Frenchman River

Frenchman River
Whitemud River
Frenchman River in Grasslands National Park, Saskatchewan
The Milk River highlighted
Frenchman River is located in Montana
Frenchman River
Location of the mouth in Montana
Frenchman River is located in North America
Frenchman River
Frenchman River (North America)
Location
Countries
  • Canada
  • United States
Physical characteristics
SourceCypress Lake
 • locationCypress Hills
 • coordinates49°28′35″N 109°23′43″W / 49.47641°N 109.39518°W / 49.47641; -109.39518 (Frenchman River headwaters)
 • elevation975 m (3,199 ft)
MouthMilk River
 • location
Saco, Montana
 • coordinates
48°31′02″N 107°15′05″W / 48.517351°N 107.251295°W / 48.517351; -107.251295 (Frenchman River mouth)
 • elevation
665 m (2,182 ft)
Length341 km (212 mi)
Basin features
River systemMissouri River

Frenchman River (Gros Ventre: níhʔɔɔtóóúníícááh, lit. 'White person river'), also known as Frenchman Creek and Whitemud River, is a river in Saskatchewan, Canada, and Montana, United States. It is a tributary of the Milk River, itself a tributary of the Missouri and, in turn, part of the Mississippi River watershed, which flows to the Gulf of Mexico. The river is approximately 341 kilometers (212 mi) long.

Name

The origin of the name of the Frenchman River is uncertain, although both Métis and francophone settlers inhabited its banks at the turn of the 20th century. In Montana, it is called Frenchman Creek. Locally, it is often referred to as Whitemud River due to the abundance of white clay in the region.

The Frenchman Formation, a stratigraphical unit of the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin, was named after the river.

Course

Frenchman River Valley in Grasslands National Park

The headwaters are found in Cypress Lake, in the Cypress Hills, at an elevation of 975 meters (3,199 ft). It flows east towards the community of Eastend, then turns south-east. Various reservoirs are built on its course (Eastend Reservoir, Huff Lake, and Newton Lake) and the river is used extensively for irrigation. The river becomes meandered as it flows through the Grasslands National Park. Several creeks, such as Breed Creek, Little Breed Creek, and Otter Creek, flow into the Frenchman River from the Wood Mountain Hills. After the national park and the hills, the river turns south into Montana, where it flows into the Milk River, in Phillips County, Montana, north of Saco.

Fish species

Fish species found in the Frenchman River include walleye, yellow perch, northern pike, burbot, common carp, white sucker, and shorthead redhorse.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Cowell, A.; Taylor, A.; Brockie, T. "Gros Ventre ethnogeography and place names: A diachronic perspective". Anthropological Linguistics. 58 (2): 132–170. doi:10.1353/anl.2016.0025.
  2. ↑ Lewry, Marilyn. "Frenchman River". Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan. University of Regina. Retrieved September 14, 2026.
  3. ↑ "Frenchman Creek". USGS. Retrieved September 14, 2026.
  4. ↑ "Adams and Cypress Lake Reservoirs". Consul Museum. Consul Museum. Retrieved February 13, 2023.
  5. ↑ Clausen, Eric (November 30, 2011). "Frenchman Creek-Rock Creek drainage divide area landform origins, western Valley and eastern Phillips Counties, Montana, USA". Geomorphology Research. Retrieved September 10, 2026.
  6. ↑ "Frenchman River". Canadian Geographical Names Database. Government of Canada. Retrieved November 10, 2022.
  7. ↑ "Frenchman River". Angler's Atlas. Angler's Atlas. Retrieved February 18, 2023.

Wikimedia Commons logo Media related to Frenchman River at Wikimedia Commons

48°31′10″N 107°15′04″W / 48.51944°N 107.25111°W / 48.51944; -107.25111