinal — probably Brent A. Archinal (for example: open star cluster Archinal 1 at 18:54:49 / +5°32'54" in Serpens Cauda)
Arg — Friedrich Wilhelm Argelander (double stars)
ARO — Algonquin Radio Observatory
Arp — Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies
ASCC — Nina V. Kharchenko, All-Sky Compiled Catalogue, Kinematika Fiz. Nebesn. Tel., 17, part no 5, 409 (2001)
AT-HYG — Augmented Tycho + HYG (Hipparcos, Yale, and Gliese) database
Auner — (for example: open star cluster Auner 1 at 7:04:16 / -19°45'00" in Canis Major) (Auner 1 is the cluster which was "lost" in the disturbing ghost reflection of nearby Alpha Canis Majoris, aka Sirius, this during the Palomar Observatory Sky Survey, POSS)
Av — Anna Antalová (open star clusters) (for example: Antalova 1 at 17:28:55 / -31°34'11' in Scorpius)
Avedisova — Virginia Avedisova (star-forming regions)
Av-Hunter — Aveni / Hunter (open star clusters) (for example: Aveni-Hunter 1 at 23:37:48 / +48°31'12", north of the former constellation Honores Friderici in Andromeda)
AXP — Anomalous X-Ray Pulsar
AZ / AzV — Azzopardi-Vigneau (Marc Anthony Azzopardi and Jean Vigneau)
AzTEC — Astronomical Thermal Emission Camera

B

β — Sherburne Wesley Burnham (double stars)
βpm — Burnham's measures of proper motion stars, 1913 catalogue
B — Willem H. van den Bos (double stars)
B — E. E. Barnard's List of Dark Nebulae
B2 — Bologna Sky Survey at 408 MHz (9929 radio sources) performed with the Northern Cross Radio Telescope
B3 — The New Bologna Sky Survey at 408 MHz (13354 radio sources) performed with the Northern Cross Radio Telescope
Ba — Barnard (double stars)
Ba — Walter Baade (planetary nebulae)
BAC — Bordeaux Astrographic Catalog
Bail / Bal — René Baillaud (double stars)
Baize / Baz — Paul Baize (Paul Achille-Ariel Baize, 1901–1995) (double stars)
Balbinot (open and globular star clusters) (for example: globular star cluster Balbinot 1 in Pegasus)
Bar — Klavdiâ Barkhatova (open star clusters) (for example: Barkhatova 1, NNW of NGC 7000; the North America Nebula in Cygnus)
BAR — E. E. Barton (double stars)
Bas — Basel (open star clusters) (for example: Basel 1 at about one degree WNW of open star cluster Messier 11 in Scutum) (Basel 1 is also known as the Apriamashvili cluster)
Bat — Hans Battermann [de], 1860–1922 (double stars)
BAT99 — The Fourth Catalogue of Population I Wolf–Rayet stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud
BAY — Uranometria (Bayer designation)
BCDSP — Bica-Claria-Dottori-Santos-Piatti
BCVS — Bibliographic Catalogue of Variable Stars
BD — Bonner Durchmusterung
BDS — Burnham Double Star Catalogue
BDS03 (I.R.) — (open star clusters)
BDSB — (for example: open star cluster BDSB 96 at 7:05:18 / -12°19'44")
BDSB03 (I.R.) — (open star clusters)
[BE74] — Bohannan-Epps, 1974 (emission-line stars)
Be — Nils Bergvall (catalogue of some 400 interacting and distorted galaxies found on glass copies of the ESO Blue Survey)
Be — Berkeley (open star clusters) (104 items)
Be — Claes Bernes (dark nebulae)
Bedin — Luigi Bedin (for example: dwarf spheroidal galaxy Bedin I in Pavo)
Ben — Jack Bennett / John Caister Bennett's catalogue of 152 deep-sky objects in the southern celestial hemisphere, all from the NGC or IC lists, except Ben 47 which is Melotte 105 in Carina, and Ben 72a which is Trumpler 23 in Norma
Bergeron — Joe Bergeron (for example: Bergeron 1 in Cepheus)
BFS — Blitz-Fitch-Stark (galactic nebulae) (for example: BFS 15 in Cepheus)
BH — Van den Bergh / Hagen (open star clusters), see also VdB-Ha
BHR — Bourke-Hyland-Robinson (molecular clouds)
Bhas/Bha — T. P. Bhaskaran (double stars)
Bi — Byurakan (open star clusters)
Bica — Eduardo Luiz Damiani Bica (open star clusters)
Bica / Schmitt (open star clusters)
Big — Guillaume Bigourdan (double stars)
Bird — F. Bird (double stars)
Bl — Víctor Manuel Blanco (for example: open star cluster Blanco 1 in Sculptor)
BlDz — Blaauw-Danziger (planetary nebulae)
Bloch/Blo — Marie Bloch (double stars)
Bo — Bochum Observatory (open star clusters)
Bo — Bond (double stars)
BoBn — Boeshaar-Bond (planetary nebulae) (for example: BoBn 1, an extragalactic planetary nebula at 0:37 / -13°42' in Cetus)
Bode — (telescopic asterisms)
Boe — Ernest Augustus Boeger (double stars)
Bogleiv (open star clusters)
Bonatto — Charles José Bonatto (open star clusters)
Boo — Samuel Latimer Boothroyd, 1874–1965 (double stars)
Boy — Charles Stuart Bowyer (double stars)
BPI — (open star clusters)
BPM / L — Bruce Proper Motion Survey (Luyten)
BPMA — Bordeaux Catalogue (double stars)
Bradley
Brandt — (for example: open star cluster Brandt 1 at 8:09:32 / -47°20'12") ( = Pozzo 1) (very near Gamma Velorum, also known as 'Regor')
Brand / Wouterloot (BW) (open star clusters)
Brey — Jacques Breysacher, Large Magellanic Cloud Wolf–Rayet stars
BRI — B_j, R, I survey
Briceno (open star clusters) — César Briceño (for example: Briceno 1 at the star 25 Orionis)
BRHT — Bhatia-Read-Hatzidimitriou-Tritton
Brosch — Noah Brosch (open star clusters)
Brso/Bso — Brisbane Observatory, Australia (double stars)
Brt — Samuel Goodwin Barton (double stars)
Btz — Ernst Bernewitz (double stars)
Bry — Walter William Bryant (double stars)
BSDL — Bica-Schmitt-Dutra-Oliveira Cluster
BV — Bohm-Vitense (planetary nebulae)
BVD — Rafael Benavides Palencia (double stars)

C

C — Caldwell catalogue (Sir Patrick Moore)
Caballero-Solano — (for example: open star cluster Caballero-Solano 1 at Delta Orionis, also known as the Mintaka cluster)
Calvet — Nuria Calvet (telescopic asterisms)
Camargo — Denilso Camargo (open star clusters)
Canali — (telescopic asterisms)
CAPERS — CANDELS-Area Prism Epoch of Reionization Survey
Capo/Cpo — Cape Observatory, South Africa (double stars)
CARMA
Carpenter — (for example: Carpenter 1 at galactic coordinates 213.34 / -12.60) (= BDB 229, = FSR 1086, = MWSC 732)
Carraro — (for example: open star cluster Carraro 1 at 10:37:00 / -58°44'00") (NW of the Eta Carinae Nebula)
Casado — Juan Casado (open star clusters)
CBB — (open star clusters)
CCCP-Cl — (open star clusters)
CCCP-Gp — (open star clusters)
CCCS — Catalogue of Cool Carbon Stars
CCDM — Catalog of Components of Double and Multiple Stars
CCO — Catalogue of Cometary Orbits
CCS — General Catalogue of Cool Carbon Stars
- CCS2 — General Catalog of S Stars, second edition
CD / CoD — Cordoba Durchmusterung
CDIMP — Catalogue of Discoveries and Identifications of Minor Planets
CED — Sven Cederblad [sv] (gaseous nebula)
CEL — Celescope Catalogue of Ultraviolet Magnitudes
CEERS — Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science Survey
Cezar — (for example: Cezar 6 at galactic coordinates 204.93 / -13.83)
CF – Cape Observatory Faint Stars survey (Spencer Jones)
CFBDSIR — Canada-France Brown Dwarfs Survey-InfraRed
CG — Cometary Globule (for example: CG 4 in Puppis, also known as 'God's Hand')
CGCG — Catalogue of Galaxies and Clusters of Galaxies
CGCS — Catalogue of Galactic Cool Carbon Stars
CGMW — Candidate Galaxy behind the Milky Way (planetary nebulae)
CGO — Catalogue of Galactic O Stars
CGSS — Catalogue of Galactic S Stars
CH — Casado-Hendey (open clusters)
Chaple — Glenn Chaple (for example: Chaple 1 at galactic coordinates 74.46 / +3.66, which is an asterism called Chaple's Arc, and also Cygnus Fairy Ring, and HD 190466 Group, and Ramakers 20)
Chatard — Jean-Pierre Chatard (telescopic asterisms)
Che — P. S. Chevalier [fr] (double stars)
Chereul — E. Chereul (moving groups of stars)
Chiravalle — John Chiravalle (for example: Chiravalle 1 in Hercules, at galactic coordinates 75.25 / +27.91, which is an asterism called Candle and Holder).
Chupina — Natalia Victorovna Chupina (Chupina objects 1 to 5 are located at and near open star cluster Messier 67 in Cancer)
CIO — Catalog of Infrared Observations
CLUST — (open star clusters)
CMC — Carlsberg Meridian Catalogue
Cn — Cannon (planetary nebulae) (Cn1 / Cn2 / Cn3)
Cog — Wilbur Adelman Cogshall (double stars)
Col — Collins (double stars)
Com — George Cary Comstock (double stars)
Cop — Ralph Copeland (double stars)
Coro/Coo — Córdoba Observatory, Argentina (double stars)
CoRoT — CoRoT Catalogue
- CoRoT-Exo — CoRoT Catalogue
Cou — Paul Couteau [fr] (double stars)
CP — Cambridge Pulsar
CPC — Cape Photographic Catalogue
CPD — Cape Photographic Durchmusterung
Cr — Collinder (open star clusters) (Per Collinder)
Crinklaw — Greg Crinklaw (telescopic asterisms)
CRL — Cambridge Research Laboratory Sky-Survey (three color infrared sky survey)
Cruls/Cru — Luís Cruls (double stars)
CRTS — Catalina Real-Time Transient Survey (transient and variable objects)
CSC/CXO — Chandra X-Ray Observatory Source Catalogue (X-ray sources)
- 2CXO – Chandra X-ray Observatory release 2
- CXOCDFS — Chandra X-ray Observatory Deep-Field South Survey
- CXOGC — Chandra X-ray Observatory Galactic Center Catalogue
- CXOM31 — Chandra X-ray Observatory Messier 31 Catalogue (used for X-ray sources in M31)
- CXOU — Chandra X-ray Observatory Unregistered Catalogue
CSI — Catalog of Stellar Identifications
CSV — Catalog of Suspected Variables
CSS — General Catalogue of S Stars
CTA — Caltech Observatory, list A (galactic nebulae)
CTB — Caltech Observatory, list B (galactic nebulae)
CTSS — Capellaro-Turatto-Salvadori-Sabbadin (planetary nebulae)
CWNU — China West Normal University (star clusters)
Cz — Mieczysław Czernik (open star clusters)

