The historical name of the city and district is Jhang Sial, literally meaning the "terrain of the Sials". The word Jhang is derived from the Sanskrit word jāