List of driverless train systems

This is a list of driverless train systems, which are capable of GoA3 and GoA4 (GoA3+) according to the Grade of Automation classifications specified by the standard IEC 62290‐1. These are explained diagrammatically by the UITP. This list focuses heavily on trains in the classical sense used for large-scale railways for passengers and freight but does include a few people mover systems. For a similar list for GoA2, see list of semi-automatic train systems.

Grade-of-Automation 3 systems

These systems are capable of driverless train operation (DTO), but a train attendant operates the doors and drives the train in case of emergencies.

GoA3 – Americas

Whereas Docklands Light Railway trains are driverless and do not have a separate cab, there is provision for manual operation
Country/region Name of system Line Date System Notes
BrazilSalvador MetroLine 12014SelTrac
Line 22016
São Paulo Metro Line 3 (Red)2009+ATO[citation needed]
United States Walt Disney World Monorail System2016SelTrac

GoA3 – Asia

Country/region Name of system Line Date System Notes
China (Mainland)Beijing SubwayCapital Airport Express19 July 2008Alstom Urbalis 400
Fuzhou MetroLine 427 August 2023
Ningbo Rail TransitLine 71 December 2024CASCO Urbalis 888
Line 1222 September 2026BTCT
Shanghai Pudong Airport APM16 September 2019FITSCO JeRail
Shanghai Metro Line 2 Around 2025 Recent upgrades allows DTO/GoA3 operations.
Line 5June 2018Thales, Shanghai Electric TSTCBTC2.0Initially operated in GoA1 (Manual operation)
Line 1730 December 2017CASCO TRANAVI
Wuhan MetroYangluo line26 December 2017CASCO
IndonesiaSoekarno–Hatta Airport Skytrain2020SiLSafe 5000
JapanDisney Resort Line27 July 2001
Pakistan Lahore Metro Orange Line 25 October 2020 CASCO (Alstom)
Singapore Sentosa ExpressNovember 2017Hitachi Moving Block Wireless CBTC

GoA3 – Europe

Country/region Name of system Line Date System Notes
Czech Republic Dolní Bousov–Kopidlno railway line 2025 Commercial operation (limited weekend operation during the tourist season) on AŽD Praha test line
RussiaTrams in MoscowTram line 10202571-911
SpainBarcelona MetroLine 112009Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
United KingdomDocklands Light Railway31 August 1987SelTrac

Grade-of-Automation 4 systems

These systems are capable of unattended train operation (UTO), although some operators may choose to staff trains anyway.

