Lists of emperors
This is a list including all rulers who had carried the title of emperor or who ruled over an empire through history. Some titles meaning "emperor" might not have been used in the context like "padishah" under the Kingdom of Afghanistan or "tsar" under Kingdom of Bulgaria.
Emperors of traditional empires
Asia
Europe
Americas
Africa
Emperors of short-lived monarchies
- Emperor Jacques of the Empire of Haiti (1804–1806)
- Emperor Augustine of the First Mexican Empire (1822–1823)
- Emperor Faustin of the Empire of Haiti (1849–1859)
- Emperor Maximilian of the Second Mexican Empire (1864–1867)
- Emperor Sunjong and Gojong of the Korean Empire (1897–1910)
- The Hongxian Emperor of the Empire of China (1915–1916)
- The Datong Emperor of the Empire of Manchuria (1934–1945)
- Emperor Victor Emmanuel III of Ethiopia (1936–1941)
- Emperor Bảo Đại of the Empire of Vietnam (1945)
- Emperor Bokassa of the Central African Empire (1976–1979)
Self-proclaimed "emperors"
- See also Self-proclaimed monarchy and micronation
- Yi Ching-ok, "Emperor of the Geum dynasty" (1453)
- Jovan Nenad, "Emperor of Serbs" (1526–1527)
- Andrés Novales, “Emperor of the Philippines” (1823)
- Joshua Abraham Norton, “Emperor of the United States of America” (1859-1880)