Edmond Kelly
Canon Edmond Kelly | |
|---|---|
.jpg) | |
| Born | 8 June 1874 Newtown, New Inn, County Tipperary, Ireland |
| Died | 11 October 1955 (aged 81) St John of God University Hospital, Stillorgan, Dublin, Ireland |
| Military career | |
Branch | British Army |
Service years | 1915–1917 |
Rank | Military chaplain |
| Unit | 8th Royal Irish Fusiliers |
Conflicts | First World War |
| Awards | |
Canon Edmond Kelly MC (8 June 1874 – 11 October 1955) was an Irish Catholic priest who served as a military chaplain with the British Army during the First World War. He was awarded the Military Cross in 1917 for gallantry during the Battle of Passchendaele near Ypres. After the war, he returned to parish work in County Tipperary and served as Parish Priest of Killenaule and Moyglass from 1934 until his death in 1955.
From 1915, Kelly served as chaplain to the 16th (Irish) Division, initially alongside the well-known Jesuit chaplain Fr William Doyle, SJ, who was killed near Frezenberg on the very day, 16 August 1917, that Kelly earned his Military Cross tending the wounded east of Ypres. He also left a detailed first-hand account of the death of Major Willie Redmond, the Irish Parliamentary Party MP killed at the Battle of Messines in June 1917. In retirement in Killenaule, Kelly restored parish registers dating to 1743, commissioned a memorial window from the studio of Harry Clarke, and oversaw the building of several national schools across the parish.
Early life and education
Edmund Kelly was born on 8 June 1874 in Newtown, New Inn, County Tipperary, Ireland. He was the eldest of five children born to John Kelly (1828–1890), a farmer, and Bridget Kelly (née Grady) (1839–1901). He is a second cousin to the Australian bushranger Ned Kelly.
His four younger siblings were Catherine ("Kate"), born in 1876, who married into the Fitzgerald family; James ("Jim"), born in 1878, who took over the family farm at Newtown; Anne, born in 1880, who married into the Quirke family; and Jeremiah, born in 1883, who later settled at Ballingeary, near Cahir. These family connections were later recorded in his obituary, which named surviving relatives from the Fitzgerald, Kelly and Quirke families.
Edmond Kelly received his early education locally before attending Rockwell College. Rockwell was a boarding school conducted by the Holy Ghost Fathers. He later studied at St Patrick's College, Thurles and then at St Patrick's College, Maynooth. On 1 September 1897, he matriculated to Maynooth College to study for the priesthood in the Archdiocese of Cashel and Emly. The Maynooth admissions register records his entry into the second year of theology that year, and he appears, under the Latinised form "Edmundus Kelly", in the college's matriculation classpiece for 1898–99.
Priesthood
Ordination and early ministry
Edmond Kelly was ordained to the priesthood on 17 June 1900 at St Patrick's College, Maynooth. Following his ordination, he served as a missionary in South Africa from 1900 to 1911. Upon returning to Ireland in 1911, he was appointed as a curate at Mullinahone in County Tipperary, where he served until 1915. His South African posting is recorded as having run from July 1900 until May 1911, when he was recalled to the Archdiocese of Cashel and Emly, following which he took up his curacy at Mullinahone.
Military chaplaincy
In a letter written shortly before he volunteered, Kelly argued that "the freedom of the world is at stake" and that "Irish soldiers at the present crisis are our truest patriots", warning that Irish neutrality would not spare the country if Germany prevailed. In 1915, Edmond Kelly volunteered for military service and was commissioned as a chaplain in the Army Chaplains' Department. He served on the Western Front, particularly in the Ypres Salient. From April 1915 he served as chaplain to the 16th (Irish) Division, attached at various points to both the 7th and 8th Battalions of the Royal Irish Fusiliers, and his obituary records that he was in frequent contact at the front with the Jesuit chaplain Fr William Doyle, who served in the same division and the same 8th Battalion. According to the same account, Kelly's active service took him through the Loos salient in 1915, the Somme and the Battle of Ginchy in 1916, the Battle of Messines in 1917, and the Third Battle of Ypres later that year, before he was present at the Menin Gate near Ypres on Armistice Day, 11 November 1918.