GoA4 – Americas

GTAA LINK
Country/region Name of system Line Date System Notes
BrazilPorto Alegre MetroMetro-Airport Connection10 August 2013Aeromovel
São Paulo Metro Line 1 (Blue) 3 July 2022 Alstom Urbalis CBTC
Line 2 (Green)2 March 2020
Line 3 (Red) December 2022 (Under Conversion)
Line 4 (Yellow)25 May 2010Siemens Trainguard MT CBTCFirst completely driverless metro line in Latin America.
Line 5 (Lilac)12 March 2017Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Line 15 (Silver)30 August 2014
Line 17 (Gold)31 March 2026SelTrac
CanadaTerminal Link6 July 2006DCC Doppelmayr Cable Car
SkyTrain (Vancouver)Expo Line11 December 1985SelTracThe longest driverless network in the Americas, at 79.6 km.
Millennium Line7 January 2002
Canada Line17 August 2009
REM (Réseau Express Metropolitain) 31 July 2023 (Partially opened; rest of the line under construction) Alstom Urbalis 400
ChileSantiago MetroLine 322 January 2019Thales SelTrac
Line 62 November 2017
MexicoAerotrén2007DCC Doppelmayr Cable Car
PeruLima MetroLine 221 December 2023AnsaldoBreda Driverless Metro / Ansaldo STS CBTC
United StatesAeroTrain20 January 2010Mitsubishi Crystal Mover / Thales SelTrac
Airport Transit System6 May 1993VAL system
AirTrain JFK17 December 2003SelTrac
AirTrain Newark31 May 1996
AirTrain SFO24 February 2003Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Aria Express1 December 2009DCC Doppelmayr Cable Car
Bay Area Rapid TransitOakland Airport Connector22 November 2014
Cincinnati Airport People Mover9 June 1994Otis Hovair
Detroit People Mover31 July 1987SelTrac
DFW Skylink21 May 2005Bombardier CITYFLO 650
DIA Automated Guideway Transit System28 February 1995
ExpressTram24 February 2002Otis Hovair
George Bush Intercontinental Airport People MoversSkyway24 May 1999Bombardier CITYFLO 550
Subway1969WEDway
Getty Center Tram1997Otis Hovair
Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport People MoversThe Plane Train21 September 1980Bombardier CITYFLO 550
ATL Skytrain8 December 2009 Mitsubishi Crystal Mover / Kyosan
Skyline (Honolulu)30 June 2023Hitachi Rail Italy Driverless Metro / DTG
Huntsville Hospital Tram System19 June 2002Otis Hovair
Jacksonville Skyway1989SelTrac
Las Vegas Monorail2004
Mandalay Bay Tram9 April 1999DCC Doppelmayr Cable Car
Harry Reid International Airport Automated People MoversGreen Line1985Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Blue Line1998
Red Line2012
Memphis Suspension Railway1982
Miami International Airport People MoversMIA e Train1980MiniMetro
Skytrain15 September 2010Mitsubishi Crystal Mover
MIA Mover9 September 2011
Miami Metromover17 April 1986Bombardier CITYFLO 550
Minneapolis–St. Paul Airport TramsHub Tram3 April 2001Otis Hovair
'C' Concourse People Mover5 May 2004
Morgantown Personal Rapid Transit1975proprietary (1975-2014), SelTrac (2014-present)
Orlando International Airport People MoversAirside systems1981Mitsubishi Crystal Mover
Intermodal Terminal system2017
PHX Sky Train8 April 2013Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Pittsburgh International Airport People Mover1 October 1992
Satellite Transit System1973
SMF Automated People Mover6 October 2011
Tampa International Airport People MoversAirside systems1971
Monorail1991
SkyConnect2018 Mitsubishi Crystal Mover / Kyosan APM
Navajo Mine Railroad[inconsistent]GE E60 electric locomotives
VenezuelaCabletren Bolivariano14 August 2013DCC Doppelmayr Cable Car

