Glucagon-like peptide-2

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GCG
Identifiers
Aliases	GCG, GLP1, glucagon, GRPP, GLP-1, GLP2
External IDs	OMIM: 138030; MGI: 95674; GeneCards: GCG
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1BH0, 1NAU, 2G49, 2M5P, 2M5Q,%%s4ZGM, 4APD, 3IOL, 1D0R,%%s2L64, 2L63
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 2 (human) Band 2q24.2 Start 162,142,882 bp End 162,152,404 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 2 (mouse) Band 2 C1.3|2 35.85 cM Start 62,304,874 bp End 62,313,994 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in beta cell body of pancreas rectum mucosa of sigmoid colon mucosa of ileum testicle mucosa of transverse colon epithelium of colon jejunal mucosa appendix Top expressed in islet of Langerhans crypt of lieberkuhn of small intestine ileum large intestine colon lens Paneth cell left colon jejunum epithelium of small intestine More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function protein binding identical protein binding hormone activity glucagon receptor binding signaling receptor binding Cellular component cytoplasm endoplasmic reticulum lumen extracellular region secretory granule lumen extracellular space Biological process negative regulation of execution phase of apoptosis G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway regulation of insulin secretion cellular response to glucagon stimulus positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation positive regulation of calcium ion import positive regulation of histone H3-K4 methylation positive regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation feeding behavior positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade positive regulation of protein binding cell population proliferation signal transduction positive regulation of protein kinase activity adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway protein kinase A signaling positive regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus response to starvation negative regulation of apoptotic process regulation of signaling receptor activity adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Databases NCBI: entry; OMA: entry Species Human Mouse Entrez 2641 14526 Ensembl ENSG00000115263 ENSMUSG00000000394 UniProt P01275 P55095 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_002054 NM_008100 RefSeq (protein) NP_002045 NP_032126 Location (UCSC) Chr 2: 162.14 – 162.15 Mb Chr 2: 62.3 – 62.31 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) is a peptide hormone that in humans is encoded by the gene GCG. More precisely, proglucagon is produced from GCG, which can be cut by enzymes to produce a number of active hormones such as glucagon, GLP-1, or GLP-2, depending on the tissue. GLP-2 (and GLP-1) in particular are produced and secreted by the intestines with the help of the enzyme PCSK1. GLP-2 then signals to the intestines, inducing intestinal growth and increasing the height of intestinal villi.

GLP-2 is produced by the intestinal endocrine L cell and by various neurons in the central nervous system. Intestinal GLP-2 is co-secreted along with GLP-1 upon nutrient ingestion.

When externally administered, GLP-2 produces a number of effects in humans and rodents, including intestinal growth, enhancement of intestinal function, reduction in bone breakdown and neuroprotection. GLP-2 may act in an endocrine fashion to link intestinal growth and metabolism with nutrient intake. GLP-2 and related analogs (such as Teduglutide) may be treatments for short bowel syndrome, Crohn's disease, osteoporosis and as adjuvant therapy during cancer chemotherapy.

GLP-2 has an antidepressant effect in a mouse model of depression when delivered via intracerebroventricular injection. However, a GLP-2 derivative (PAS-CPP-GLP-2) was shown to be efficiently delivered to the brain intranasally, with similar efficacy.

Sequence

GLP-2 is a 33 amino acid peptide with sequence HADGSFSDEMNTILDNLAARDFINWLIQTKITD in humans (see Proteinogenic amino acid).

See also

• Glucagon-like peptide 2 receptor

References

External links

• Banting and Best Diabetes Centre at UT glp2