Death of Major Willie Redmond
On 10 June 1917, three days after the Battle of Messines, Kelly wrote a lengthy letter to Monsignor Ryan, P.P., V.G., of Tipperary, describing the death of Major Willie Redmond, the veteran Irish Parliamentary Party MP for East Clare, who had insisted on advancing with his men in the assault of 7 June 1917 and was mortally wounded soon after leaving the trenches. Kelly opened the letter:
"Before ridding myself of the dust of the battlefield, I must send you an account of the death of your guide, philosopher, and dear friend, Major Willie Redmond. There is something very strange and weirdly fitting about it in all its circumstances—so fitting that if the good God had given him a choice of deaths he would hardly have dared to ask for a death so entirely according to his dearest wishes."
He described Redmond as having been "absolutely miserable at the prospect of being left behind" before he obtained permission to take part in the attack, and recalled Redmond fastening his equipment while exclaiming, "Won't it be glorious to breast the sandbags with Old George Robey and all the boys!" Kelly went on to record that Ulster Division stretcher-bearers who recovered the wounded Redmond from no man's land treated him with a kindness that, in his words, "no Irish soldier expected anything else, for, after all, the Ulster men are Irish too." The letter, addressed from "B.E. Force C/o G.P.O." and signed "Father Edmund Kelly, 7/8 Royal Irish Fusiliers", is preserved among the sources used by historian John Dennehy in his study of Tipperary during the First World War.
Military Cross
On 16 August 1917, Edmond Kelly was awarded the Military Cross for tending the wounded under heavy fire. The official citation credited him with "conspicuous gallantry and devotion to duty in tending the wounded and dying of all denominations under the heaviest shell fire". The award was published in the London Gazette in March 1918. He was also mentioned in despatches during the war.
Post-war ministry
After the Armistice, Kelly remained with the army until 1920 before returning to parish duties in Ireland. In 1922, he was appointed curate at Tipperary, where he served for twelve years. In 1934, he became Parish Priest of Killenaule and Moyglass. Some contemporary accounts give a slightly different sequence, recording that Kelly was appointed Parish Priest of Cappawhite in 1934 and was transferred to Killenaule and Moyglass in 1937. He then initiated and led the construction of several schools in the County of Tipperary, such as St Catherine's Greystown and St Maal's Ballimonty in 1948 He also assisted at the opening of the new Patrician High School in Fethard in October 1946, and served for many years as a member of the South Tipperary Vocational Education Committee, of which his obituary described him as "one of the most alert and painstaking representatives that committee ever had".
During his tenure at Killenaule, Edmond Kelly oversaw improvements to St Mary's Church, including a window designed by Harry Clarke dedicated to the Assumption of Mary. The same church's pulpit had earlier been carved by William Pearse, a signatory of the Proclamation of the Irish Republic and brother of Patrick Pearse. In 1939, he discovered old parish registers dating from 1743 to 1801 and arranged for their restoration. The registers, found in a deteriorating condition in an outhouse on the parochial premises, are believed to be among the oldest surviving Catholic parish registers in the Archdiocese of Cashel and Emly, and the restored volumes, credited to "Edmundus Kelly", are preserved on microfilm at the National Library of Ireland.
Death
Canon Edmond Kelly died on 11 October 1955 in Dublin, aged 81. His funeral took place on 13 October 1955 at St Mary's Church in Killenaule, where he is buried. The Solemn Office and Requiem High Mass were celebrated by Rev. T. Morris, D.D., of St Patrick's College, before a congregation of around one hundred priests and, in the words of his obituary, "an over-flow congregation of parishioners, relatives and friends".
Legacy
The Very Reverend Canon Edmond Kelly's Military Cross and other personal effects were later acquired by Tipperary Studies, the historical conservation and archives department within Tipperary County Council. The medal was purchased at auction from Fonsie Mealy Auctioneers in September 2016 so that it could be preserved and displayed publicly, and it has since formed part of the permanent Tipperary Studies collection at The Source library in Thurles. In 2017, during National Heritage Week, an exhibition featuring his Military Cross was held at The Source in Thurles. Again in 2018, a special conference and exhibition were organised by Tipperary Studies.