GoA4 – Asia

A Magenta Line Train waiting at a station in Delhi
Country/region Name of system Line Date System Notes
China (Mainland)Beijing Capital International Airport Terminal 3 People MoverMarch 2008Bombardier CITYFLO 550
Beijing SubwayLine 315 December 2024
Line 1131 December 2021
Line 1215 December 2024
Line 1731 December 2021
Line 19
Yanfang line30 December 2017BTCT
Daxing Airport Express26 September 2019
Chengdu MetroLine 918 December 2020Alstom Urbalis 400
Line 27 19 December 2024 CASCO Urbalis 888
Chengdu Tianfu Airport Automated People Mover 2021
Chongqing Rail TransitBishan rubber-tyred tram16 April 2021BYD SkyShuttle[broken anchor]
Chongqing Jiangbei International Airport Monorail Rapid Transit System April 9, 2025
Jinan MetroLine 226 March 2021
Line 427 December 2025BTCT
Line 827 December 2025
Line 627 December 2025CASCO TRANAVI
Guangzhou MetroLine 1029 June 2025CARS MTC-1
Line 1128 December 2024
Line 1229 June 2025
APM Line8 November 2010Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Nanjing MetroLine 728 December 2022Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
Nanning MetroLine 516 December 2021
Ningbo Rail TransitLine 528 December 2021
Line 616 January 2026
Line 729 August 2025
Line 830 June 2025
Qingdao MetroLine 626 April 2024FITSCO TACS
Shanghai MetroLine 1010 April 2010Alstom/CASCO Urbalis 888Initially operated in GoA2 and GoA3, transitioned to GoA4 in 2020
Line 1430 December 2021Thales, Shanghai Electric TSTCBTC2.0
Line 1523 January 2021Alstom Urbalis 400
Line 1826 December 2020
Pujiang line31 March 2018Fitsco JeRail
Shaoxing MetroLine 226 July 2023
Shenzhen MetroLine 6 Branch28 November 2022
Line 12
Line 1328 December 2024
Line 1428 October 2022BTCT
Line 1628 December 2022CASCO Urbalis 888
Line 2028 December 2021 CASCO TRANAVI Qiji
Shenzhen Baoan International Airport Automated People Mover December 2021 Cityflo 650
Shenzhen Pingshan SkyShuttle Line 1 28 December 2022 BYD
Suzhou MetroLine 529 June 2021Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
Line 629 June 2024BTCT LCF-300
Line 810 September 2024CASCO Urbalis 888
Line 1124 June 2023
Taiyuan MetroLine 226 December 2020
Tianjin MetroLine 728 September 2025
Line 828 December 2021
Line 1018 November 2022
Line 1128 December 2023
Line Z418 January 2026
Wuhan MetroLine 526 December 2021
Line 121 May 2026CASCO TRANAVI Qiji
Line 1930 December 2023
Wuhu Rail TransitLine 13 November 2021
Line 228 December 2021
Xi'an MetroLine 826 December 2024
Line 10
Line 1627 June 2023CASCO Urbalis 888
Xi'an Qujiang Sightseeing Monorail16 January 2015 (closed March 2015)
1 May 2023 (re-opening)
Xiamen MetroLine 416 September 2026
Line 6
Zhengzhou MetroLine 1028 September 2023
Line 1220 December 2023
Zhengxu line28 December 2023
Egypt Cairo Monorail East Nile Line 6 May 2026 Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Hong KongHong Kong International Airport Automated People Mover6 July 1998SelTrac
MTRDisneyland Resort line1 August 2005Most trains have an attendant on board
South Island line (East)28 December 2016Alstom Urbalis 400All trains have an attendant on board
IndiaDelhi MetroPink Line14 March 2018Bombardier CITYFLO 65058.59 km (36.41 mi). Initially with an attendant on board
Magenta Line25 December 2017Nippon Signal SPARCSInitially with an attendant on board
Grey Line4 October 2019Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Mumbai MetroLine 22 April 2022
Line 35 October 2024
Line 72 April 2022
Navi Mumbai MetroLine 121 December 2023Ansaldo STS CBTC
Namma MetroYellow Line10 August 2025
IndonesiaJabodebek LRTBekasi Line28 August 2023Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
Cibubur Line
JapanKanazawa Seaside Line5 July 1989
Kobe New TransitPort Island Line5 February 1981World's first GoA4 line
Rokkō Island Line21 February 1990
Linimo6 March 2005World's first unmanned maglev
Osaka MetroNanko Port Town Line20 October 1991Previously used GoA2 from 1981 to 1991
Skyrail Midorizaka Line28 August 1998People Mover monorail

No longer in operation as of 30 April 2024.

Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of TransportationNippori-Toneri Liner30 March 2008
Wing Shuttle4 September 1994
Yurikamome1 November 1995Mitsubishi Crystal Mover
MacauMacau Light Rapid TransitTaipa Line10 December 2019Kyosan APM
Hengqin Line 2 December 2024
Seac Pai Van Line 1 November 2024
MalaysiaKLIA Aerotrain1998Bombardier CITYFLO 550 (Past)

Bombardier CITYFLO 650 (Present)

