Lesser brown horseshoe bat

Lesser brown horseshoe bat
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Chiroptera
Family: Rhinolophidae
Genus: Rhinolophus
Species:
R. stheno
Binomial name
Rhinolophus stheno
Lesser brown horseshoe bat range

The lesser brown horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus stheno) is a species of bat in the family Rhinolophidae. It is found in China, Indonesia (on Java and Sumatra), Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam.

Taxonomy

Rhinolophus stheno was first described by Knud Andersen in 1905, from a specimen collected by H. N. Ridley in Selangor, Malaysia. It was included in the megaphyllus group by Andersen, euryotis group of Rhinolophus by Bodgdanowicz in 1992, and then back in the megaphyllus group by Csorba et al. in 2003.

A subspecies, Rhinolophus stheno microglobosus, was described in 1998 by Gábor Csorba and Paulina Jenkins, but a 2008 analysis by Soisook et al. described it as a separate species.

Description

R. stheno is a medium-sized bat, with a forearm length of about 45 millimetres (1.8 in) and a short tail. The back is grey to reddish-brown in color, while the undersides are a similar color but lighter. It is overall similar in appearance to R. malayanus. R. stheno can be distinguished by greater "inflation of the anterior median compartments of the rostrum", narrower post-orbital constriction, and proportions of the first and second finger bones on the third finger.

R. stheno's habitat includes forests, rubber plantations, and other agricultural zones. It roosts in caves. It has been found at elevations up to 1,700 metres (5,600 ft) above sea level. Pregnancies occur March to May, and lactation May to July.

It is listed as a species of least concern by the IUCN due to its likely large population and wide distribution. It is common in Thailand, and may be less common in other parts of its range.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Bates, P.J.J.; Bumrungsri, S.; Csorba, G.; Soisook, P. (2019). "Rhinolophus stheno". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019 e.T84383122A21991664. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T84383122A21991664.en. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
  2. ↑ Zhang, Libiao; Jones, Gareth; Zhang, Jinshuo; Zhu, Guangjian; Parsons, Stuart; Rossiter, Stephen J.; Zhang, Shuyi (2009-06-30). "Recent surveys of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from China. I. Rhinolophidae and Hipposideridae". Acta Chiropterologica. 11 (1): 71–88. doi:10.3161/150811009X465703.
  3. ↑ Bates, Paul J.J.; Thi, Mar Mar; Nwe, Tin; Bu, Si Si Hla; Mie, Khin Mie; Nyo, Nyo; Khaing, Aye Aye; Aye, Nu Nu; Oo, Thida; Mackie, Iain (2004-06-01). "A review of Rhinolophus (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae) from Myanmar, including three species new to the country". Acta Chiropterologica. 6 (1): 23–48. doi:10.3161/1508110042176653 (inactive 13 September 2025). Archived from the original on 2024-11-03. Retrieved 2025-03-31.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2025 (link)
  4. ↑ Csorba, Gabor; Jenkins, Paulina D. (26 November 1998). "First records and a new subspecies of Rhinolophus stheno (Chiroptera, Rhinolophidae) from Vietnam" (PDF). Bulletin of the Natural History Museum of London. 64 (2): 207–211. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 December 2024. Retrieved 31 March 2025.
  5. ↑ Andersen, Knud (1905). "3. On some Bats of the Genus Rhinolophus, with Remarks on their Mutual Affinities, and Descriptions of Twenty-six new Forms". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 75 (3): 75–144. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1905.tb08381.x. ISSN 1469-7998. Archived from the original on 2025-03-31. Retrieved 2025-03-31.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 Soisook, Pipat; Bumrungsri, Sara; Satasook, Chutamas; Thong, Vu Dinh; Bu, Si Si Hla; Harrison, David L.; Bates, Paul J. J. (2008-12-31). "A taxonomic review of Rhinolophus stheno and R. malayanus (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae) from continental Southeast Asia: an evaluation of echolocation call frequency in discriminating between cryptic species". Acta Chiropterologica. 10 (2): 221–242. doi:10.3161/150811008X414818. Archived from the original on 2025-10-17. Retrieved 2025-03-31.
  7. ↑ Bogdanowicz, Wiesław (1992-06-12). "Phenetic relationships among bats of the family Rhinolophidae". Acta Theriologica. 37: 213–240. doi:10.4098/AT.arch.92-22. Archived from the original on 2018-06-02. Retrieved 2025-03-31.
  8. ↑ Thomas, Nikky M.; Duckworth, J. W.; Douangboubpha, Bounsavane; Williams, Meredith; Francis, Charles M. (2013-06-30). "A checklist of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from Lao PDR". Acta Chiropterologica. 15 (1): 193–260. doi:10.3161/150811013X667993. Archived from the original on 2025-04-17. Retrieved 2025-03-31.