| Wakoná | |
|---|---|
| Aconã | |
| Native to | Brazil |
| Region | Alagoas |
| Ethnicity | 500-1,000 Aconã (1995) |
| Extinct | mid-1970s |
unclassified | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | waf |
| Glottolog | wako1235 |
Wakoná (Aconã) is an extinct language of eastern Brazil, formerly spoken by the Aconã people. The Aconã are one of the ethnic components of the Xukuru-Kariri people. The dispersed ethnic population numbered an estimated 500 to 1,000 in 1995.
Wakoná was originally spoken around Lagoa Comprida and in Penedo. Loukotka (1968) reported that the remaining ethnic descendants who speak only Portuguese could be found in the city of Porto Real do Colégio. They lived near Palmeira dos Índios according to Meader (1978).
Five Xukuru-Kariri word lists collected by Menno Kroeker in Alagoas in 1961 are published in Meader (1978).
Words recorded from an elderly male pajé (shaman) in Porto Real do Colégio:
| Portuguese gloss (original) | English gloss (translated) | Xukuru-Kariri |
|---|---|---|
| chuva | rain | sèhóɩdzˈɛ̀ʔà |
| fumo | smoke | bˈázè |
| lua | moon | kˈriũavi |
| mandioca | manioc | gˈrïgɔ |
| menino | boy | semˈentiais |
| mulher | woman | spˈikwais |
| rio | river | oːpˈara |
| sol | sun | kràšùtˈó |
| terra | earth | aːtsɩhˈi |
| vento | wind | mə̀núsˈi |
| batata | potato | dˈódsákà |
| cachimbo | smoking pipe | catʔokə |
| Colégio (cidade) | Colégio (city) | simidˈo |
| deus | God | sõsˈeh |
| dinheiro | money | mɛrɛkiˈa |
| farinha | flour | tˈónà |
| feijão | bean | nˈódsákà |
| gado | cattle | krˈazɔ |
| galinha | chicken | cáːkìʔ |
| luz | light | kápˈòèr |
| ovelha | sheep | sábˈòèR |
| peru | turkey | brɛfˈɛlia |
| porco | pig | korˈe |
| soldado | soldier | òlˈófò |
Words recorded from Alfredo Caboquim, a pajé (shaman), and his brother Miguel Caboquim in Fazenda Conta, Palmeira dos Índios, Alagoas:
| Portuguese gloss (original) | English gloss (translated) | Xukuru-Kariri |
|---|---|---|
| carne de boi | beef | ˈbeiñõ |
| chuva | rain | šualya |
| dê-me fogo para o cigarro | Give me fire for the cigarette. | àòšˈínòʔ ìnˈísìà sˈèdàià |
| lua / moça | moon / girl | seːya |
| mãe | mother | isá |
| milho | corn | matˈilya |
| não (mentira) | no (lie) | eːyo |
| nariz | nose | nˈəmbi |
| pai | dad | étfˈɛ̀ |
| anzol | fish hook | èáyˈɔ̀ / alyɔ (?) |
| batata | potato | dˈotsakə |
| bebida de mandioca | manioc drink | gúlížˈɔ̀ (gálížˈɔ̀) |
| bode | goat | filˈisakə |
| boi | ox | léfétˈìa |
| cachorro | dog | it(ə)lˈo |
| cachorro de brinquedo | toy dog | ìt(ə)lˈó tə̀núnšweˈì |
| dança indígena | indigenous dance | áʔálˈèndà |
| deus | God | àʔúdéódályˈà |
| estrangeiro | foreigner, stranger | kóbˈè |
| farinha | flour | tititsia |
| feijão | bean | nˈatsakə |
| folga dos índios | indigenous holiday | arikulilyˈa / kèːšátíkáˈya (?) |
| fumando cachimbo | to smoke a pipe | puèpùˈa |
| galinha | chicken | sˈetˈáduàlyà |
| gato | cat | atašeškia |
| índia | indigenous woman | sétsˈòníká |
| lagarto | lizard | šˈua atˈežo / tˈeyu (?) |
| mulato | mulatto | mulatι̃nkya |
| negro | black person | tùpíə̃̀nkyà |
| padre | father | ĩŋklaˈišoa |
| (pausa) – considerando as palavras | pause (when thinking of words) | ə̃hə̃ |
| peru | turkey | aotˈisakə |
| porco | pig | àːlˈé |
| praia (?) | beach (?) | práiˈà |
| quarto de homem | men's quarters | subεbˈe |
| como vai? | How are you? | àkàkˈáumà |
| vou bem, obrigado | I am fine, thank you. | íkàkˈə́ |
| senhor | sir | ˈĩŋklai |
| vamos embora | Let's go. | òːšˈóuà |
| homem mais velho | older man | tošˈa / aošιnə̃ŋklainšoa taškiˈa |
Words recorded from an elderly farmer in Fazenda Conta, Palmeira dos Índios, Alagoas:
| Portuguese gloss (original) | English gloss (translated) | Xukuru-Kariri |
|---|---|---|
| água | water | oiyˈa |
| carne de boi | beef | aòtˈísiə̀ |
| fogo | fire | tóˈè |
| aguardente | aguardente | kóšákˈà |
| bode | goat | sákúlˈɛ̀, sákúlˈègò |
| bonito | beautiful | atilišˈĩ |
| brancos | white people | ə̃́nkláʔˈì |
| cabelo crespo (de negro) | curly hair (of black people) | tuʔˈĩ |
| café | coffee | tópˈì |
| cigarro | cigarette | àlísíˈàx |
| índio | indigenous man / person | sɛ́tsˈò |
| mãe de Jesus | mother of Jesus (Virgin Mary) | kwə́ntópˈə̃̀ atoayˈə |
| negra | black man | (i)atuayˈa |
| negro | black woman | túpíyˈà |
| porco | pig | šíə̃̀ntì |
| tatu | armadillo | rṍmpˈə̀tì |
Words recorded from João Candido da Silva, a young farmer in Fazenda Conta, Palmeira dos Índios, Alagoas. Silva was not Indigenous himself but his wife was a Xukuru cabocla.
| Portuguese gloss (original) | English gloss (translated) | Xukuru-Kariri |
|---|---|---|
| fumo | smoke | šíšúˈà |
| dança | dance | arikurˈi |
| deus | God | dédùˈá / íŋklàˈíx / sɛtisoadažui |
Words recorded from José Fermino da Silva of Palmeira dos Índios, Alagoas:
| Portuguese gloss (original) | English gloss (translated) | Xukuru-Kariri |
|---|---|---|
| água | water | óiyˈàh |
| fogo para o cigarro | fire for cigarette | tòˈéh asendendisi / tòˈéh pàrə̀nsˈíáx |
| batata | potato | dˈótsákà |
| branco | white person | kràiʔˈé |
| caboclo | caboclo | sǽtsˈùx |
| cachimbo | smoking pipe | pua / pue |
| deus | God | dèdˈúa |
| feijão | bean | nˈótsákà |
| negra | black | kòbˈéh |
| obrigado | thank you | bèréˈɔ́ |
| pau (claraíba) | claraíba tree | frˈéžɔ̀ìž |
| pau (d'arco) | Tabebuia tree | paìpˈɛ́ |
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)