Rapid KLKelana Jaya Line1 September 1998SelTracThe first GoA4 in Malaysia, at 46.4 km (28.8 mi)
Kajang Line16 December 2016Bombardier CITYFLO 650The second GoA4, at 47 km (29 mi)
Ampang Line2017SelTrac
Sri Petaling Line
Putrajaya Line16 June 2022Bombardier CITYFLO 650The fifth GoA4 and the longest in Malaysia, at 57.7 km (35.9 mi)
Shah Alam Line29 June 2026Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
Melaka Monorail4 December 2017
Kazakhstan Astana Light Metro Line 1 16 May 2026
PakistanLahore MetroOrange Line25 October 2020CRRC Zhuzhou LocomotiveThe first driverless metro in Pakistan.
QatarDoha MetroRed Line8 May 2019(Past
Green Line10 December 2019
Gold Line21 November 2019
Hamad International Airport Shuttle2014DCC Doppelmayr Cable Car
Saudi Arabia Princess Nora bint Abdul Rahman University Automated People Mover 2012 AnsaldoBreda Driverless Metro / Ansaldo STS DTG
Riyadh Metro Line 1 1 December 2024 Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
Line 2 15 December 2024
Line 3 5 January 2025 Alstom Urbalis 400
Line 4 1 December 2024
Line 5 15 December 2024
Line 6 1 December 2024
SingaporeChangi Airport Skytrain1990Kyosan APM
Light Rail Transit (Singapore)Bukit Panjang LRT line6 November 1999Bombardier CITYFLO 550
Sengkang LRT line18 January 2003Kyosan APM
Punggol LRT line29 January 2005
Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore)North East MRT line20 June 2003Alstom Urbalis 300
Circle MRT line28 May 2009
Downtown MRT line22 December 2013Siemens Trainguard Sirius CBTC
North–South MRT line2017 Thales SelTrac Convergence CBTC
East–West MRT line18 June 2017 (Tuas West extension)
28 May 2018 (whole line)
Thomson–East Coast MRT line31 January 2020Alstom Urbalis 400
South KoreaBusan-Gimhae Light Rail Transit9 September 2011SelTrac
Busan MetroLine 430 March 2011
Daegu MetroLine 323 April 2015
Incheon Airport Maglev3 February 2016
Incheon Airport Shuttle train20 June 2008
Incheon SubwayLine 230 July 2016SelTrac
Seoul Light Rapid TransitU Line1 July 2012VAL system
Everline26 April 2013Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Ui LRT2 September 2017
Gimpo Goldline28 September 2019Nippon Signal SPARCS
Sillim Line28 May 2022
Seoul Metropolitan SubwayShinbundang Line28 October 2011SelTrac
Wolmi Sea Train8 October 2019Urbanaut
Taiwan Taichung MRT Green line 25 April 2021 Alstom Urbalis 400
Taipei MetroWenhu line28 March 1996Bombardier CITYFLO 650
New Taipei MetroCircular line31 January 2020AnsaldoBreda Driverless Metro / Ansaldo STS CBTCCurrently operated with attendant on-board
Sanying line30 June 2026
Taoyuan International Airport Skytrain18 January 2003
ThailandBTS SkytrainGold Line16 December 2020Bombardier CITYFLO 650
MRT (Bangkok)Yellow Line3 June 2023
Pink Line21 November 2023
TurkeyIstanbul MetroLine M515 September 2017
Line M7 28 November 2020 Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Line M86 January 2023
United Arab EmiratesDubai International Airport Automated People MoverTerminal 1 APM2016
Terminal 3 APMJanuary 2013
Dubai MetroRed Line9 September 2009SelTrac
Green Line9 September 2011
Palm Jumeirah Monorail30 April 2009

GoA4 – Europe

The Lille Metro is operated using fully automated rubber-tyred VAL vehicles
Country/region Name of system Line Date System Notes
DenmarkCopenhagen MetroLine M119 October 2002AnsaldoBreda Driverless Metro / Ansaldo STS DTG
Line M2
Line M329 September 2019
Line M428 March 2020
FranceCDGVALLine 13 April 2007VAL system
Line 227 June 2007
Lille MetroLine 125 April 1983Alstom Urbalis FluenceFirst line to use the VAL system
Line 21 April 1989VAL system
Lyon MetroLine B25 June 2022Alstom Urbalis 400
Line D11 December 1992
Orlyval2 October 1991VAL system
Paris MetroLine 13 November 2011Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
Line 412 September 2022
Line 1415 October 1998
Rennes MetroLine A15 March 2002VAL system
Line B20 September 2022 Neoval
Toulouse MetroLine A26 June 1993VAL system
Line B30 June 2007
GermanyDortmund H-Bahn2 May 1984SIPEM
Düsseldorf Airport SkyTrain1 July 2002
Munich Airport Satellite Terminal Shuttle Train2016Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Nuremberg U-BahnLine U22 January 2010Siemens Trainguard LZB 523
Line U314 June 2008
SkyLine1994Bombardier CITYFLO 550 (Terminal 1-2 Shuttle), Neoval (Terminal 1-3 Shuttle)
GreeceThessaloniki MetroLine 130 November 2024AnsaldoBreda Driverless Metro / Ansaldo STS CBTC
Line 227 August 2026
HungaryBudapest MetroLine 428 March 2014Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
ItalyBrescia Metro2 March 2013AnsaldoBreda Driverless Metro / Ansaldo STS DTG
Marconi Express18 November 2020Intamin People Mover P30
Milan MetroLine 426 November 2022AnsaldoBreda Driverless Metro / Ansaldo STS CBTC
Line 510 February 2013 AnsaldoBreda Driverless Metro / Ansaldo STS DTG
Pisa Mover2017MiniMetro
Rome MetroLine C9 November 2014AnsaldoBreda Driverless Metro / Ansaldo STS DTG
SkyBridge1999
Turin MetroLine M14 February 2006VAL system
Venice People Mover19 April 2010DCC Doppelmayr Cable Car
RussiaAutomated Passenger Transportation SystemJune 2018
SpainBarcelona MetroLine 913 December 2009Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC47.8 km (29.7 mi)
Line 1010 April 2010
Madrid Barajas Airport People MoverDecember 2005Bombardier CITYFLO 550
SwitzerlandLausanne MetroLine M227 October 2008Alstom Urbalis 300
SkymetroSeptember 2003Otis Hovair
TurkeyIstanbul MetroLine M728 October 2020Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Line M1122 January 2023AselsanInitially operated in GoA3, transitioned to GoA4 on 3 January 2024
United KingdomAirRail Link7 March 2003DCC Doppelmayr Cable Car
Gatwick Airport Shuttle Transit1987Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Heathrow Terminal 5 Transit2008
Stansted Airport Transit System1991Bombardier CITYFLO 550
Luton DART 10 March 2023 DCC Doppelmayr Cable Car

