Edmund Landolt

Edmund Landolt
Edmund Landolt
Born	17 May 1846; Kirchberg, Switzerland
Died	9 May 1926 (aged 79); Paris, France
	Scientific career
Fields	Ophthalmology
Workplaces	Institut National des Jeunes Aveugles

Jacques Rodolphe Edmund Landolt (17 May 1846 – 9 May 1926) was a Swiss ophthalmologist stationed in Paris, mostly known for a wide range of publications and his research in the field of ophthalmology.

First years

Edmund Landolt was born in Kirchberg, Switzerland, of a French mother, Rosina Baumgartner, and Swiss father, Rudolf Landolt.

He came to France during the war in 1871 with a Swiss ambulance hospital, and was present at the battles around Belfort, where he contracted enteric fever.

Study and work

Studied at University of Zurich where he got a Ph.D. in 1869 and was through this time and later pupil of Knapp in Heidelberg, Ferdinand Arlt in Vienna, Von Graefe and Helmholtz in Berlin, Horner in Zürich, and Snellen and Donders in Utrecht.

Worked in physiological optics with, among others, Snellen and Donders.

After study and practice in Utrecht and Germany he established himself in Paris in 1874 where he became oculist to the Institut National des Jeunes Aveugles.

With Panas (1832–1903) and Poncet (1849–1913) he re-founded the Archives d'ophtalmologie in 1881 and co-directed the Laboratoire d’Ophtalmologie with Javal.

Landolt's eye clinic on the Rue Saint-André-des-Arts was world-famous. There he treated, among others, Mary Cassatt, and gave her a diagnosis of cataracts.

Special fields of work

Ocular muscles and their disorders. Pioneering the work in their study and treatment.

He discovered “Landolt's bodies” between the rods and cones of the outer nuclear layer of the retina, investigated the functions of the ocular muscles and devised a new advancement operation.

Famous for his publication of Landolt C.

Publications

English

The introduction of the metrical system into ophthalmology, London : J. & A. Churchill, 1876. OCLC 56373123
The artificial eye, London : Trübner & Co., 1879. OCLC 29693518
- tr. Edgar Athelstane Browne
A manual of examination of the eyes. A course of lectures delivered at the "Ećole pratique,", Philadelphia, D. G. Brinton, 1879. OCLC 2394443
- tr. Swan M Burnett
A manual of examination of the eyes. A course of lectures delivered at the "École pratique,", Philadelphia, D. G. Brinton, 1879. OCLC 4069016
- Ed. 2.: London : Baillie're, Tindall & Cox, 1879. OCLC 14408212
On myopia, London : Harrison and Sons, 1879. OCLC 29693435
On insufficiency of the power of convergence, [S.l. : [s.n.], 1886. OCLC 29693375
The refraction and accommodation of the eye and their anomalies, Edinburgh, Pentland, 1886. OCLC 3057956
- Ed. 2.: Phila., J. B. Lippincott Company., 1886. OCLC 12013230
- Refraction and accommodation of the eye and their anomalies, Edinburgh, Young J. Pentland, 1886. OCLC 11626601
Cataract-operation, in our time, [Chicago] : Ophthalmic Record, 1892. OCLC 27659117
Vade mecum of ophthalmological therapeutics, Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott Company, 1898. OCLC 9689831
- and Gygax
On ophthalmic surgery, being the Bowman lecture delivered on Wednesday, June 7, 1911., Lond. 1911. OCLC 83292691
Defective ocular movements and their diagnosis, London, Frowde, 1913. OCLC 14798829
- and Marc Landolt