D

D — James Dunlop (A catalogue of nebulae and clusters of stars in the southern hemisphere, observed at Parramatta in New South Wales)
DA — Dominion Observatory List A
Dachs SMC — Joachim Dachs (stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud)
Danjon — André-Louis Danjon (double stars)
Danks — (open star clusters) (for example: Danks 1 & 2, located near the northeastern Centaurus section of the Coalsack Nebula)
Dawes — William Rutter Dawes (double stars)
δ — Bernhard Hildebrandt Dawson (double stars)
DBSB03, I.R. — (open star clusters)
DB2000 (Dutra-Bica 2000, I.R.) (open star clusters)
DB2001 (Dutra-Bica 2001, I.R.) (open star clusters)
DC — Drake Cluster (open star clusters) (Andrew John Drake)
DCld — A catalogue of southern dark clouds
DdDm — Dolidze-Dzimselejsvili (planetary nebulae)
DDO — David Dunlap Observatory (Dwarf Galaxies)
DeHt — Dengel-Hartl (Dengl-Hartl) (planetary nebulae) (for example: DeHt 1 at 5:55 / -22°54' in Lepus)
Dem — Ercole Dembowski (double stars)
DEM L — Davies-Elliott-Meaburn Large Magellanic Cloud (deep sky objects)
DEM S — Davies-Elliott-Meaburn Small Magellanic Cloud (deep sky objects)
DENIS — Deep Near Infrared Survey of the Southern Sky
- DENIS-P — Deep Near Infrared Survey, Provisory designation
Desvoivres — Emmanuel Desvoivres (telescopic asterisms)
DG — Dorschner-Gürtler (galactic nebulae)
DHW — Dengel-Hartl-Weinberger (planetary nebulae)
Dias — Wilton S. Dias, UNIFEI (open star clusters)
Dick — J. Dick (double stars)
Djorg — Stanislav George Djorgovski (globular star clusters) (for example: Djorgovski 1 in Scorpius)
Dju — Petar Đurković (P. Djurkovic) (double stars)
DM — Durchmusterung
- BD — Bonner Durchmusterung
- CD / CoD — Cordoba Durchmusterung
- CPD — Cape Photographic Durchmusterung
DN — Duus-Newell (Catalogue of Southern Groups and Clusters of Galaxies) (Alan Duus / Barry Newell)
DO — Dearborn Observatory
Do — Madona V. Dolidze (open star clusters) (57 items)
Dob — August William Doberck [sv] (double stars)
DOBASHI — Kazuhito Dobashi (dark clouds)
Dom — Jean Dommanget (double stars)
Don — Henry Frederick Donner (double stars)
Donatiello — Giuseppe Donatiello (for example: dwarf spheroidal galaxy Donatiello I in Andromeda)
Doo — Eric Doolittle (double stars)
DoDz — Dolidze-Dzimselejsvili (open star clusters) (11 items)
Dorpat — Dorpat Observatory, Estonia
DR — Downes and Rinehart microwave sources
Du — Nils Christoffer Dunér (double stars)
Δ — James Dunlop (double stars)
Dutra-Bica — Carlos Maximiliano Dutra and Eduardo Luiz Damiani Bica (open star clusters)
DWB — Dickel, Wendker, Bieritz (A catalogue of optically visible HII regions in the Cygnus X region)
Dwingeloo — Dwingeloo Obscured Galaxy Survey (DOGS) (for example: Dwingeloo 1 and Dwingeloo 2 in Cassiopeia)

E

E — (for example: globular star cluster E 3 at 9:20:59 / -77°16'57", in Chamaeleon) (source: Bruno S. Alessi's and Wilton S. Dias's lists)
EC — Edinburgh-Cape Blue Object Survey
ECC — Early Cold Core Catalogue
eFEDS — eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth Survey (X-ray sources)
Edg — Daniel W. Edgecomb (double stars)
[EG97] — Eckart + Genzel, 1997 (Stars close to Sagittarius A*, like [EG97]S2.)
Egb — Egbert (double stars)
EGB — Ellis-Grayson-Bond (planetary nebulae)
Eggen — Olin J. Eggen (double stars)
EGGR — Eggen-Greenstein proper motion star
Ek — Sven Eklund (planetary nebula candidates)
EkGo — Eklund-Goodhew (planetary nebula candidates)
Elosser — David Elosser (telescopic asterisms)
EMP — Ephemerides of Minor Planets
Eng — Engelmann (double stars)
EPIC — Ecliptic Plane Input Catalog
Escorial — (open star clusters)
ESO — European Southern Observatory Catalog, ESO/Uppsala catalog
Esp — T. E. H. Espin (double stars)
Es/Birm — Espin/Birmingham (catalogue of red stars)
ETHOS — Extreme Turquoise Halo Object Survey (planetary nebulae, like ETHOS 1)

F

F — Fath — Edward Arthur Fath [cs], 1880–1959 (for example: galaxy Fath 703, aka NGC 5892, in Libra)
Fa — Fairall (Anthony Patrick Fairall, 1943–2008)
Fal — Bray Falls (planetary nebulae) (Example: Fal 1)
FalFer — Bray Falls and Chester Hall-Fernandez (planetary nebulae)
FCC — Fornax Cluster Catalogue
Fei — Feinstein (open star clusters) (for example: Feinstein 1 at 11:05:56 / -59°49'00" in Carina)
Feibelman (for example: open star cluster Feibelman 1 near 'The Revenante of the Swan' 34-P Cygni)
Feigelson — Eric D. Feigelson (for example: open star cluster Feigelson 1 at 11:59:51 / -78°12'27", in Chamaeleon, at the binary star Epsilon Chamaeleonis)
Ferrero (telescopic asterisms)
Φ — William Stephen Finsen (double stars)
Fg — Williamina Fleming (planetary nebulae), for example: Fleming 1
FK4 — Fourth Fundamental Catalogue
FK5 — Fifth Fundamental Catalogue
Fle — Joachim Otto Fleckenstein [de] (double stars)
FLM — Historia coelestis Britannica (Flamsteed designation)
For — Lucien Forgeron (double stars)
Fox — Philip Fox (double stars)
frEGGs — Free-floating Evaporating Gaseous Globules
French — Sue French (from Sky and Telescope)
Fr — Frolov (open star clusters) (for example: Frolov 1 at 23:57:25 / +61°37'48" in Cassiopeia)
Franz — J. Franz (double stars)
Frh — Ragnar Furuhjelm (double stars)
Frk — W. S. Franks (double stars and colours of stars) (probably William Sadler Franks, published a catalogue of the colours of 3890 stars)
FSC — Faint Source Catalogue
FSR — Froebrich-Scholz-Raftery, I.R. (open and globular star clusters) (for example: globular star cluster FSR 1758 in Scorpius)
Fur — Herbert Henry Furner (double stars)

G

G — Lowell Proper Motion Survey (Giclas)
- GD — Lowell Proper Motion Survey (Giclas dwarf)
- GR* — Lowell Proper Motion Survey (Giclas red star)
- HG — Lowell Proper Motion Survey (Giclas Hyades)
Gale — Walter Frederick Gale (double stars)
Gallo — Joaquín Gallo (double stars)
GAn — G. Anderson (double stars)
Gaia catalogues (general purpose)
- Gaia DR1 — Gaia data release 1
- Gaia DR2 — Gaia data release 2
- Gaia EDR3 — Early Gaia data release 3
- Gaia DR3 — Gaia data release 3
GC — Catalogue of Nebulae and Clusters of Stars
GC (Boss) — Boss general catalogue of 33342 stars
GCRV — General Catalogue of Stellar Radial Velocities
GCTP — General Catalogue of Trigonometric Parallaxes
GCVS — General Catalog of Variable Stars
GGD — Gyulbudaghian-Glushkov-Denisyuk (deep sky objects)
Giclas — Henry L. Giclas (double stars)
Gl / GJ — Gliese–Jahreiß catalogue or Gliese–Jahreiß catalogue
GJJC — Gillett-Jacoby-Joyce-Cohen (planetary nebulae)
Gli — James Melville Gilliss (double stars)
GLIMPSE — (together with Mercer in the list of 10978 star clusters)
GLMP — Garcia-Lario-Manchado-Pych (planetary nebulae)
Glp — S. de Glasenapp (double stars)
GM — Gyulbudaghian-Maghakian (planetary nebulae) (Armen L. Gyulbudaghian and Tigran Yu. Magakian)
GMBCG – Gaussian Mixture Brightest Cluster Galaxy Catalogue (galaxy clusters)
GMP — Godwin-Metcalfe-Peach (galaxies in the Coma Cluster)
GN — Atlas Galaktischer Nebel (galactic nebulae)
GOODS-N — Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey North
GOODS-S — Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey South
Gol — Hermann Goldschmidt (double stars)
GOS — Galactic O Star Catalogue
- GOSSS — Galactic O-Star Spectroscopic Survey
Goyal — A.N. Goyal (double stars)
Graham (for example: open star cluster Graham 1 at 10:56:32 / -63:01:04 in Carina)
Gr — Grant (double stars)
Grasdalen — Gary Lars Grasdalen (open star clusters)
GR — Gibson Reaves (for example: Gibson Reaves 8 (GR 8) (galaxy) in Virgo) (Gibson Reaves, 1923–2005)
GRB — Gamma Ray Burst
Grindlay — Jonathan E. Grindlay (globular star clusters) (for example: Grindlay 1 in Scorpius, at 17:32.0 / -33°50')
GRO — Gamma Ray Observatory (NASA — Compton)
Groombridge — (Stephen Groombridge, 1755–1832)
GSC — Guide Star Catalog
- GSC2 / GSC II — Guide Star Catalog II
GSPC — Guide Star Photometric Catalog
- GSPC2 — Guide Star Photometric Catalog, 2nd
Gsh — James Glaisher (double stars)
GSH / GS — Giant supershell/superbubble
GΣ — G. Struve (double stars)
Gtb — K. Gottlieb (double stars)
Gui — Joseph Guillaume (double stars)
Gum — Gum catalog of emission nebulae