GoA4 – Oceania

Sydney Metro Alstom Metropolis
Country/region Name of system Line Date System Notes
AustraliaRio TintoHamersley & Robe River28 December 2018Hitachi AutoHaul
Sydney MetroNorth West & Bankstown26 May 2019Alstom Urbalis 400

Future systems

Americas

Country/region Name of system Line Date System Notes
Argentina Buenos Aires Underground Line F 2031
BrazilManaus MonorailSelTrac
São Paulo MetroLine 62027Nippon Signal SPARCS
Canada Toronto Subway Ontario Line 2031 Hitachi Rail
ChileSantiago MetroLine 72028Alstom Urbalis 400
Line 82032
Line 92030
PeruLima MetroLine 42028AnsaldoBreda Driverless Metro / Ansaldo STS CBTC

Asia

Country/region Name of system Line Date System Notes
China (Mainland)Beijing SubwayLine 22December 2026
Line 282029
Ningbo Rail TransitLine 102026
Shanghai MetroLine 192028
Line 202029
Line 212027
Line 22December 2026
Line 232028
Shenzhen Metro Line 152027-2028
Line 172029
Line 192028
Line 222028
Line 252028
Line 272029
Line 292029
Tianjin MetroLine B1December 2026
Line Z2September 2028
Xiamen MetroLine 92027
Egypt Cairo Monorail West Nile Line 2026 Bombardier CITYFLO 650
IndiaMumbai MetroGreen Line2027
Orange Line2027
Pink Line2028
Gold Line
Purple Line
Magenta Line
Namma MetroPink LineNovember 2026
Blue LineMarch 2027
JapanJR EastYamanote Line2028
Malaysia /

Singapore

 RTS Link February 2027
SingaporeMass Rapid Transit (Singapore)Jurong Region Line2028-2029Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
Cross Island Line2030-2032
South KoreaBusan MetroSasang–Hadan Line2027
Seoul Light Rapid TransitDongbuk LineNovember 2027
TaiwanTaoyuan MetroGreen LineDecember 2026Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
Kaohsiung MetroYellow Line2032Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
ThailandMRT (Bangkok)Orange Line2028
TurkeyIstanbul MetroLine M12December 2026Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Line M132029
Line M142027
İzmir MetroLine M22027

Europe

Country/region Name of system Line Date System Notes
Czech RepublicPrague MetroLine C2028-2030
Line D2031
Denmark Copenhagen S-Train 2030-2040 Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
FranceLyon MetroLine A2035
Marseille MetroLine 12027Alstom Urbalis 400
Line 22026
Paris MétroLine 132027–2035Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
Line 15September 2027
Line 16September 2028
Line 17
Line 18December 2026Alstom Urbalis Fluence
Toulouse MetroLine C2028Alstom Urbalis 400
GreeceAthens MetroLine 42032
Germany Hamburg U-Bahn Line U5 [de} 2029 Alstom Urbalis Fluence
IrelandMetroLink (Dublin)2035
Italy Naples Metro Line 10 2030+ CAF Opito
Norway Oslo Metro Line 6 2027 Will be GoA2 or GoA4, depending on that year...
SpainMadrid MetroLine 62026-2029Alstom Urbalis 400
Line 8
Sweden Stockholm Metro Yellow Line 2034 [56][57]
Switzerland Appenzell Railways RhW 2027 Stadler NOVA Pro
Baselland Transport Line 19 Waldenburg railway 2030
United Kingdom Glasgow Subway 2027 Hitachi Rail STS CBTC