Exhibitions and lectures
Kelly's life and Military Cross have since been the subject of several further exhibitions and public lectures in County Tipperary:
- An exhibition on Kelly's Military Cross was mounted by Tipperary Studies at The Source, Thurles, in August 2017.
- An "Exhibition of the Life & Times of Canon Edmond Kelly" was held at the library in Killenaule in November 2017.
- A further exhibition was mounted at St Mary's Church, Killenaule, in February 2018.
- Kelly featured in the exhibition "On Active Service": Maynooth College, Chaplains & the Anti-Conscription Crisis, which opened at the Russell Library, Maynooth, in April 2018.
- His Military Cross remains on permanent display at The Source library in Thurles.
- John Dennehy gave a related talk, "Recruiting for the British army in Tipperary during 1915", for Tipperary Studies in February 2016.
- As part of Tipperary Studies' "Tipperary People & Places" lecture series, Barbara McCormack of Maynooth University delivered a talk on "The role of the Maynooth priest in World War I", focusing substantially on Kelly, in October 2018.
Honours
Military Cross (1917)
Mentioned in dispatches- Canon of the Archdiocese of Cashel and Emly
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See also
References
- 1 2 "Tipperary Chaplain Awarded the Military Cross". Clonmel Chronicle. 27 October 1917.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 "[Obituary of Very Rev. Edmond Canon Kelly, P.P., V.F.]". Tipperary Star. Vol. 49, no. 42. 15 October 1955. p. 1 – via Wikimedia Commons.
- 1 2 "Servant of God Willie Doyle SJ". Irish Jesuit Archives. Retrieved 4 September 2026.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Dennehy, John (2013). In a Time of War: Tipperary 1914–1918. Merrion Press. ISBN 978-1-908928-21-4.
- 1 2 3 Fanning, Kathleen. Parish Records Restoration. Fanning Family History.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Blake, Yann (2025). "Canon Edmund Kelly, MC: Tipperary's War Hero and Parish Builder". Tipperary Studies. Tipperary County Council. Retrieved 4 September 2026.
- ↑ "Page number 65, Microfilm 02502 / 03, New Inn and Knockgraffon, Cashel and Emly - Catholic Parish Registers at the NLI". registers.nli.ie. Retrieved 28 October 2025.
- ↑ "Famed Bushranger's Descendants from Tipp". Tipperary Star (from Irish Newspaper Archives). Vol. 77, no. 14 (Thurles ed.). April 1967. p. 1.
- 1 2 3 "Death of Killenaule's P.P. Very Rev. Edmond Canon Kelly". Irish Independent. 12 October 1955. p. 1.
- 1 2 3 4 5 "Edmund Kelly". Clericus.ie. Retrieved 20 November 2025.
- ↑ Photograph: Saint-Patrick's College, Maynooth - Matriculation Class of 1898-99, 1 January 1898, retrieved 6 November 2025
- ↑ "ORDINATIONS AT MAYNOOTH". Freeman's Journal. 5 August 1899. p. 6. Retrieved 21 November 2025.
- ↑ Dr. Joe M. O'Kelly. "Kellys In Religion: Canon Edmund Kelly, M.C., P.P., V.F." www.kellyclanireland.com. Retrieved 6 November 2025.
- ↑ "Saint Michael's Catholic Church, Mullinahone". Buildings of Ireland. Retrieved 4 October 2025.
- ↑ Tipp Today Highlights - The Tipp Priest Who Served In WWI, Tipp FM, retrieved 6 November 2025
- ↑ Burke, Damien (2015). "Irish Jesuit Chaplains in the First World War". Studies: An Irish Quarterly Review. 104 (414): 167–175. ISSN 0039-3495. JSTOR 24347760.
- ↑ Cooper Walker, C. A. (1920). The Book of the Seventh Service Battalion: The Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers from Tipperary to Ypres. [reprinted 2002, N & M Press]. ISBN 978-1-84342-269-3.
