Caparronia (d. 266 BCE) was an ancient Roman Vestal virgin who was convicted of unchastity and later died by hanging. According to the 4th-century Christian theologian Orosius, she was put to death alongside her seducer ("corruptor") and her slaves, who were supposedly accomplices ("consciique"). Alternatively, another 4th-century Christian theologian, this one being St. Jerome, describes an unnamed Vestal Virgin, perhaps Caparronia, who hanged herself following her conviction.
The Caparronia crater on the asteroid Vesta is named after the Roman Vestal virgin.