Oceania

Country/region Name of system Line Date System Notes
AustraliaSydney MetroSydney Metro West2032
Western Sydney Airport line2026Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
Suburban Rail Loop (Melbourne)Suburban Rail Loop East2035Alstom Urbalis Forward

Notes

  1. ↑ With train captains monitoring in cab
  2. ↑ With train captains monitoring in cab
  3. ↑ UTO system jointly developed by Thales Group and Shanghai Electric.
  4. ↑ Previously operated in manual mode
  5. ↑ To be converted to GoA4
  6. ↑ With train captains monitoring in cab.
  7. ↑ Rebuilt in 1981
  8. ↑ Rebuilt in 2016
  9. ↑ This railroad is GoA2 capable, able to run a train without any person on board for the entire trip out to the Four Corners Generating Station and back to the mines.[citation needed]
  10. ↑ UTO system jointly developed by Thales Group and Shanghai Electric.
  11. ↑ With train attendants to drive trains in the event of a disruption.
  12. ↑ With train attendants to drive trains in the event of a disruption.
  13. ↑ Original system opened in 1990; upgraded to current system in 2006.
  14. ↑ The largest fully automated rapid transit network in the world with 202.4 km (125.8 mi) of automated rail lines. Trains may have an attendant on board. Only North–South line and East–West line has driving cabins.
  15. ↑ North–South and East–West lines were converted from a lower GoA to a higher GoA
  16. ↑ Previously used VAL
  17. ↑ System started with an attendant on board each train full-time. Gradually over time, the presence of attendants decreased. By September 2017, trains have attendants only while in long tunnel sections.
  18. ↑ On the Asian side of Istanbul
  19. ↑ Red Line at 52.1 km (32.4 mi). The longest driverless network in the Middle East.
  20. 1 2 3 4 Converted from manual to automated operation
  21. ↑ Rubber-tyred trains controlled by a system known as MAGGALY (Métro Automatique à Grand Gabarit de l'Agglomération Lyonnaise).
  22. ↑ First fully automatic metro in Italy. First section opened for the 2006 Winter Olympics, completed in 2014.
  23. ↑ The Rio Tinto "AutoHaul" system on its iron ore railways in the Pilbara. This system is GoA 4 capable, able to run trains without a single person aboard for the entire trip out to the mines and back to the port. In October 2017 the first fully autonomous test took place over a 100 kilometres (62 mi) section. The group was granted accreditation by Australia's Office of the National Rail Safety Regulator, approving the autonomous operation of iron ore trains in the Pilbara region of Western Australia.
  24. ↑ First completely driverless metro line in Australia.
  25. ↑ GoA4
  26. ↑ UTO Fully driverless system.
  27. ↑ Upgrade from GoA2 to GoA4
  28. ↑ Upgrade from GoA2 to GoA4
  29. ↑ Upgrade from GoA2 to GoA4
  30. ↑ Upgrade from GoA2 to GoA4
  31. ↑ Upgrade from GoA2 to GoA4
  32. ↑ Conversion from manual to driverless operation
  33. ↑ Upgrade from GoA2 to GoA4 as part of Subway Modernisation.