{{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help) - ↑ McGreevy, Ronan. "Willie Redmond: an Irish patriot and a British soldier". The Irish Times. Retrieved 13 November 2026.
- ↑ "HOW WILLIE. REDMOND DIED". Catholic Press. 9 August 1917. p. 11. Retrieved 13 November 2026.Show full quote
7/8 Royal Irish Fusiliers, B.E. Force, c/o G.P.O., June 10, 1917. The Right Rev. Monsignor Ryan, P.P., V.G., Tipperary. My Dear Monsignor,— Before ridding myself of the dust of the battlefield, I must send you an account of the death of your "guide, philosopher, and dear friend," Major Willie Redmond. There is something very strange and weirdly fitting about it in all its circumstances — so fitting that if the good God had given him a choice of deaths he would have hardly dared to ask for a death so entirely according to his dearest wishes. During the three nights previous to the battle he and I slept in the cellar under the chapel at the Hospice, and I can assure you he felt absolutely miserable at the prospect of being kept behind. He had used every influence with the General to get over the top with the men, and he had little hopes of succeeding. He spoke in the most feeling manner of what awaited the poor fellows, and longed to share their sufferings and their fate. However, he was not to be denied, and to his extreme delight was given leave to charge with his old battalion, the 6th Irish Regiment. He put on his equipment in Father O'Connell's room, and was simply bubbling over with joy. While fastening the belts over his shoulders he was laughing with good humour. "Won't it be glorious to breast the sandbags with 'Old George Robey'" (a private nickname he had for a great friend of his) "and all the boys." He went up the trenches accompanied by his servant, Organ, who, by the way, is the father of "Little Nellie of Holy God." When the men saw him they sent up a cheer. "Sir," said Organ, "this cheering is not good for you." "I'm afraid, Organ," answered the Major, "you're getting shell-shock already." At ten minutes past three o'clock on the morning of the seventh the mines went up, and before the burning earth had time to descend, Major W. H. K. Redmond, M.P., and founder of the 16th Irish Division, was over the top — the first man in the Division to face what to us looked something like an overflow of hell itself. Read Philip Gibbs and Beach Thomas on the subject, and even then you can form no true idea of the diabolic beauty and fury of the whole scene. The flashes and thunder of a thousand guns, the smell of poisonous gas, the morning light stifled at its birth by the smoke of battle, the cheering of our front battalions, Inniskillings, Irish Fusiliers, Leinsters and Royal Irish. The poor Major fell wounded in the leg and wrist, and, strangely enough, he was found lying on the field by the stretcher-bearers of the Ulster Division. They brought him to their aid post and thence to the Field Ambulance, and there he died. He received every possible kindness from these Ulster soldiers. In fact, an Englishman connected with the Ulster Division expressed astonishment at the extreme care which was taken of the poor Major, though no Irish soldier expected anything else, for, after all, the Ulstermen are Irish, too. His body was laid out in the convent chapel before the altar where you used to say Mass during your stay last Christmas, and he was buried quietly on the evening of June 8, near the grotto in the nuns' garden. May God have mercy on his soul! No purer-hearted man, no braver soldier ever died on the battlefield. He was absolutely convinced that he was dying for Ireland. On the eve of the battle I asked him to speak to one of my battalions, and Colonel Weldon sent him a note to the same effect. He spoke to the 7/8 Royal Irish Fusiliers for a quarter of an hour. I never listened to such fervid eloquence. He referred to the fact that we were to fight shoulder to shoulder with the men of the North, and that when Ireland, united — North, South, East and West — went to the charge, no power on this earth could stand up against their onset. In my humble opinion, Willie Redmond deserves the admiration of every man who is capable of appreciating sanctity in a Catholic, valour in a soldier, and the most