H

h — John Herschel (double stars)
H — Haro (planetary nebulae)
H — Harvard (open star clusters)
H — William Herschel (double stars)
HA — ? (for example: galaxy HA 85 in Telescopium, see chart 26 in Wil Tirion's Sky-Atlas 2000.0) (however, chart 435 in Uranometria 2000.0, Volume 2, 1987 edition, shows this object as ESO 183-G30)
Haf — Hans Haffner [de] (open star clusters)
Hall — Asaph Hall (double stars)
HAT-P — HATNet Project, Hungarian Automated Telescope Network (search for extrasolar planets)
HATS — HATNet Project, southern hemisphere.
HaTr — Hartl-Tritton (planetary nebulae)
HaWe — Hartl-Weinberger (planetary nebulae)
Haufen — (for example: Haufen A in Cetus, at 1h 08.9m / -15° 25' (2000.0), which is, according to Sky Catalogue 2000.0, Volume 2, the same as Abell 151)
Hav/Moffat — Havlen-Moffat (open star clusters)
Hb — Hubble (planetary nebulae)
HBC — Herbig-Bell Catalogue (planetary nebulae)
HC — Howell-Crisp (planetary nebulae)
HCG — Hickson Compact Group
HCWils — Herbert Couper Wilson [de] (double stars)
HD — Henry Draper Catalogue
HDE — Henry Draper Extension
HDEC — Henry Draper Extension Charts
HdO — Harvard Observatory USA, and stations elsewhere (double stars)
HDW — Hartl-Dengel-Weinberger (planetary nebulae)
Hdz — Harvard Zone Catalogues (double stars)
HE — Hamburg/ESO Survey
He — Henize (planetary nebulae)
Hen — Henize Catalogues of Hα-Emission Stars and Nebulae in the Magellanic Clouds
Hewett — Paul Hewett (planetary nebulae)
Hf — Dorrit Hoffleit (planetary nebulae)
HFG — Heckathorn-Fesen-Gull (planetary nebulae)
HH — Herbig-Haro object
HIC — Hipparcos Input Catalogue
HIP — Hipparcos Catalogue
HIPASS — HI Parkes All-Sky Survey
Hld — Edward S. Holden (double stars)
Hlm — Edwin Holmes (double stars)
Hln — Francis "Frank" Holden (double stars)
HN — William Herschel's 1821 catalogue (double stars)
Ho — Helen Sawyer Hogg (open star clusters)
Ho — George W. Hough (double stars)
Holmberg — Erik Holmberg (dwarf irregular galaxies)
Hooke — Robert Hooke (double stars)
Howe — Herbert Alonzo Howe (double stars)
HP — Haute-Provence Observatory (globular star clusters) (for example: HP 1 in Ophiuchus, at 17:31.1 / -29°59')
HR — Bright Star Catalogue (Harvard Revised Catalogue)
Hrg — Lawrence Hargrave (double stars)
Hrr — Phil Harrington (telescopic asterisms)
HΣ — Hermann von Struve (double stars)
HS — Hamburg Survey (quasars and blue stars)
HSC — Hubble Source Catalog (lists of sources from the Hubble Space Telescope)
Hst — Charles S. Hastings (double stars)
Hu — Milton L. Humason (planetary nebulae)
Hu — William J. Hussey (double stars)
HuBi — Hu-Bibo (planetary nebulae) (J. Y. Hu and E. A. Bibo)
HuDo — Hu-Dong (planetary nebulae)
Hurt — Robert Hurt (for example: globular star cluster Hurt 2, aka 2MASS-GC02 in Sagittarius)
Huygens — Christiaan Huygens (double stars)
HV — Harvard Variable
HVGC — Hyper Velocity Globular Cluster (for example: HVGC-1 in the supergiant elliptical galaxy Messier 87 in Virgo)
HVS — HyperVelocity Stars
HW — Hodge-Wright
Hynek — J. Allen Hynek (double stars)
Hz — Wulff-Dieter Heintz (double stars)
Hzg — Ejnar Hertzsprung (double stars)

I

I — Robert Thorburn Ayton Innes (R.T.A. Innes, 1861–1933) (double stars)
IC — Index Catalogue
- IC I — Index Catalogue I
- IC II — Index Catalogue II
IDCS — IRAC Distant Cluster Survey
IDS — Index Catalogue of Visual Double Stars
IGR — Integral Gamma-Ray source
IPHAS — The INT Photometric Hα Survey of the Northern Galactic Plane
IPHASX — INT/WFC Photometric Hα Survey extended object
IRAS — Infrared Astronomical Satellite
IRS — International Reference Star
IRSF — Infrared Survey Facility
Isk — Srbuhi "Sofik" Gevorg Iskudarian (open star clusters) (for example: Iskudarian 1 in the northern section of the rhombus β, γ, δ, and ζ Lyrae)
Isserstedt — Jörg Isserstedt (telescopic asterisms)
IsWe — Ishida-Weinberger (planetary nebulae)
Ivanov (open star clusters)

J

J — Robert Jonckheere's catalogue of double star observations (see for an article about it)
Ja — Harold Jacoby (planetary nebulae) (for example: Jacoby 1 at 15:23 / +52°14' in Boötes)
JaFu — Jacoby-Fullton (planetary nebulae)
JAn — John August Anderson (double stars)
Jc — William Stephen Jacob (double stars)
Jef — Hamilton Moore Jeffers (double stars)
Jn — Rebecca Jones (planetary nebulae) (for example: Jones 1 at 23:36 / +30°28' in Pegasus)
JnEr — Jones-Emberson (planetary nebulae) (for example: Jones-Emberson 1 in Lynx, also known as the Headphone Nebula) (Rebecca Jones and Richard M. Emberson)
Jo — Jones (double stars)
Johansson — (open star clusters) (for example: Johansson 1 at 15:46:20 / -52:22:54 in Norma)
Joy — Alfred Harrison Joy (double stars)
JP11 – a 1978 catalog compiling photometric measurements in Harold Johnson's 11-color photometric system
Jsp — Morris Ketchum Jessup (double stars)
Juchert — Matthias Juchert (open star clusters)
Juchert-Saloranta — Matthias Juchert and Jaakko Saloranta (telescopic asterisms)
JW — Jones' & Walker's list of stars near the Orion Nebula.

K

K — Luboš Kohoutek (planetary nebulae)
K — Köhler's Deepsky Catalogue
Ka — Valentina Karachentseva [ru] (dwarf galaxies)
Ka LMC — Sebastian Kamann (Example: Planetary nebula Ka LMC 1)
Karhula — Timo Karhula (for example: open star cluster Karhula 1 near planetary nebula Messier 76 in Perseus)
K2 — K2 (Kepler extended mission) catalog
KELT — Kilodegree Extremely Little Telescope (search for extrasolar planets)
Kemble — Father Lucian Kemble [ro] (asterisms which could be observed through binoculars, for example: Kemble 1, aka Kemble's Cascade in Camelopardalis)
Kepler — Kepler catalog
Kes — Michael J. Kesteven (supernova remnants). For example: Kesteven 79
KFR — Kerber-Furlan-Roth (planetary nebulae)
K / Kg — Ivan R. King (open star clusters)
KGZ — Catalogue de Zimmerman
Kharchenko — Nina V. Kharchenko (for example: open star cluster Kharchenko 1 at 6:08:48 / +24:19:54 near or at Messier 35 in Gemini)
KIC — Kepler Input Catalog
Kim — Dongwon Kim (for example: globular star cluster Kim 2 in Indus)
KjPn — Kazaryan-Parsamyan (planetary nebulae)
Klemola (for example: Klemola 44 galaxy cluster in Sculptor) (? — Arnold Richard Klemola, 1931–2019)
KMHK — Kontizas-Morgan-Hatzidimitiou-Kontizas (star clusters in the Large Magellanic Cloud)
KMK — Kontizas-Metaxa-Kontizas
KMK88 — Kontizas-Metaxa-Kontizas, 1988
KnFs — Kinman-Feast-Lasker (planetary nebulae)
Knott / Kn — George Knott (double stars)
KOI — Kepler Object of Interest
Kontizas — Evangelos Kontizas [el] (for example: Kontizas 953 in Dorado) (in the Large Magellanic Cloud)
Koposov — Sergey Koposov (open and globular star clusters) (for example: globular star clusters Koposov 1 and Koposov 2 in Virgo and Gemini)
Kr — A. Kruger (double stars) (probably Karl Nikolaus Adalbert Krueger, 1832–1896)
Kron — Gerald Kron
Kronberger — Matthias Kronberger (globular star clusters) (for example: Kron 3 in Tucana)
Kronberger — (for example: open star cluster Kronberger 1 at 5:28:20 / +34°46'52", aka Alicante 12, in Auriga)
Kru — E. C. Kruger (double stars)
Ku — Karl Friedrich Küstner (double stars)
KUG — Kiso Survey for Ultraviolet-excess Galaxies
Kui — Gerard P. Kuiper, 1905–73 (double stars)
KUV — Kiso Observatory, UV-excess object

