Gadolinium(III) hydroxide

Gadolinium(III) hydroxide
Names
Systematic IUPAC name
Gandolinium trihydroxide
Other names
  • Gandolinium(III) hydroxide
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.036.817 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 240-516-5
  • InChI=1S/Gd.3H2O/h;3*1H2/q+3;;;/p-3
    Key: ILCLBMDYDXDUJO-UHFFFAOYSA-K
  • [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Gd+3]
Properties
Gd(OH)3
Molar mass 208.3 g/mol
Appearance White solid
Melting point 307 °C (585 °F; 580 K) (decomposes)
Insoluble
Structure
Hexagonal
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS07: Exclamation mark
Warning
H315, H319, H335
P261, P264, P264+P265, P271, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P319, P321, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P403+P233, P405, P501
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Gadolinium(III) hydroxide is a chemical compound with the formula Gd(OH)3. Its nanoparticle form has potential uses for layering various drugs, such as diclofenac, ibuprofen, and naproxen.

Production and properties

Gadolinium(III) hydroxide can be produced in various ways such as the reaction of gadolinium(III) nitrate and sodium hydroxide:

Gd(NO3)3 + NaOH → Gd(OH)3 + NaNO3

If this compound is heated to 307 °C, it decomposes to gadolinium(III) oxide-hydroxide(GdOOH), which in turn decomposes to gadolinium(III) oxide if continually heated.

Uses

Gadolinium(III) hydroxide has no commercial uses. However, gadolinium(III) hydroxide nanoparticles have gained interest as a coating agent for various anti-inflammatory drugs such as diclofenac, ibuprofen, and naproxen due to their property to be non-cytotoxic. The nanoparticles are produced by adding base anion exchange resin to gadolinium(III) nitrate.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Logvinenko, V.; Bakovets, V.; Trushnikova, L. (2014). "Dehydroxylation kinetics of gadolinium hydroxide". Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 115 (1): 517–521. doi:10.1007/s10973-013-3274-1. S2CID 97056121.
  2. 1 2 Y. Kobayashi; H. Morimoto; T. Nakagawa; Y. Kubota; K.Gonda; N. Ohuchi (2016). "Fabrication of gadolinium hydroxide nanoparticles using ion-exchange resin and their MRI property". Journal of Asian Ceramic Societies. 4 (1): 138–142. doi:10.1016/j.jascer.2016.01.005. S2CID 101542680.
  3. ↑ Yadong Xu; Alvaro Goyanes; Yuwei Wang; Andrew J. Weston; Po-Wah So; Carlos F. G. C. Geraldes; Andrew M. Fogg; Abdul W. Basit; Gareth R. Williams (2018). "Layered gadolinium hydroxides for simultaneous drug delivery and imaging". Dalton Transactions. 47 (9): 3166–3177. doi:10.1039/C7DT03729E. PMID 29355263. S2CID 3577750.
  4. ↑ Hemmer, Eva; Kohl, Yvonne; Colquhoun, Victoria; Thielecke, Hagen; Soga, Kohei; Mathur, Sanjay (2010). "Probing Cytotoxicity of Gadolinium Hydroxide Nanostructures". The Journal of Physical Chemistry B. 114 (12): 4358–4365. doi:10.1021/jp911607h. PMID 20218658.