French

Le grossissement des images ophthalmoscopiques, Paris : Adrien Delahaye, 1874. OCLC: 16077174
Sur les causes de l'amétropie, Paris, 1877. OCLC: 79211659
Leçons sur le diagnostic des maladies des yeux : faite à l'Ecole pratique de la Faculté de médicine de Paris, pendant le semester d'été 1875, Paris : Aux Bureaux du Progrès Médical : Ve A. Delahaye, 1877. OCLC: 16867948
L'œil artificiel, Paris : Octave Doin, 1878. OCLC: 65009615
Manuel d'ophthalmoscopie., Paris, Doin, 1878. OCLC: 14863824
Clinique des maladies des yeux. Compte rendu pour l'anneé 1878, Coulommiers : P. Brodard, 1879. OCLC: 53178656
Traité complet d'ophthalmologie, Paris : V. Adrien Delahaye, 1880-1889. OCLC: 9766547
- and Louis de Wecker.
- Ed. 2.: Paris, Lecrosnier et Babé, 1880-89. OCLC: 14860559
Tableau synoptique des mouvements des yeux & de leurs anomalies, Paris : Martinet, [ca.1880] OCLC: 67734772
Tableau synoptique des mouvements des yeux et de leurs anomalies, [S.l. : s.n., 188-?]. OCLC: 61653001
- aa. Librairie médicale scientifique vigot frères,
Notice biographique à la mémoire du Docteur C [Johann] F[riedrich] Horner, professeur d'ophthalmologie à l'Université de Zurich, Paris : [s.n.], 1887. OCLC: 81850385
- and C Johann Friedrich Horner
Notice biographique à la mémoire du Docteur T.F. Horner, professeur d'ophthalmologie à l'Université de Zurich, Paris, 1887. OCLC: 82939545
Rapport sur la question du strabisme, preś. au VIIe Congreś international d'ophthalmologie à Heidelberg, Wiesbaden, 1888. OCLC: 67724682
Opto-types simples. 2 circular disks, Paris : O. Doin, 1889. OCLC: 53178663
F. C. Donders, Paris : Steinheil, 1889. OCLC: 69060626
Un nouveau procédé d'opération dans le distichiasis, Paris, 1890. OCLC: 67724675
Un nouveau cas d'achromatopsie totale, Paris : G. Steinheil, 1891. OCLC: 53178653
H. de Helmholtz : esquisse biographique, [S.l. : s.n.], 1894. OCLC: 65101525
- and H. de Helmholtz
Précis de thérapeutique ophtalmologique, Paris, Masson, 1895. OCLC: 14808861
- and Gygax
Nouveaux objets-types pour la de\´{t}ermination de lacute visuelle, Paris : Doin, 1899. OCLC: 65087355
Nouveau objets-types pour la détermination de l'acuité visuelle., Paris : O. Doin, 1899. OCLC: 53178619
Souvenirs sur H.Snellen, Paris : Steinheil, 1908. OCLC: 67520817
Diagnostic des troubles de la motilité oculaire, Paris, Masson, 1909. Ed. française par Marc Landolt OCLC: 14785955
Examen des mouvements normaux & pathologiques des yeux, Paris, G. Steinheil, 1916. OCLC: 5856097

Family

Married Valerie Hübscher. Two sons; Dr. Fernand Landolt, laryngologist and Dr. Marc Landolt, ophthalmologist.

Curiosity

He is mentioned in Sherlock Holmes' book The Demon Device (Robert Saffron) p. 44.

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle spent time with him in Paris in relation to his study in ophthalmology in Vienna.

References

↑ Obituary^{[dead link]} in Br J Ophthalmol, August 10, 1926.
↑ "Cassatt's visual disorders: Cataracts & diabetic retinopathy". Archived from the original on 2007-12-26. Retrieved 2007-12-16.
↑ Landolt's bodies^{[link removed]}
↑ The Demon Device ISBN 0-399-12285-0
↑ Historical & Fictional Characters In Sherlockian Pastiches
↑ Sir Arthur Conan Doyle: the author was ophthalmologist by MD James G. Ravin in Survey of Ophthalmology, November, 1995.

External links

"Edmund Landolt" in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.
College of Optometrists Historical Books pp. 120, 143, 192 and 208.

Stub

[1] Obituary^{[dead link]} in Br J Ophthalmol, August 10, 1926.

[2] "Cassatt's visual disorders: Cataracts & diabetic retinopathy". Archived from the original on 2007-12-26. Retrieved 2007-12-16.

[3] Landolt's bodies^{[link removed]}

[4] The Demon Device ISBN 0-399-12285-0

[5] Historical & Fictional Characters In Sherlockian Pastiches

[6] Sir Arthur Conan Doyle: the author was ophthalmologist by MD James G. Ravin in Survey of Ophthalmology, November, 1995.

Authority control databases
International	ISNI VIAF GND FAST WorldCat
National	United States France BnF data Japan Italy Czech Republic Netherlands Norway Israel
People	Deutsche Biographie DDB
Other	IdRef Historical Dictionary of Switzerland SNAC Yale LUX

Edmund Landolt

Born	(1846-05-17)17 May 1846 Kirchberg, Switzerland
Died	9 May 1926(1926-05-09) (aged 79) Paris, France
Scientific career
Fields	Ophthalmology
Workplaces	Institut National des Jeunes Aveugles