L

L / BPM — Bruce Proper Motion Survey (Luyten)
La — Samuel Langley (double stars)
Lac — N. de Lacaille, 1713–62 (double stars)
Lac — Catalog of Nebulae of the Southern Sky (Lacaille)
- Lac I — Nebulae
- Lac II — Nebulous Star Clusters
- Lac III — Nebulous Stars
Lacchini — Giovanni Battista Lacchini (double stars)
Laevens — Benjamin P. M. Laevens (globular clusters and dwarf galaxies), for example: Laevens 1 in Crater, Laevens 2 in Triangulum (Triangulum II), Laevens 3 in Delphinus.
Lal — F. de Lalande (double stars)
Lam — Johann von Lamont (double stars)
λ (Lambda) — (mentioned in T. W. Webb's Celestial Objects for Common Telescopes, Volume 2: The Stars, pages 285–319: Index of Double Stars, Epoch 2000)
- Printed examples from the 'Lambda' catalogue: λ 32 (RA 3:47.9), λ 88 (RA 7:48.9), λ 91 (RA 7:55.7), λ 96 (RA 8:12.5), λ 108 (RA 9:0.3), λ 115 (RA 9:37.1), λ 140 (RA 11:56.7), λ 176 (RA 13:20.5), λ 228 (RA 15:23.2), λ 249 (RA 15:47.6), λ 316 (RA 17:0.4), λ ? (RA 17:6.4), λ 320 (RA 17:12.2), λ 342 (RA 17:53.3). All examples are located in the southern celestial hemisphere. The 'Lambda' catalogue is related to T.J.J.See's catalogue of double stars.
LAMOST — Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fibre Spectroscopic Telescope (Guo Shoujing Telescope)
Latham — David Latham (for example: Latham 1 at 13:10:50 / +30°28'36" in Coma Berenices)
Latysev — I. N. Latysev/Latyshev (Ivan Nikolaevich Latyshev) (open star clusters)
Lau — Hans-Emil Lau (double stars)
LBN — Lynds' Catalogue of Bright Nebulae
Lbz — Paul Labitzke (double stars)
LDN — Lynds' Catalogue of Dark Nebulae
LDS — Luyten Double Star catalogue
LCSB / LSB — Low-Contrast Sky Brightness Catalogue (cosmic structures)
LEDA — Lyon-Meudon Extragalactic Database
Lederman — Guillaume Le Gentil (telescopic asterisms)
Le Gentil — (for example: Le Gentil 3 in Cygnus, at 21:08 / +51°40') (dark nebula)
Leon — Frederick C. Leonard (double stars)
Le-Wa — Levy-Wallach
Lewis — Thomas Lewis (double stars)
LFT — Luyten Five-Tenths catalogue
LG11 — Lépine & Gaidos 2011, bright M dwarfs
LGG — Lyons Groups of Galaxies
LGGS — Local Group Galaxy Survey
LGS — (for example: dwarf galaxy LGS 3 in Pisces, also known as the Pisces Dwarf)
LH — Lucke-Hodge (OB associations in the Large Magellanic Cloud)
LHA — Lamont-Hussey Alpha
LHS — Luyten Half-Second catalogue
Liller (globular star clusters) (for example: Liller 1 in Scorpius)
LISC — Zhongmu Li team's star clusters
LMC-SMP — Large Magellanic Cloud, Sanduleak-McConnell-Philip
Lo — Lars Olof Lodén (open star clusters)
Lo — Longmore
Loiano — (for example: open star cluster Loiano 1 at 19:58:21 / +32°32'42" in Cygnus)
Lorenzin — Tomm Lorenzin (telescopic asterisms)
LoTr — Longmore-Tritton (planetary nebulae)
LP — Luyten-Palomar Survey
LP — Lei Liu and Xiaoying Pang's star cluster catalogue
LPM — Luyten Proper-Motion Catalogue
LPO — La Plata Observatory, Argentina
LS — either of two "Luminous Stars" catalogues; see LSN and LSS, below
LS — Lensed Star (LS 1 = 'Icarus' in Leo) (see MACS J1149 Lensed Star 1)
LSA — Lundstrom-Stenholm-Acker (planetary nebulae)
LSN — Luminous Stars in the Northern Milky Way
LSPM — LSPM catalog — Lépine-Shara Proper Motion catalog
LSR — Lepine-Shara-Rich catalogue
LSS — Luminous Stars in the Southern Milky Way
LTT — Luyten Two-Tenths catalogue
Luginbuhl-Skiff — (for example: open star cluster Luginbuhl-Skiff 1 at 6:14:48 / +12°52'24", slightly east of open star cluster NGC 2194 in Orion)
Luhman — Kevin Luhman (for example: Luhman 16 in Vela)
Luy — Willem Jacob Luyten (double stars)
Lv — Francis Preserved Leavenworth (double stars)
LV — Local Volume Catalogue (galaxies)
Ly — Gösta Lyngå [sv] (open star clusters)

M

M — Catalog of Nebulae and Star Clusters (Messier object)
M — Rudolph Minkowski (planetary nebulae)
[M2002] LMC — Massey, 2002 LMC (luminous stars)
[M2002] SMC — Massey, 2002 SMC (luminous stars)
Ma — Johann Heinrich von Mädler (double stars)
Mac — Thomas Maclear (double stars)
MacConnell — Darrell Jack MacConnell (planetary nebulae)
MACS — Massive Cluster Survey or Magellanic Catalogue of Stars
MACHO — MACHO Project lensing events (Massive Compact Halo Object)
- MACHO-LMC — MACHO Project Large Magellanic Cloud Microlensing
- MACHO-SML — MACHO Project Small Magellanic Cloud Microlensing
Maehara — Hiroyuki Maehara (planetary nebulae)
Maffei — Paolo Maffei (for example: galaxies Maffei 1 and Maffei 2 in Cassiopeia)
Mailyan — (for example: Mailyan 44, aka Holmberg I / DDO 63 / UGC 5139, at 9h 40.5m / +71° 11' in Ursa Major)
Malin — David Malin (for example: the largest galaxy known; Malin 1 in Coma Berenices)
Mamajek — Eric Mamajek (open star clusters) (for example: Mamajek 1 at 8:42:06 / -79°01'38" in Chamaeleon, also known as η Chamaeleontis cluster or η Chamaeleontis association)
Markov (telescopic asterisms) (for example: Markov 1 in Hercules)
MAXI — Monitor of All-sky X-ray Image
Mayall — Nicholas Mayall (for example: globular star cluster Mayall II orbiting Messier 31, the Andromeda galaxy)
Mayer (open star clusters)
McC — McCormick Observatory Catalog
MCG — Morphological Catalogue of Galaxies
MCW — Morgan, Code, and Whitford
Me — Paul W. Merrill (planetary nebulae)
Mel — Melotte Catalogue of open star clusters (Philibert Jacques Melotte)
Mercer (for example: globular star cluster Mercer 3 in Scutum)
MGC (globular star clusters) (for example: MGC1 in Pisces)
MGP — Manchado-Garcia-Lario-Pottasch (planetary nebulae)
MGRO — Milagro Gamma-Ray Observatory Catalogue (Gamma-ray sources)
Mh — Ormsby M. Mitchel (double stars) (probably John Anthony Miller)
Mil — J.A. Miller (double stars)
Miller (open star clusters) (for example: Miller 1 at 9:25:42 / -53°14'00", near the variable star GL Velorum, in Vela)
Milb — William Milburn (double stars)
MlbO — Melbourne Observatory, Australia (double stars)
Mlf — Frank Muller (double stars)
Mlr — Paul Muller (double stars)
MN — Mina-Nicholls (stars, like MN 102)
Moffat — Anthony Moffat (open star clusters) (for example: Moffat 1 at 16:01:30 / -54°07'00" in Norma)
Moitinho — André Moitinho de Almeida (open star clusters) (for example: Moitinho 1 at 8:19:17 / -45°12'30", southwest of the Gum Nebula, in Vela)
MoM — Mirage or Miracle Survey (Example: MoM-z14)
MPC — Minor Planet Circulars contain astrometric observations, orbits and ephemerides of both minor planets and comets
Mrk — Benjamin "Benik" Egishevitch Markarian (open star clusters and galaxies; the Markarian galaxies)
MRMGL — Manchado-Riera-Mampaso-Garcia-Lario (planetary nebulae)
MSH — Mills, Slee, Hill — Catalog of Radio Sources
Muzzio — Juan Carlos Muzzio [fr] (open star clusters) (for example: Muzzio 1 at 8:57:12 / -47°46'00" in Vela)
MW — Mandel-Wilson Catalogue of Unexplored Nebulae, not in SIMBAD yet
MWC – Mount Wilson Observatory Catalogue (1933) Class O, B and A stars with bright hydrogen lines
MWSC — Milky Way Star Clusters Catalogue
MWP — Motch-Werner-Pakull (planetary nebulae)
MyCn — Mayall-Cannon (planetary nebulae)
Mz — Donald Howard Menzel (planetary nebulae)

N

N — (for example: N 164 nebula in Dorado)
Na — Jason John Nassau (planetary nebulae)
Naillon — (telescopic asterisms) (source: Bruno S. Alessi's list)
N30 — Catalog of 5,268 Standard Stars Based on the Normal System N30
Neckerman (telescopic asterisms) (for example: Neckerman 1, aka Kemble 2 "Little Cassiopeia").
NED — NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database
Negueruela — (Ignacio Negueruela)
NeVe — Neckel-Vehrenberg (planetary nebulae)
New — ? (galaxies)
- New 1 in Cetus (source: The Deep-Sky Field Guide to Uranometria 2000.0, Cragin-Lucyk-Rappaport, chart 262).
- New 5 in Sagittarius (thus mentioned on chart 22 of Wil Tirion's Sky-Atlas 2000.0, mentioned as ESO 285-G7 on charts 411 and 412 in Uranometria 2000.0 Volume 2, 1987 edition).
- New 6 in Indus (chart 23 in Tirion's Sky-Atlas 2000.0, chart 413 in the 1987 edition of Uranometria 2000.0, Volume 2) (as ESO 287-G13)
NGC — New General Catalogue
NGTS — Next-Generation Transit Survey (extrasolar planets)
NHICAT — Northern HIPASS Catalog
NLTT — New Luyten Two-Tenths Catalogue
NOMAD — The Naval Observatory Merged Astrometric Dataset (NOMAD)
NRL — Naval Research Laboratory X-Ray
NStars — Nearby Stars Database
NSV — New Catalogue of Suspected Variable Stars
NVSS — NRAO VLA Sky Survey (radio astronomical objects)
NZO — New Zealand Observatory (double stars)

O

O — O'Neal (open star clusters)
OCL — Open Clusters
OCSN — Open Clusters of Solar Neighborhood Catalogue
OEC — Open Exoplanet Catalogue
OGC — Ogle Galaxy Catalogue (Example: OGC 94)
OGLE — Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment
Ol — Charles Pollard Olivier (double stars)
Opik — Ernst J. Opik (double stars)
ORC — Odd radio circles
OSC — Open Supernova Catalog
OΣ — Otto Struve, Pulkovo Catalogue, 1843 (double stars)
OΣΣ — Otto Struve, Pulkovo Catalogue Supplement, 1843 (double stars)
OSS — Ohio Sky Survey
OTC — Open TDE Catalog
OTS — Oasa-Tamura-Sugitani (young stellar objects)
Ou — Nicolas Outters (for example: Ou 4, the 'Squid Nebula' in Cepheus) (see APOD — Astronomy Picture Of the Day — July 18, 2014).