unselfish love of country in a patriot. We, the chaplains of the Irish Division, will miss him very much. He used to spend all his spare time with us and do everything he possibly could to make things comfortable for us. You know how kind he was to me last winter when I lay sick in a miserable shed. There are many little things one does not care to write about and which would go to prove the genuine goodness of the man, but for you no proof is required. I may add a few details which will be of interest to you. The battle began at 3.10 a.m. At 3.50 a.m. the doctor and myself had already crossed "the Canon's trench" in the wake of the Irish Fusiliers and Inniskillings. At about 6 a.m. we had our aid post set up just under the crest of the ridge, and found the men occupying the strongest positions. They were in the very best of spirits. I met three Tipperary men at the top of the hill. The Germans made a poor fight. There was very little hand-to-hand fighting, but, of course, the artillery and machine-gun fire was terrible, but nothing in comparison to ours. Our artillery was so terrific that I heard several of our men express compassion for the enemy who were holding the trenches opposite. They treated the prisoners with the utmost kindness. In fact, they became great friends during the short time of their stay amongst us. One German brigadier was taken at Messines. He was utterly taken aback when told that Wytschaete had fallen. He refused to believe that it could be taken by assault, but, of course, he had not reckoned on the impetuous valour of the Irish troops. We are all very tired and very happy just now. All your friends are in the very best of form. Our losses, thank God, were slight, and one cannot hopelessly grieve for the poor Major, who died as he undoubtedly wished to die. I am, yours very sincerely, EDMUND KELLY, C.P - 1 2 "Military Cross awards" (PDF). Supplement to the London Gazette (30564): 2921. 7 March 1918.
- ↑ O’Dwyer, Christopher. “Archbishop Butler’s Visitation Book.” Archivium Hibernicum, vol. 33, 1975, pp. 1–90. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/25487412. Accessed 8 Nov. 2025.
- ↑ O’Dwyer, Christopher. “Archbishop Butler’s Visitation Book.” Archivium Hibernicum, vol. 34, 1977, pp. 1–49. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/25487419. Accessed 8 Nov. 2025.
- ↑ "St. Mary's Church". Killenaule. 27 February 2013. Retrieved 8 November 2025.
- ↑ "St. Mary's Church Killenaule". Historic Graves. 29 March 2013. Retrieved 4 October 2025.
- ↑ "St. Mary's Church". Killenaule. 27 February 2013. Retrieved 8 November 2025.
- ↑ "Heritage week in Tipperary Studies" (PDF). Nenagh Guardian. 19 August 2017. p. 11.
Fr Kelly volunteered for service as an army chaplain during WWI. He was awarded the Military Cross for 'conspicuous gallantry and devotion to duty' on 16 August 1917 east of Ypres. He continued as army chaplain until 1920 before returning to pastoral duties. He became PP in Killenaule in 1937 and was buried there in 1955.
- ↑ O'Grady, Anne (9 August 2017). "Military Cross awarded to Tipperary man on display during heritage week". Tipperary Live. Retrieved 27 May 2023.
- ↑ "Do you want to see an original Military Cross medal ? – Tipperary Studies". 10 August 2017. Retrieved 6 November 2025.
- ↑ "Fr Kelly Military Cross – Tipperary Studies". 15 November 2018. Retrieved 6 November 2025.
- ↑ "Military Cross on Display". Killenaule. 14 August 2017. Retrieved 23 November 2025.
- ↑ "Killenaule and Moyglass Parish Newsletter 12th November 2017". Killenaule. 13 November 2017. Retrieved 23 November 2025.
- ↑ "Tipperary Studies, Official Facebook Page". Facebook. 17 August 2017. Retrieved 23 November 2025.
- ↑ "'On Active Service': Maynooth College, Chaplains & the Anti-Conscription Crisis". Maynooth University. Retrieved 23 November 2025.
- ↑ Recruiting for the British army in Tipperary during 1915 by John Dennehy. Tipperary Studies. 2 February 2016. Retrieved 23 November 2025.
- ↑ "Tipperary Studies Lecture Series, 2018–2019 Season". Tipperary Studies.
!["[Obituary of Very Rev. Edmond Canon Kelly, P.P., V.F.]"](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tipperary_Star_-_Irish_newspaper_issue_Vol.49_No.42_-_15_Oct._1955.jpg){kind=link}
External links
