Bihar Province

Bihar Province Bīhār Sūbā
Province of British Raj and Republic of India
1936–1947
Flag Coat of arms
Bihar Province 1937 map
Capital	Patna
History
• Bifurcation of Bihar and Orissa Province	1936
• Independence of India	1947
• Bifurcation of Bihar state	2000
Preceded by Succeeded by Bihar and Orissa Province Bihar Jharkhand
Today part of	Bihar Jharkhand

Part of a series on the

History of Bihar

Ancient History Prehistoric and Vedic Era - Chirand (Neolithic) - Vedic period - Videha - Mithila (ancient) - Anga - Kikata Urbanisation and Shramana - Second Urbanisation - Rise of Shramana - Buddhism • Jainism • Ajivika Gaṇasaṅghas - Magadha - Vajjika League Nāya Vajji (tribe) Licchavis of Vaishali - Malla (tribe) - Kashi - Bulis Imperial Magadha - Brihadratha dynasty - Haryanka dynasty Bimbisara Ajatashatru - Shishunaga dynasty - Nanda Empire Mahapadma Nanda - Maurya Empire Chandragupta Maurya Ashoka Post-Mauryan and Smriti - Shunga Empire Pushyamitra Shunga - Kanva dynasty - Development of Smriti - Brahmanical Revival The Interregnum - Kushan Influence - Mitra Dynasty - Resurgence of Licchavis

Classical and medieval The Classical Age - Gupta Empire Early Medieval - Later Gupta dynasty - Maukharis Pala Era and Feudatories - Pala Empire - Khayaravala dynasty - Pithipatis of Magadha Medieval Mithila - Karnats of Mithila - Oiniwar dynasty Islamic Incursions - Delhi Sultanate Centers of Learning - Nalanda - Vikramashila - Odantapuri - Telhara monastery

Early-modern Afghan and Mughal Rule - Sur Empire Sher Shah Suri - Mughal Empire Bihar Subah Regional Chieftaincies - Chakwars - Chero dynasty - Gidhaur chieftaincy - Kharagpur Raj - Khokhra chieftaincy Major Zamindari Estates - Bettiah Raj - Khandavala dynasty - Dumraon Raj - Hathwa Raj - Jagdishpur estate

Colonial & Independence Era Colonial Rule (1764–1947) - Battle of Buxar (1764) - East India Company - Permanent Settlement (1793) - Santhal rebellion - Indian Rebellion of 1857 Kunwar Singh - Bihar famine of 1873–74 - Bihar Province (Est. 1912) - 1934 Nepal–Bihar earthquake Freedom Struggle - Champaran Satyagraha (1917) - Salt Satyagraha - Bihar Vidyapeeth - Kisan Sabha Swami Sahajanand Saraswati - Quit India Movement Azad Dasta

Modern Era (Post-1947) Congress Era (1947–1967) - Sri Krishna Sinha - Anugrah Narayan Sinha - Zamindari Abolition Socialist and JP Era (1967–1989) - Karpoori Thakur - Bihar Movement (1974) - Jayaprakash Narayan - Bhagalpur riots (1989) RJD Era (1990–2005) - Lalu Prasad Yadav - Rabri Devi - Fodder Scam State Division (2000) - Bihar Reorganisation Act, 2000 - Creation of Jharkhand NDA Era (2005–Present) - Nitish Kumar - Politics of Bihar

Culture, art, and society Art and architecture - Mahabodhi Temple - Nalanda - Barabar Caves - Tomb of Sher Shah Suri - Rohtas Fort - Golghar - Mithila Painting - Patna Qalam - Manjusha Art - Didarganj Yakshi Society and language - Bihari culture - Mithila • Magadh • Anga - Bihari languages Maithili • Magahi Bhojpuri • Angika Religion - Religion in Bihar - Buddhism in Bihar - Jainism in Bihar - Islam in Bihar - Sikhism in Bihar

Portal India Portal Bihar

Bihar Province was a province of British Raj and later Republic of India, created in 1936 by the partition of the Bihar and Orissa Province. It consisted the modern Indian states of Bihar and Jharkhand.

History

In 1756, Bihar was part of Mughal Bengal Subah. After the victories of the East India Company at the Battle of Plassey (1757) and the Battle of Buxar (1764), Bengal fell into British influence and was administered as the Bengal Presidency. Orissa was annexed into the Bengal Presidency in 1803, after the third Second Anglo-Maratha War.

On 22 March 1912, both Bihar and Orissa were separated from the Bengal Presidency and administered as the Bihar and Orissa Province. On 1 April 1936, Bihar and Orissa became separate provinces.

The Government of India Act 1935 provided for the election of a provincial legislative assembly and a responsible government. The Indian National Congress won a majority of seats in the 1937 Indian provincial elections but declined to form the government in Bihar. A minority government was formed under Muhammad Yunus of the Muslim Independent Party. After the fall of the Yunus government in July 1937, Governor Maurice Garnier Hallett invited Shri Krishna Sinha of the Congress to form the government.

In 1939, along with Congress ministries in other provinces, Sinha resigned in protest of the Governor-General Linlithgow's declaration of war on Germany without consulting with Indian leaders and Bihar came under Governor's Rule. The Indian National Congress won 1946 Indian provincial elections in Bihar and Sri Krishna Sinha was invited by Governor Thomas George Rutherford to form the first cabinet of Bihar. It consisted of the Chief Minister. Upon India's independence on 15 August 1947, Bihar Province became a part of independent India.

Administrative Divisions

Governors

• 1 Apr 1936 – 11 Mar 1937 Sir James David Sifton (s.a.)
• 11 Mar 1937 – 5 Aug 1939 Sir Maurice Garnier Hallett (b. 1883 – d. 1969)
• 5 Aug 1939 – 9 Jan 1943 Sir Thomas Alexander Stewart (b. 1888 – d. 1964) (acting to Sep 1939)
• 9 Jan 1943 – 6 Sep 1943 Sir Thomas George Rutherford (b. 1886 – d. 1957) (1st time)
• 6 Sep 1943 – 23 Apr 1944 Sir Robert Francis Mudie (acting) (b. 1890 – d. 1976)
• 23 Apr 1944 – 13 May 1946 Sir Thomas George Rutherford (s.a.) (2nd time)
• 13 May 1946 – 15 Aug 1947 Sir Hugh Dow (b. 1886 – d. 1978)

Premiers

• 1 Apr 1937 – 19 Jul 1937 Mohammad Yunus (b. 1884 – d. 1952) MIP
• 20 Jul 1937 – 31 Oct 1939 Shri Krishna Sinha (1st time) (b. 1888 – d. 1961) INC
• 31 Oct 1939 – 23 Mar 1946 Governor's Rule
• 23 Mar 1946 – 15 Aug 1947 Shri Krishna Sinha (2nd time) (s.a.) INC

See also

• List of governors of Bihar

References

25°36′N 85°06′E / 25.6°N 85.1°E / 25.6; 85.1