P

P — Charles Dillon Perrine (double stars)
PACWB — Catalogue of Particle-Accelerating Colliding-Wind Binaries
PAL — Palomar Globular Clusters (15 globular clusters discovered on the Palomar Observatory Sky Survey plates)
Par — Parkhurst (double stars)
Parenago — Parenago Catalogue of Stars in Orion Nebula
Parsamian / Parsamyan — Elma Parsamyan (comentary nebulae)
PaŽib — Patchick-Žiberg (planetary nebula candidates, Example: PaŽib 1 in Auriga)
PB — Peimbert-Batiz (planetary nebulae)
PBOZ — Pottasch-Bignell-Olling-Zijlstra (planetary nebulae)
PC — Peimbert-Costero (planetary nebulae)
PCCS — Planck Catalogue of Compact Sources
- PCCS2 — Planck Catalogue of Compact Sources, Release 2
- PCCS2E — Planck Catalogue of Compact Sources, Release 2 Extended Zone
Pe — Luboš Perek (planetary nebulae)
Perr — Henri Joseph Anastase Perrotin (double stars)
Perry — Perry (double stars)
Pfl — Jörg Pfleiderer [de]
PG — Palomar-Green (catalogue of ultraviolet excess stellar objects)
PGC — Principal Galaxies Catalogue
PGCC — Planck Catalogue of Cold Clumps (cold sources)
PH — Planet Hunters
PHL — Palomar-Haro-Luyten catalogue
PHR — Parker-Hartley-Russell (planetary nebulae)
Pi — Pismis (Paris Pişmiş, 1911–1999) (catalogue of 22 open star clusters and 2 globular star clusters)
PK — Catalogue of galactic planetary nebulae (Perek-Kohoutek)
PKS — Parkes Catalogue of Radio Sources
Platais — Imants Platais [lv]' catalogue of open star clusters
PLCK — Planck (Deep Sky Objects)
- PLCKESZ — Planck Early Sunyaev-Zeldovich Catalogue
Plq — Émile Paloque (double stars)
PLX — General Catalogue of Trigonometric Stellar Parallaxes and Supplement (Jenkins, Yale University)
PM — Andrea Preite-Martinez (planetary nebulae)
PM – Proper Motion (Eggen)
PMMR — Prévot-Martin-Maurice-Rebeirot-Rousseau (stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud)
PMC — Tokyo Photoelectric Meridian Circle Catalog
PN — See PNG
PNG — Strasbourg-ESO Catalogue of Galactic Planetary Nebulae
Pol — Pollock (double stars)
Pot — Yann Pothier (open clusters and asterisms)
Pou — Pourteau (double stars)
Pozzo — Stefania Pozzo (open clusters)
PPA — Peynaud-Parker-Acker (planetary nebulae)
PPM — Positions and Proper Motions Star Catalogues
Pri — Pritchett (double stars)
PRIMER-COS — Public Release Imaging for Extragalactic Research Cosmic Evolution Survey (Galaxies)
PRIMER-UDS — Public Release Imaging for Extragalactic Research Ultra Deep Survey (Galaxies)
PrO — Perth Observatory, Australia (double stars)
PRTM — Peña Ruiz, Torres-Peimbert, and Mermilliod (planetary nebulae)
Prz — Przbyllok (double stars)
Ps — Francis G. Pease (planetary nebulae) (for example: Pease 1 in the globular cluster Messier 15, Pegasus)
PSR — Pulsating Source of Radio (pulsars)
PSZ — Planck Sunyaev-Zeldovich Catalogue (galaxy clusters)
- PSZ1 — First Planck Sunyaev-Zeldovich Catalogue
- PSZ2 — Second Planck Sunyaev-Zeldovich Catalogue
- PSZ-MCMF — Planck Sunyaev-Zeldovich Multi-Component Mixture Finder Catalogue
- PSZ Meta — Planck Sunyaev-Zeldovich Meta Catalogue
PTFO — Palomar Transient Factory
Ptt — Pettit (double stars)
Pu — Alois Purgathofer (planetary nebulae)
PuWe — Purgathofer-Weinberger (planetary nebulae)
PWM — Pfleiderer-Weinberger-Mross (Jörg Pfleiderer [de], Ronald Weinberger [de], and Reinhold Mross)
Pz — Giuseppe Piazzi (double stars)

Q

Q (?) — (for example: galaxy Q 6188 at 0:48.6 / -12:44 in Cetus) (mentioned on charts 261 / 262 in Uranometria 2000.0 Volume 2, 1987 edition) (according to Wolfgang Steinicke and Richard Jakiel of the book Galaxies and How to Observe Them, this galaxy (Q 6188) is also catalogued as Mrk 960 and PGC 2845)
QES — QATAR Exoplanet Survey
QSO — Revised and Updated Catalog of Quasi-stellar Objects
QZM — (for example: QZM 2 at galactic coordinates 78.12 / +3.63) (J2000 — 20:14:26 / +41°13'28") (QZM 2 = Froebrich 116, = SUH 151)

R

R — Radcliffe Observatory (RMC — Radcliffe Observatory Magellanic Clouds Catalogue)
R — Rose (Rose Catalogue of Southern Clusters of Galaxies)
R — Henry Chamberlain Russell (double stars)
Raab — (open star clusters)
RAFGL — Revised Air Force Geophysical Laboratory (four color infrared sky survey)
Ramakers — Bruno Ramakers (Asterisms)
Raymond — (telescopic asterisms)
RBC — Revised Bologna Catalogue (for example: globular cluster RBC EXT8 in Messier 31; the Andromeda Galaxy)
RBS — Rosat Bright Survey (bright X-ray sources)
RC — Reference Catalogue
- RC2 — Reference Catalogue, 2nd edition
- RC3 — Reference Catalogue, 3rd edition
RCS — Red-Sequence Cluster Survey
- RCS1 — Red-Sequence Cluster Survey 1
- RCS2 — Red-Sequence Cluster Survey 2
RCW — Rodgers-Campbell-Whiteoak, a catalogue of Hα-emission regions in the southern Milky Way
RECONS — Research Consortium on Nearby Stars
Reiland — Tom Reiland (for example: open star cluster Reiland 1 at 23:04:45 / +60°04'40")
Reinmuth — Karl Wilhelm Reinmuth (galaxies) (for example: Reinmuth 80 in Virgo) (NGC 4517A)
Renou — Alexandre Renou (telescopic asterisms)
Reyle-Robin — (open star clusters, I.R.)
RGZ — Radio Galaxy Zoo Catalogue
Richaud — Richaud, 1633–93 (double stars)
Riddle — (open star clusters / telescopic asterisms)
RLGC — Ryu-Lee Globular Cluster
Rmk — Carl Ludwig Christian Rümker (double stars)
RMM — (for example: open star cluster RMM 1 at 12:12:20 / -63°15'31")
RNGC — Revised New General Catalogue
Ro — Curt Roslund [sv] (open star clusters)
Roberts — (protoplanetary nebulae)
Roe — Edward Drake Roe [de], 1859–1929 (double stars)
Roman-Lopes — (open star clusters, I.R.)
Ross — Ross Catalogue of New Proper Motion Stars (Frank Elmore Ross)
ROT — Catalogue of Rotational Velocities of the Stars
RPZM — Ratag, Pottasch, Zijlstra, and Menzies (planetary nebulae)
RSA — Revised Shapley-Ames Catalogue
RSGC / RSG — Red Super Giant Cluster (for example: RSGC 3 at 18:45:20 / -3°24'43")
RST — Catalogue of southern double stars (Richard Alfred Rossiter, 1886–1977)
Ru — Jaroslav Ruprecht (open star clusters)
RX — ROSAT observations

