GAF domain

Available protein structures:
PDB	IPR003018 PF01590 (ECOD; PDBsum)
AlphaFold	IPR003018; PF01590;

GAF domain
GAF domain
	3',5'-Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase 2A, Containing the GAF A and GAF B Domains.
Identifiers
Symbol	GAF
Pfam	PF01590
Pfam clan	CL0161
InterPro	IPR003018
SMART	GAF
SCOP2	1fl4 / SCOPe / SUPFAM
PDB
Available protein structures:
PDB	IPR003018 PF01590 (ECOD; PDBsum)
AlphaFold	IPR003018; PF01590;

The GAF domain is a type of protein domain that is found in a wide range of proteins from all species. The GAF domain is named after some of the proteins it is found in: cGMP-specific phosphodiesterases, adenylyl cyclases and FhlA. The first structure of a GAF domain solved by Ho and colleagues showed that this domain shared a similar fold with the PAS domain. In mammals, GAF domains are found in five members of the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase superfamily: PDE2, PDE5, and PDE6 which bind cGMP to the GAF domain, PDE10 which binds cAMP, and PDE11 which binds both cGMP and cAMP.

Examples

Human proteins containing this domain include:

PDE2A, PDE5A, PDE6A, PDE6B, PDE6C, PDE10A, PDE11A

References

↑ Martinez SE, Wu AY, Glavas NA, Tang XB, Turley S, Hol WG, Beavo JA (October 2002). "The two GAF domains in phosphodiesterase 2A have distinct roles in dimerization and in cGMP binding". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 99 (20): 13260–5. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9913260M. doi:10.1073/pnas.192374899. JSTOR 3073384. PMC 130621. PMID 12271124.
↑ Aravind L, Ponting CP (December 1997). "The GAF domain: an evolutionary link between diverse phototransducing proteins". Trends in Biochemical Sciences. 22 (12): 458–9. doi:10.1016/S0968-0004(97)01148-1. PMID 9433123.
↑ Ho YS, Burden LM, Hurley JH (October 2000). "Structure of the GAF domain, a ubiquitous signaling motif and a new class of cyclic GMP receptor". The EMBO Journal. 19 (20): 5288–99. doi:10.1093/emboj/19.20.5288. PMC 314001. PMID 11032796.
↑ Fawcett L, Baxendale R, Stacey P, McGrouther C, Harrow I, Soderling S, Hetman J, Beavo JA, Phillips SC (March 2000). "Molecular cloning and characterization of a distinct human phosphodiesterase gene family: PDE11A". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 97 (7): 3702–7. Bibcode:2000PNAS...97.3702F. doi:10.1073/pnas.050585197. JSTOR 121956. PMC 16303. PMID 10725373.
↑ Schultz JE (2009). "Structural and biochemical aspects of tandem GAF domains". CGMP: Generators, Effectors and Therapeutic Implications. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology. Vol. 191. pp. 93–109. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-68964-5_6. ISBN 978-3-540-68960-7. PMID 19089327.

[pmid12271124-1] Martinez SE, Wu AY, Glavas NA, Tang XB, Turley S, Hol WG, Beavo JA (October 2002). "The two GAF domains in phosphodiesterase 2A have distinct roles in dimerization and in cGMP binding". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 99 (20): 13260–5. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9913260M. doi:10.1073/pnas.192374899. JSTOR 3073384. PMC 130621. PMID 12271124.

[pmid9433123-2] Aravind L, Ponting CP (December 1997). "The GAF domain: an evolutionary link between diverse phototransducing proteins". Trends in Biochemical Sciences. 22 (12): 458–9. doi:10.1016/S0968-0004(97)01148-1. PMID 9433123.

[pmid11032796-3] Ho YS, Burden LM, Hurley JH (October 2000). "Structure of the GAF domain, a ubiquitous signaling motif and a new class of cyclic GMP receptor". The EMBO Journal. 19 (20): 5288–99. doi:10.1093/emboj/19.20.5288. PMC 314001. PMID 11032796.

[pmid10725373-4] Fawcett L, Baxendale R, Stacey P, McGrouther C, Harrow I, Soderling S, Hetman J, Beavo JA, Phillips SC (March 2000). "Molecular cloning and characterization of a distinct human phosphodiesterase gene family: PDE11A". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 97 (7): 3702–7. Bibcode:2000PNAS...97.3702F. doi:10.1073/pnas.050585197. JSTOR 121956. PMC 16303. PMID 10725373.

[pmid19089327-5] Schultz JE (2009). "Structural and biochemical aspects of tandem GAF domains". CGMP: Generators, Effectors and Therapeutic Implications. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology. Vol. 191. pp. 93–109. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-68964-5_6. ISBN 978-3-540-68960-7. PMID 19089327.