Tawandê language

Tawandê
Native toBrazil
EthnicityTawandê
Native speakers
1 (2012)
Nambikwaran
Language codes
ISO 639-3xtw
Glottologtawa1278

Tawandê is a moribund Nambikwaran language of Brazil.

Classification

Tawandê is closely related to the Latundê and Lakondê languages.: 30 

Phonology

Vowels

Tawandê has 17 vowel phonemes.: 43 

Vowels
Front Central Back
plain creaky nasal creaky-nasal plain creaky nasal creaky-nasal plain creaky nasal creaky-nasal
Close i ḭ ĩ ḭ̃ u ṵ ũ ṵ̃
Mid e ḛ ẽ ḛ̃ o o̰
Open a a̰ ã ã̰

Consonants

19 consonants, including two glides, are found in Tawandê.: 36 

Bilabial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Occlusive p t k ʔ
Nasal m n
Fricative s h
Lateral l
Glide w j

References

  1. ↑ Crevels, Mily (2012-01-13), "Language endangerment in South America: The clock is ticking", in Campbell, Lyle; Grondona, Verónica (eds.), The Indigenous Languages of South America, DE GRUYTER, pp. 167–234, doi:10.1515/9783110258035.167, ISBN 978-3-11-025513-3, retrieved 2026-07-27
  2. 1 2 3 Eberhard, David M. (2009). Mamaindê Grammar: A Northern Nambikwara language and its cultural context (PDF) (phd thesis). Amsterdam: Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. ISBN 978-94-6093-012-6.
  3. 1 2 Santana, Nelivaldo Cardoso (2010). Descrição preliminar da nasalidade em Tawandê e comparação com outras línguas Nambikwára do Norte (PDF) (masters thesis). Recife: Universidade Federal de Pernambuco.