S

S — James South (double stars)
Sa — Nicholas Sanduleak (planetary nebulae)
SA — Aage Sandqvist (dark nebulae) (for example: Sandqvist 169 near Alpha Centauri)
SACS — Second Astrolabe Catalogue of Santiago
SAI — Sternberg Astronomical Institute
Saloranta — Jaakko Saloranta (telescopic asterisms)
SAO — Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Star Catalog
Saurer — Walter Saurer (for example: the open star cluster Saurer 1 at 7:18:18 / +1°53'12" in Canis Minor)
SaWe — Sanduleak-Weinberger (planetary nebulae)
SAX — Satellite per Astronomia a raggi X (BeppoSAX satellite)
SB — Sylvie Beaulieu (planetary nebulae)
SC — Slough catalogue ("Observations of Nebulae and Clusters of Stars, made at Slough, with a Twenty-Feet Reflector, between the years 1825 and 1833" by John Herschel; 2306 entries)
Schb — John Martin Schaeberle (double stars)
Schj — Hans Schjellerup (double stars)
Schoenberg — (for example: Schoenberg 205-6 at 6:37.1 / +10°21')
Schuster — (for example: open star cluster Schuster 1 at 10:04:39 / -55°51'29" in Vela)
SCM — Schwarz, Corradi, and Melnick catalogue.
Scott — James L. Scott (double stars)
SCR — SuperCOSMOS-RECONS
SDSO — Strottner-Drechsler-Sainty Object (Example: SDSO-1)
SDSS — Sloan Digital Sky Survey
- SDSSp — Sloan Digital Sky Survey, provisory
- SHOC --- Strong Emission Line H II Galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. I. Catalog of DR1 Objects with Oxygen Abundances from Te Measurements.
- 1SDSS — Sloan Digital Sky Survey, 1st release
- 2SDSS — reserved by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey for future release. The name is reserved to the IAU, but does not exist yet.
- 3SDSS — reserved by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey for future release. The name is reserved to the IAU, but does not exist yet.
Se — Father Angelo Secchi (double stars)
Se — José Luis Sérsic (selected list of peculiar galaxies and groups of galaxies)
See — T.J.J. See (Thomas Jefferson Jackson See, 1866–1962) (double stars) (related to the 'Lambda' catalogue which is mentioned in T.W.Webb's Celestial Objects for Common Telescopes, Volume 2: The Stars, pages 285–319: Index of Double Stars, Epoch 2000).
SEGUE — Sloan Extension for Galactic Understanding and Exploration (for example: galaxies Segue 1 in Leo, Segue 2 in Aries, and Segue 3 in Pegasus)
Sei — Julius Scheiner (double stars)
SGR — Soft Gamma Repeater
SGS — Supergiant Shell (Example: SGS 5 in the Large Magellanic Cloud)
Sh / S — Sharpless catalog (Sh 1 (1953) & Sh 2 (1959))
Sh — David Sher (open star clusters) (for example: Sher 25; also Sher 1 at 11:01:04 / -60°14'00" in Carina)
S, h — James South / John Herschel (joint 1824 catalogue of double stars)
Shk — Romela Karapet Shakhbazian (compact groups of galaxies) (for example: Shakhbazian 1 (the 'Russian Cluster') at 10:54.8 / +40°28' in Ursa Major)
Shorlin — Stephen L. S. Shorlin (for example: open star cluster Shorlin 1 at 11:05:46 / -61°13'48" in Carina)
SHV — Shuan Hughes Variable (long-period red variable stars)
ShWi — Shaw-Wirth (planetary nebulae)
Simeis — Simeis Observatory (for example: supernova remnant Simeis 147 / Sh2-240 in Taurus, also known as the 'Spaghetti Nebula')
SIMP — Sondage Infrarouge de Mouvement Propre (French: Infrared Proper Motion Survey), an all-sky survey in the near-infrared initiated in 2005 with the CPARIR camera.
Sinnott — (multiple star systems)
SIPS — Southern Infrared Proper Motion Survey
Siv — Jean-Pierre Sivan (H II regions)
Sk — Skinner (double stars)
Sk — Sanduleak (stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud)
SkKM — Sanduleak-MacConnell-Philip (red supergiant stars in the Magellanic Clouds)
Skiff — Brian A. Skiff
SL — Sandqvist-Lindroos (dark nebulae)
Slo — Auke Slotegraaf [de]
Slr — Richard Pickering Sellors (double stars)
SMACS — Southern Massive Cluster Survey
Smart — William Marshall Smart (double stars)
SMC-MG — Small Magellanic Cloud, Morgan-Good
SMC-SMP — Small Magellanic Cloud, Sanduleak-McConnell-Philip
Smyth — William Henry Smyth (1788–1865) (double stars)
Sn — C. Donald Shane (planetary nebulae)
SP77 — Sanduleak-Philip, 1977 (stars in the LMC and SMC)
Sp — Giovanni Schiaparelli (double stars)
Sp — Harlow Shapley (planetary nebulae)
Spano — (telescopic asterisms)
SPF2 — Second Cat of Fundamental Stars
SPF3 — Third Santiago-Pulkovo Fundamental Star Catalogue
SPOCS — Spectroscopic Properties of Cool Stars
SPRC — Sloan-based Polar Ring Catalogue
SRS — Southern Reference Star Catalog
SS — Sadler and Sharp (survey of E-type and S0-type galaxies)
SS — Sanduleak-Stephenson (for example: SS 433 in Aquila)
SSSPM — SuperCOSMOS Sky Survey
SSTc2d — Spitzer Space Telescope c2d Legacy Source
SSTDUSTG — DUSTiNGS (Dust in Nearby Galaxies with Spitzer)
St — Carl L. Stearns (double stars)
StDr — Strottner‐Drechsler (planetary nebula candidates)
Ste — Stephenson (open star clusters)
Stein — Johan Stein (double stars)
Steine — (open star clusters)
STF (Σ) — Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve, aka 'Struve the Father' (double stars)
- ΣI — W. Struve, First Supplement (double stars)
- ΣII — W. Struve, Second Supplement (double stars)
StM – Charles Bruce Stephenson (late M stars)
St / Stock — Jürgen Stock (open star clusters) (Stock 1 and 2 in, Stock 3 to 23 in, Stock 24 in )
Stone — Ormond Stone (double stars)
Streicher — Magda Brits Streicher (telescopic asterisms)
Stromlo — (for example: Stromlo 2 in Monoceros and Canis Major, at IC 2177; the 'Eagle Nebula')
StWr — Stock-Wróblewski (planetary nebulae) (Jürgen Stock and Herbert Wróblewski)
Sw — Swift (double stars)
SWEEPS — Sagittarius Window Eclipsing Extrasolar Planet Search
Swift — Swift (for example: Swift J1745-26 in Sagittarius) (stellar-mass black hole)
SwSt — Swings-Struve (planetary nebulae) (Pol Swings and Otto Struve)
SyO — Sydney Observatory, Australia (double stars)

T

Ta — Tarrant (double stars)
TAC — Twin Astrograph Catalog
Tc — A. David Thackeray (planetary nebulae)
TD1 — Catalogue of stellar UV fluxes (TD1 satellite)
TDC — Thompson-Djorgopvski-Carvalho (planetary nebulae) (David J. Thompson, S. George Djorgovski, Reinaldo R. de Carvalho)
TeJu — Terzan-Ju (Agop Terzan and Kang Hyang Ju)
Terz N — Agop Terzan Nebulous Catalogue
Terzan — Agop Terzan Catalogue of Globular Star Clusters (11 objects)
TGU — Tokyo Gakugei University Catalogue (dark nebulae)
- TGU H — Tokyo Gakugei University Catalogue, Dark cloud segment
- TGU P — Tokyo Gakugei University Catalogue, Dark cloud system
THA — TH-alpha catalogue of emission line stars in the Eta Carinae nebula region
Theia — Marina Kounkel and Kevin Covey's stellar cluster list
TIC — TESS Input Catalog
TIC — Tycho Input Catalog
TOI — TESS Object of Interest
Tom — Clyde Tombaugh (open star clusters)
Ton — Tonantzintla Catalogue (Blue stars and quasars due to their similar appearance to blue stars)
TPK — Teutsch-Patchick-Kronberger (asterisms) (for example: Teutsch-Patchick-Kronberger 1 at 23:39.3 / +47°30', north of the former constellation Honores Friderici in Andromeda)
TRAPPIST — Transiting Planets and Planetesimals Small Telescope
TrES — Trans-Atlantic Exoplanet Survey
- TrES-And0 — TrES of planetary candidate in the Andromeda constellation
TVLM — Tinney's Very Low Mass Catalogue
TYC — Tycho Catalogue
- TYC2 — Tycho-2 Catalogue
Tr / Trumpler — Robert Julius Trumpler's open cluster list, published in Preliminary results on the distances, dimensions and space distribution of open star clusters
Tu — Tucker (double stars)
Turner — David G. Turner (?) (open star clusters) (for example: Turner 9 at and near the variable star SU Cygni, aka 'SU Cygni cluster')

U

UBC — University of Barcelona Catalogue (open clusters)
UBV — Photoelectric Catalogue, magnitude and color of stars in UBV (Blanco et al. 1968)
UBV M — UBV Photoelectric Photometry Catalogue (Mermilliod 1987)
UCAC — USNO CCD Astrograph Catalog (UCAC1, UCAC2, UCAC3 & UCAC4)
UFMG — Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Catalogue (open clusters)
UGC — Uppsala General Catalogue (galaxies)
UGCA — Uppsala Selected non-UGC Galaxies
UKS — United Kingdom Schmidt (globular star clusters)
ULAS — UKIDDS Large Area Survey (quasars)
UNCOVER — Ultradeep Nirspec and Nircam Observations before the Epoch of Reionization (Galaxies behind galaxy cluster Abell 2744)
Up — Arthur R. Upgren (open star clusters) (only one object in this catalogue? Upgren 1) (probably Arthur R. Upgren, 1933–2017)
Up — Winslow Upton (double stars)
UPK — Ulsan Pusan Korea (open clusters)
USNO — US Naval Observatory
- USNO-A1.0— US Naval Observatory, A1.0 catalogue
- USNO-A2.0 — US Naval Observatory, A2.0 catalogue
- USNO-B1.0 — US Naval Observatory, B1.0 catalogue
uvby98 — uvbyβ photoelectric photometric catalogue, by B. Hauck, M. Mermilliod, Astron. Astrophys., Suppl. Ser., 129, 431–433 (1998)

V

vB — Van Biesbroeck's star catalog, variant, "VB"
VBRC — van den Bergh-Racine (Sidney van den Bergh and René Racine) (planetary nebulae)* VCC — Virgo Cluster Catalog
Vd — Peter O. Vandervoort (planetary nebulae)
VdB — Van den Bergh Catalog from Van den Bergh (catalogue of reflection nebulae)
- VdB-H — Van den Bergh-Herbst (open star clusters)
- VdB-Ha — Van den Bergh-Hagen (open star clusters)
VFTS — VLT-FLAMES Tarantula Survey
Vou — J. G. E. G. Voûte (double stars)
VPHAS+ — The VST Photometric Hα Survey of the Southern Galactic Plane and Bulge
VV — Vorontsov-Vel'yaminov Interacting Galaxies (Boris Aleksandrovich Vorontsov-Vel'yaminov)
VVV Survey — Vista Variables in the Via Lactea (Latin for Milky Way)
- VVV-CL — (open star clusters, I.R.)
Vy — Vyssotsky (planetary nebulae) (Alexander Vyssotsky)

