Jahanbeglu

The Jahanbeglu is a Kurdish tribe in Mazandaran Province, Iran. They were amongst several Kurdish tribes that were transplanted from northwestern Iran to Mazandaran in the late 18th century by then ruler of Iran, Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar (r. 1789–1797), in order to protect the province from Turkmen raids.

History

According to a British officer after World War I by the name L. S. Fortescue, the Kurdish Jahanbeglu and Modanlu tribes together with the Turkic Usanlu and Gerayli tribes formed a loose Kurdish-Turkic tribal confederation. Altogether, he estimated the four tribes at 2,000 families. Fortescue observed that the Jahanbeglu and Modanlu groups emerged as offshoots of the Mokri tribe from Mahabad (formerly "Savojbolagh"). After being moved to Mazandaran by Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar, the Jahanbeglu settled between Behshahr (formerly "Ashraf") and Larim to the north of the province's capital Sari. There, they got involved in the cultivation of cotton and rice. However, according to Grigorii Melgunov, who visited Mazandaran in 1858–1860, a group of Jahanbeglu were also found to the southwest of Sari.

Though the Jahanbeglu and Modanlu were reportedly still able to speak in their original Kurdish dialect by 1922, they had already become significantly assimilated into the native Mazandaranis. In the subsequent decades both tribes had lost their tribal identities to such an extent that when Iraj Afshar-Sistani compiled a list of tribes of Mazandaran in 1987, they were not even mentioned.

Notable Figures of the Jahanbeglou Tribe

• Khan Abdal Khan Kurd Jahanbeglou served in Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar’s army during the battle against Morteza Qoli Khan Qajar in Savadkuh in 1193 AH (1779 AD). In 1194 AH (1780 AD), Khan Abdal Khan Kurd attempted to escape from his house in Sari by digging a tunnel. However, a woman in his household informed Morteza Qoli Khan, who ordered his execution. His severed head was sent to Agha Mohammad Shah, while Mostafa Qoli Khan, his brother, was sent to greet the Shah. Despite Agha Mohammad Shah's attempts to reconcile with him and his brothers, it proved unsuccessful, ultimately leading to armed conflict. Local historians believe that rival factions, specifically the Halalkhor and Kerehoon Bandpey clans, who were in competition with Khan Abdal Khan Kurd Jahanbeglou, tricked him into going to the village of Zarak Bandpey, where he was captured, tortured, and killed. He was buried in the same location. Khan Abdal Khan Kurd Jahanbeglou was the son of Khan Ahmad Khan Kurd.
• In 1195 AH (1781 AD), after arriving in Barforoush (modern-day Babol), Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar appointed Khan Ahmad Khan Jahanbeglou as the governor of Barforoush.

Notes

References

Sources

• Oberling, P. (2008). "JAHĀNBEGLU". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica. Vol. XIV/4: Jade III–Jamalzadeh, Mohammad-Ali II. Work. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. p. 375. ISBN 978-1-934283-04-2.

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