References

  1. ↑ "Thales Awarded Signalling Contract for News Salvador Metro". Thales Group. 24 March 2014. Retrieved 29 December 2018.
  2. ↑ Jackson, Chris (20 February 2009). "Automating Brazil's busiest metro lines". Railway Gazette International. Retrieved 26 June 2024.
  3. 1 2 Briginshaw, David. "Shanghai awards contract for first automated metro line". Retrieved 21 May 2018.
  4. 1 2 "上海5号线TSTCBTC®2.0信号系统成功通过载客运营考核评审 – TST". www.thalessec.com.cn. Retrieved 2 March 2021.
  5. ↑ "卡斯柯100%全自主信号护航 上海轨道交通17号线开通载客运营". www.casco.com.cn. Retrieved 10 September 2019.
  6. ↑ "武汉地铁进入全自动驾驶时代 5号线有望"尝鲜"" [Wuhan Metro enters the fully driverless era: Line 5 could have "early preview"]. Chutian Metropolis Daily. 16 May 2018. Archived from the original on 13 October 2019. Retrieved 19 February 2019 – via China News Service.
  7. ↑ Kampík, Vladimír; Pavel, Michal; Stříteský, Petr; Gurník, Peter (26 March 2025). "Automation: Journey to a driverless future". Railway Gazette International. Retrieved 30 March 2025.
  8. ↑ "Na trať zvanou Kopidlnka na Mladoboleslavsku vyjede Edita, první autonomní vlak v Evropě s cestujícími". Střední Čechy (in Czech). 29 March 2025. Retrieved 30 March 2025.
  9. ↑ "Беспилотный трамвай в Москве запущен в промышленную эксплуатацию". Коммерсант. 3 September 2025. Retrieved 18 September 2025.
  10. ↑ "Relatório de Empreendimentos – Julho/2022". Metrô. 2022. Retrieved 20 September 2022.
  11. ↑ "ViaQuatro ganha Prêmio UITP Latino" (in Portuguese).
  12. ↑ Fernando Galfo (11 February 2019). "Monotrilho da Linha 17 Ouro somente em 2021". Ferroviando (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 6 July 2019.
  13. ↑ "DefesaNet – Tecnologia – THALES – Fornecerá Tecnologia sem Condutor à Linha 17-Ouro do Metrô de SP". www.defesanet.com.br. Retrieved 6 July 2019.
  14. ↑ "Evergreen Extension opening today". 2 December 2016.
  15. ↑ "Santiago de Chile brings a new reality to urban mobility with Thales signalling systems | Thales Group". www.thalesgroup.com. 6 November 2017. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
  16. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Betis, Alexander; Torre, Marino; Ghiorzo, Alessandro; Del Gaudio, Giovanni (6 April 2017). "La Linea M4 di Milano: Approfondiamo Gli Aspetti Tecnici – L'evoluzione del sistema di automazione dalla M5 alla M4, evoluzione e non rivoluzione" [The M4 line of Milan: we examine the technical aspects - the evolution of the automation system from M5 to M4, evolution and non-revolution] (PDF). CIFI (in Italian). Collegio Ingegneri Ferroviari Italiani. p. 18. Retrieved 13 March 2022.
  17. ↑ "Crystal Mover Services, Inc. | Washington Dulles International Airport". Crystal Mover Services, Inc. Retrieved 18 January 2024.
  18. ↑ "USA | Thales Group". www.thalesgroup.com. 16 December 2015. Retrieved 18 January 2024.
  19. 1 2 "The Evolution of CBTC" (PDF). 1 December 2016. Retrieved 27 June 2024.
  20. ↑ "Crystal Mover Services, Inc. | Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport". Crystal Mover Services, Inc. Retrieved 18 January 2024.
  21. ↑ "KYOSAN HISTORY｜History of Kyosan｜Company Information ｜ Kyosan Electric Mfg. Co., Ltd". www.kyosan.co.jp. Retrieved 18 January 2024.
  22. ↑ "'Skyline' Opens in Honolulu". 30 June 2023. Retrieved 1 July 2023.
  23. ↑ "Beijing welcome significant expansion of their urban rail network". Intelligent Transport. Retrieved 29 December 2018.
  24. ↑ "建设运营 北京地铁大兴机场线下月底开通". 30 August 2019. Archived from the original on 17 December 2019. Retrieved 15 October 2022.
  25. ↑ Ltd, DVV Media International. "Chengdu driverless metro contracts awarded". Metro Report. Archived from the original on 4 July 2018. Retrieved 21 May 2018.
  26. ↑ 新浪新闻综合 (19 March 2021). "明日暂不通车！济南地铁2号线预计3月下旬开始初期运营". news.sina.com.cn. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
  27. ↑ "济南城市轨道交通4号线一期工程信号系统采购项目中标结果公告". 济南轨道交通集团有限公司. Retrieved 22 May 2024.
  28. ↑ "卡斯柯助力济南地铁6号线，打造全自动运行精品工程". 卡斯柯. Retrieved 22 May 2024.
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