W

W — Radiosource (Westerhout)
W20 — Washington 20 Catalog
[W60] — Westerlund, 1960 (stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud, like [W60] B90)
Wa / Ward — Isaac William Ward (double stars)
Wa — Waterloo (open star clusters)
WASP — Wide Angle Search for Planets
WASP0-TR — Wide Angle Search for Planets, Transit
WDS — Washington Double Star Catalog
We — Weinberger (planetary nebulae) (Ronald Weinberger [de])
We — Westerlund (open star clusters) (Bengt Westerlund, 1921–2008)
Webb — Thomas William Webb (double stars)
WeBo — Webbink-Bond (planetary nebulae) (Ronald F. Webbink and Howard E. Bond)
WeDe — Weinberger-Dengel (planetary nebulae) (Ronald Weinberger and Johann Dengel/Dengl)
Weisse — Maximilian von Weisse (double stars)
WeSa — Weinberger-Sabbadin (planetary nebulae)
Wg — Ruric W. Wrigley (double stars)
Whiting — Alan B. Whiting (globular star clusters) (for example: Whiting 1 at 2h 02m / -3° 15' in Cetus)
WHL — Wen-Han-Liu (galaxy clusters)
WhMe — Whitelock-Menzies
Willman — Beth Willman (for example: ultra low-luminosity dwarf galaxy or star cluster Willman 1 in Ursa Major)
Wils — Raymond H. Wilson, Jr. (double stars)
Win — Winlock (double stars)
Wirtz — Carl Wilhelm Wirtz (double stars)
WISE — Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer
WISEA — AllWISE Source Catalog
WISEP — Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer Preliminary Release Source Catalog
WNC / Winn — Winnecke Catalogue of Double Stars
WNO — Washington Observations (double stars) (U.S. Naval Observatory, Washington D.C.)
Wo — Woolley Nearby Star Catalogue
WOH G — Westerlund-Olander-Hedin First Catalogue (Stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud)
WOH S — Westerlund-Olander-Hedin Second Catalogue (Stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud)
Wolf — Catalogue of High Proper Motion Stars (Wolf)
Worley — Charles Edmund Worley (double stars)
WR — Catalog of Galactic Wolf–Rayet stars (Charles Wolf / Georges Rayet)
Wray — James David Wray (emission-line objects, like Wray 17-96)

X

XBS — XMM-Newton, Bright Source
XBSS — XMM-Newton Bright Serendipitous Survey
XDCP — X-ray Distant Cluster Project
XEST — XMM-Newton Extended Survey of the Taurus Molecular
- XEST-OM — XEST, Optical/UV Monitor
XLSSC — X-ray Large Scale Structure Survey Catalogue
XMM-Newton Serendipitous Source Catalogues:
- 1XMM — First XMM-Newton Serendipitous Catalogue
- 2XMM — Second XMM-Newton Serendipitous Catalogue
- 3XMM — Third XMM-Newton Serendipitous Catalogue
- 4XMM — Fourth XMM-Newton Serendipitous Catalogue
- 5XMM — Fifth XMM-Newton Serendipitous Catalogue
XMMXCS — XMM Cluster Survey Catalogue
XO — XO-Project (XO telescope) (search for extrasolar planets)
XRF — X-Ray Flash
XTE — X-ray Timing Explorer
XZ — XZ Catalogue of Zodiacal Stars (Richard Schmidt / Tom Van Flandern, 1977, U.S. Naval Observatory)

Y

Y — Young (double stars)
YBS — Yale Bright Star Catalogue
Y-C — Yale Columbia Observatory (planetary nebulae)
YLW — Young-Lada-Wilking (X-ray sources)
YM — Yerkes-McDonald (H II regions, like YM 29)
YZ — Yale Observatory Zone Catalog

Z

Z — Fritz Zwicky, Catalogue of galaxies and of clusters of galaxies
- I Zw — First Zwicky Volume
- II Zw — Second Zwicky Volume
- III Zw — Third Zwicky Volume
- IV Zw — Fourth Zwicky Volume
- V Zw — Fifth Zwicky Volume
- VI Zw — Sixth Zwicky Volume
- VII Zw — Seventh Zwicky Volume
- ZwCl — Zwicky Cluster Catalogue
- UZC — Updated Zwicky Catalogue
ZC — Robertson's Zodiacal Catalogue (James Robertson [de]'s catalogue of 3539 zodiacal stars brighter than 9th magnitude)
Zij — Islamic astronomical books that tabulates parameters used for astronomical calculations of the positions of the Sun, Moon, stars, and planets

References

1 2 See p. 20, X-ray sources in SIMBAD, J. M. Hameury, C. Motch, and M. Pakull, Bull. Inf. Centre Données Stellaires 47, pp. 19–20, Bibcode:1995BICDS..47...19H.
↑ p. 19, X-ray sources in SIMBAD.
↑ The Einstein Slew Survey, Martin Elvis, David Plummer, Jonathan Schachter, and G. Fabbiano, Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 80, #1 (May 1992), pp. 257–303, Bibcode:1992ApJS...80..257E, doi:10.1086/191665.
↑ Nolan, P. L.; Abdo, A. A.; Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Allafort, A.; Antolini, E.; Atwood, W. B.; Axelsson, M.; Baldini, L.; Ballet, J.; Barbiellini, G.; Bastieri, D.; Bechtol, K.; Belfiore, A.; Bellazzini, R. (2012-04-01). "FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE SECOND SOURCE CATALOG". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 199 (2): 31. arXiv:1108.1435. doi:10.1088/0067-0049/199/2/31. ISSN 0067-0049.
↑ Reed, B.C., Astrophys. J., Suppl. Ser., 115, 271–276 (1998)
↑ Manca, Francesco; Sicoli, Piero; Testa, Augusto. "Sormano Astronomical Observatory: APEC Interesting Asteroids, Past Earth Close Encounters". OAS — Osservatorio Astronomico Sormano. Localita' Colma del Piano, Sormano (Como) Italy. Retrieved 13 December 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
↑ Tempini, Giovanni Gorno. "Tourism and astronomy: a new observatory in Sormano (Como)". Cassa Depositi e Prestiti S.p.A. (CDP). Rome. Retrieved 13 December 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
↑ Sky Catalogue 2000.0, Volume 2, page 48
↑ Arakelian, Marat A. (January 1975). "The Galaxies of High Surface Brightness". Communications of the Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory. 47: 3–42. Bibcode:1975CoBAO..47....3A. Retrieved 24 August 2020.
↑ "The Astronomy Nexus". www.astronexus.com. Retrieved 2026-09-09.
↑ A Catalogue of Southern Peculiar Galaxies and Associations, Volume 1 — H.C.Arp / B.F.Madore
↑ Sky & Telescope 12/'04, Page 86
↑ Sky & Telescope 12/'04, page 87
↑ Celescope Catalog of Ultraviolet Stellar Observations. Magnetic Tape Version, R. J. Davis, W. A. Deutschman, K. L. Haramundanis, SAO Special Report #350 (1973), Bibcode:1973SAOSR.350....1D.
↑ Catalogue of 20554 faint stars in the Cape Astrographic Zone -40 deg. to -52 deg. For the equinox of 1900.0 giving positions, precessions, proper motions and photographic magnitudes. Royal Obs. Cape of Good Hope. London (on magnetic tape) Spencer Jones, H.; Jackson, J. (1939) Bibcode:1939CF....C......0S
↑ Cruz-González, C.; Recillas-Cruz, E.; Costero, R.; Peimbert, M.; Torres-Peimbert, S. (1974). "A catalogue of galactic O stars and the ionization of the low density interstellar medium by runaway stars". Revista Mexicana de Astronomía y Astrofísica. 1: 211. Bibcode:1974RMxAA...1..211C.
↑ Cape Photographic Catalog 1950.0 (CPC) (Jackson+ 1954–1968), database, Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg.
↑ Microfiche Edition of CSI, F. Ochsenbein, M. Bischoff, and D. Egret, Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series 43 (February 1981), pp. 259–264, Bibcode:1981A&AS...43..259O
↑ S.I.M.B.A.D. Story: A Description of the Data Base of the Strasbourg Stellar Data Center, D. Egret, Bull. d'Inf. Cent. Données Stellaires 24 (March 1983), pp. 109–123, Bibcode:1983BICDS..24..109E.
↑ J.A. Galt, J.E.D. Kennedy, Survey of radio sources observed in the continuum near 1420 MHz, declinations -5 to +70, Astron. J., 73, 135–151 (1968)
↑ A catalogue of southern dark clouds, Hartley M., Manchester R.N., Smith R.M., Tritton S.B., Goss W.M., Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. 63, 27 (1986), 1986A&AS...63...27H
↑ General catalogue of stellar radial velocities, Ralph Elmer Wilson, Washington, DC: Carnegie Institution of Washington, 1953, Bibcode:1953GCRV..C......0W.
1 2 "Galactic O-star catalog | Stellar Systems Group". Archived from the original on 2015-04-04. Retrieved 2012-01-04.
1 2 The Deep Sky Field Guide To Uranometria 2000.0, Cragin-Lucyk-Rappaport (and also Sky Catalogue 2000.0, Volume 2)
↑ Hubble Source Catalog (Whitmore et al. "Version 1 of the Hubble Source Catalog", Astronomical J., 151, 132 (2016) doi:10.3847/0004-6256/151/6/134
↑ Miyauchi-Isobe, N.; Nakajima, K.; Maehara, H. (2004). "The Kiso Survey for Ultraviolet-excess Galaxies (KUG)". Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems. 314. San Francisco: 161–164. Bibcode:2004ASPC..314..161M.
↑ Lépine, Sébastien; Gaidos, Eric (2011). "An All-Sky Catalog of Bright M Dwarfs". The Astronomical Journal. 142 (4): 138. arXiv:1108.2719. Bibcode:2011AJ....142..138L. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/142/4/138. S2CID 119288730.
↑ "Local Group Galaxy Survey (LGGS) (photometric survey of stars in a number of local group galaxies)". astro.vaporia.com. Retrieved January 13, 2024.
↑ Lépine, Sébastien; Shara, Michael M. (March 2005). "A Catalog of Northern Stars with Annual Proper Motions Larger than 0."15 (LSPM-NORTH Catalog)". The Astronomical Journal. 129 (3): 1483–1522. arXiv:astro-ph/0412070. Bibcode:2005AJ....129.1483L. doi:10.1086/427854. S2CID 2603568.
↑ W.W. Morgan, A.D. Code, A.E. Whitford, Studies in galactic structure. II. Luminosity classification for 1270 blue giants stars. Astrophys. J., Suppl. Ser., 2, 41-74 (1955)
↑ Merrill, Paul W.; Burwell, Cora G. (September 1933). "Catalogue and Bibliography of Stars of Classes B and A whose Spectra have Bright Hydrogen Lines". Astrophysical Journal. 78: 87. Bibcode:1933ApJ....78...87M. doi:10.1086/143490.
↑ H. R. Morgan, Astron. Papers Amer. Ephemeris 13, Part III (1952). CDS ID I/80.
↑ Faint Blue Stars in the Region near the South Galactic Pole, G. Haro and W. J. Luyten, Boletín de los Observatorios de Tonantzintla y Tacubaya 3 (1962), pp. 37–117, Bibcode:1962BOTT....3...37H; CDS ID III/74.
↑ CDS IDs I/186, I/167, I/187, I/188 Archived 2006-02-03 at the Wayback Machine, I/198 Archived 2006-02-16 at the Wayback Machine, and I/248.
↑ "PLNEBULAE — Galactic Planetary Nebulae Catalog". NASA. 28 August 2012.
↑ CDS IDs V/84
↑ Catalogue of rotational velocities of the stars, Akira Uesugi and Ichiro Fukuda, Contributions from the Institute of Astrophysics and Kwasan Observatory, University of Kyoto, Kyoto: University, Kwasan Observatory, Institute of Astrophysics, 1970, Bibcode:1970crvs.book.....U.
↑ APOD — Astronomy Picture Of the Day, April 13, 2019
↑ F. Noel, Second astrolabe catalogue of Santiago, Astron. Astrophys., Suppl. Ser., 106, 441–450 (1994)
↑ "Dictionary of Nomenclature of Celestial Objects". Université de Strasbourg/CNRS. 7 November 2019.
↑ Schwarz, H. E.; Corradi, R. L. M.; Melnick, J. (1992). "A catalogue of narrow band images of planetary nebulae". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series. 96: 23. Bibcode:1992A&AS...96...23S.
↑ Kniazev, A. Y.; Pustilnik, S. A.; Grebel, E. K.; Lee, H.; Pramskij, A. G. (May 2005). "Strong Emission Line H II Galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. I. Catalog of DR1 Objects with Oxygen Abundances from Te Measurements". The Astrophysical Journal. 153. arXiv:astro-ph/0404133v2. Bibcode:2005yCat..21530429K. doi:10.1086/421519.
↑ Jonathan Gagné. "The SIMP Survey".
↑ Stephenson, C. B. (February 1986). "Late M Stars Found in a Hemispheric Survey". The Astrophysical Journal. 301: 927–937. Bibcode:1986ApJ...301..927S. doi:10.1086/163957.
↑ Stock, J (1956). "Magnitudes and Colors for Stars in Two New Galactic Clusters". Astrophysical Journal. 123: 258–265. Bibcode:1956ApJ...123..258S. doi:10.1086/146158.
↑ Alter, G., J. Ruprecht, V. Vanysek. 1958. Catalogue of Star Clusters and Associations. Prague: Publishing House of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences
↑ Alter, G., B. Balazs, and J. Ruprecht. 1970. Catalogue of Star Clusters and Associations. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiado

