Besbicus (wasp)

Besbicus
Galls produced by Besbicus conspicuus, Sonoma County, California, 2023
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Clade: Pancrustacea
Class: Insecta
Order: Hymenoptera
Family: Cynipidae
Subfamily: Cynipinae
Tribe: Cynipini
Genus: Besbicus
(Kinsey, 1929)
Phylogenetic origins in Besbicus

Besbicus is a genus of gall-inducing cynipid wasp found in North America. Several species now classed as Besbicus were formerly considered to be a part of the genus Cynips. Besbicus was originally described as a subgenus by Alfred Kinsey in 1929. Circa 2010, one group of entomologists noted that it was "possible that the nearctic genera Antron and Besbicus were erroneously synonymized to Cynips". The genus was formally re-established in 2026.

Taxonomy

Besbicus contains the following species:

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 "Genus Besbicus". iNaturalist. Retrieved 2023-10-25.
  2. ↑ Russo, Ronald A. (2021). Plant Galls of the Western United States. Princeton University Press. pp. 123–125. doi:10.1515/9780691213408. ISBN 978-0-691-21340-8. LCCN 2020949502.
  3. 1 2 "Joyce Gross Photography: California Oak Galls Created by Cynipid Wasps". joycegross.com. Retrieved 2023-10-25.
  4. ↑ Kinsey, Alfred Charles. "The Gall Wasp Genus Cynips: A Study in the Origin of Species/Part II. Systematic Data - Wikisource, the free online library". en.wikisource.org. Retrieved 2023-10-25.
  5. ↑ Pujade-Villar, J.; Romero-Rangel, S.; ChagoyáN-GarcíA, C.; Equihua-MartíNez, A.; Estrada-Venegas, E. G.; Melika, G. (2010-01-13). "A new genus of oak gallwasps, Kinseyella Pujade-Villar & Melika, with a description of a new species from Mexico (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini)". Zootaxa. 2335 (1): 16. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2335.1.2. ISSN 1175-5334.
  6. ↑ Cuesta-Porta, Victor; Melika, George; Nicholls, James A.; Stone, Graham N.; Pujade-Villar, Juli (2026-08-03). "Review of Antron and description of a new Nearctic genus, Nubilantron Melika, Nicholls, Cuesta-Porta & Pujade-Villar, gen. nov. with two new species, and re-establishment of the genus Besbicus (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae, Cynipini)". Zootaxa. 5860 (1): 1–238. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5860.1.1. ISSN 1175-5334.
  7. ↑ Evans, David (February 1967). "THE BISEXUAL AND AGAMIC GENERATIONS OF BESBICUS MIRABILIS (HYMENOPTERA: CYNIPIDAE), AND THEIR ASSOCIATE INSECTS". The Canadian Entomologist. 99 (2): 187–196. doi:10.4039/Ent99187-2. ISSN 0008-347X.