Other

[a-1] 1 2 See p. 20, X-ray sources in SIMBAD, J. M. Hameury, C. Motch, and M. Pakull, Bull. Inf. Centre Données Stellaires 47, pp. 19–20, Bibcode:1995BICDS..47...19H.

[2] . 19, X-ray sources in SIMBAD.

[3] The Einstein Slew Survey, Martin Elvis, David Plummer, Jonathan Schachter, and G. Fabbiano, Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 80, #1 (May 1992), pp. 257–303, Bibcode:1992ApJS...80..257E, doi:10.1086/191665.

[4] Nolan, P. L.; Abdo, A. A.; Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Allafort, A.; Antolini, E.; Atwood, W. B.; Axelsson, M.; Baldini, L.; Ballet, J.; Barbiellini, G.; Bastieri, D.; Bechtol, K.; Belfiore, A.; Bellazzini, R. (2012-04-01). "FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE SECOND SOURCE CATALOG". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 199 (2): 31. arXiv:1108.1435. doi:10.1088/0067-0049/199/2/31. ISSN 0067-0049.

[5] Reed, B.C., Astrophys. J., Suppl. Ser., 115, 271–276 (1998)

[6] Manca, Francesco; Sicoli, Piero; Testa, Augusto. "Sormano Astronomical Observatory: APEC Interesting Asteroids, Past Earth Close Encounters". OAS — Osservatorio Astronomico Sormano. Localita' Colma del Piano, Sormano (Como) Italy. Retrieved 13 December 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

[7] Tempini, Giovanni Gorno. "Tourism and astronomy: a new observatory in Sormano (Como)". Cassa Depositi e Prestiti S.p.A. (CDP). Rome. Retrieved 13 December 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

[8] Sky Catalogue 2000.0, Volume 2, page 48

[9] Arakelian, Marat A. (January 1975). "The Galaxies of High Surface Brightness". Communications of the Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory. 47: 3–42. Bibcode:1975CoBAO..47....3A. Retrieved 24 August 2020.

[10] "The Astronomy Nexus". www.astronexus.com. Retrieved 2026-09-09.

[11] A Catalogue of Southern Peculiar Galaxies and Associations, Volume 1 — H.C.Arp / B.F.Madore

[12] Sky & Telescope 12/'04, Page 86

[13] Sky & Telescope 12/'04, page 87

[14] Celescope Catalog of Ultraviolet Stellar Observations. Magnetic Tape Version, R. J. Davis, W. A. Deutschman, K. L. Haramundanis, SAO Special Report #350 (1973), Bibcode:1973SAOSR.350....1D.

[15] Catalogue of 20554 faint stars in the Cape Astrographic Zone -40 deg. to -52 deg. For the equinox of 1900.0 giving positions, precessions, proper motions and photographic magnitudes. Royal Obs. Cape of Good Hope. London (on magnetic tape) Spencer Jones, H.; Jackson, J. (1939) Bibcode:1939CF....C......0S

[16] Cruz-González, C.; Recillas-Cruz, E.; Costero, R.; Peimbert, M.; Torres-Peimbert, S. (1974). "A catalogue of galactic O stars and the ionization of the low density interstellar medium by runaway stars". Revista Mexicana de Astronomía y Astrofísica. 1: 211. Bibcode:1974RMxAA...1..211C.

[17] Cape Photographic Catalog 1950.0 (CPC) (Jackson+ 1954–1968), database, Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg.

[18] Microfiche Edition of CSI, F. Ochsenbein, M. Bischoff, and D. Egret, Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series 43 (February 1981), pp. 259–264, Bibcode:1981A&AS...43..259O

[19] S.I.M.B.A.D. Story: A Description of the Data Base of the Strasbourg Stellar Data Center, D. Egret, Bull. d'Inf. Cent. Données Stellaires 24 (March 1983), pp. 109–123, Bibcode:1983BICDS..24..109E.

[20] J.A. Galt, J.E.D. Kennedy, Survey of radio sources observed in the continuum near 1420 MHz, declinations -5 to +70, Astron. J., 73, 135–151 (1968)

[21] A catalogue of southern dark clouds, Hartley M., Manchester R.N., Smith R.M., Tritton S.B., Goss W.M., Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. 63, 27 (1986), 1986A&AS...63...27H

[22] General catalogue of stellar radial velocities, Ralph Elmer Wilson, Washington, DC: Carnegie Institution of Washington, 1953, Bibcode:1953GCRV..C......0W.

[ssg.iaa.es-23] 1 2 "Galactic O-star catalog | Stellar Systems Group". Archived from the original on 2015-04-04. Retrieved 2012-01-04.

[Cragin-Lucyk-Rappaport_2000-24] 1 2 The Deep Sky Field Guide To Uranometria 2000.0, Cragin-Lucyk-Rappaport (and also Sky Catalogue 2000.0, Volume 2)

[25] Hubble Source Catalog (Whitmore et al. "Version 1 of the Hubble Source Catalog", Astronomical J., 151, 132 (2016) doi:10.3847/0004-6256/151/6/134

[26] Miyauchi-Isobe, N.; Nakajima, K.; Maehara, H. (2004). "The Kiso Survey for Ultraviolet-excess Galaxies (KUG)". Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems. 314. San Francisco: 161–164. Bibcode:2004ASPC..314..161M.

[27] Lépine, Sébastien; Gaidos, Eric (2011). "An All-Sky Catalog of Bright M Dwarfs". The Astronomical Journal. 142 (4): 138. arXiv:1108.2719. Bibcode:2011AJ....142..138L. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/142/4/138. S2CID 119288730.

[28] "Local Group Galaxy Survey (LGGS) (photometric survey of stars in a number of local group galaxies)". astro.vaporia.com. Retrieved January 13, 2024.

[29] Lépine, Sébastien; Shara, Michael M. (March 2005). "A Catalog of Northern Stars with Annual Proper Motions Larger than 0."15 (LSPM-NORTH Catalog)". The Astronomical Journal. 129 (3): 1483–1522. arXiv:astro-ph/0412070. Bibcode:2005AJ....129.1483L. doi:10.1086/427854. S2CID 2603568.

[30] W.W. Morgan, A.D. Code, A.E. Whitford, Studies in galactic structure. II. Luminosity classification for 1270 blue giants stars. Astrophys. J., Suppl. Ser., 2, 41-74 (1955)

[31] Merrill, Paul W.; Burwell, Cora G. (September 1933). "Catalogue and Bibliography of Stars of Classes B and A whose Spectra have Bright Hydrogen Lines". Astrophysical Journal. 78: 87. Bibcode:1933ApJ....78...87M. doi:10.1086/143490.

[32] H. R. Morgan, Astron. Papers Amer. Ephemeris 13, Part III (1952). CDS ID I/80.

[33] Faint Blue Stars in the Region near the South Galactic Pole, G. Haro and W. J. Luyten, Boletín de los Observatorios de Tonantzintla y Tacubaya 3 (1962), pp. 37–117, Bibcode:1962BOTT....3...37H; CDS ID III/74.

[34] CDS IDs I/186, I/167, I/187, I/188 Archived 2006-02-03 at the Wayback Machine, I/198 Archived 2006-02-16 at the Wayback Machine, and I/248.

[35] "PLNEBULAE — Galactic Planetary Nebulae Catalog". NASA. 28 August 2012.

[36] CDS IDs V/84

[37] Catalogue of rotational velocities of the stars, Akira Uesugi and Ichiro Fukuda, Contributions from the Institute of Astrophysics and Kwasan Observatory, University of Kyoto, Kyoto: University, Kwasan Observatory, Institute of Astrophysics, 1970, Bibcode:1970crvs.book.....U.

[38] APOD — Astronomy Picture Of the Day, April 13, 2019

[39] F. Noel, Second astrolabe catalogue of Santiago, Astron. Astrophys., Suppl. Ser., 106, 441–450 (1994)

[40] "Dictionary of Nomenclature of Celestial Objects". Université de Strasbourg/CNRS. 7 November 2019.

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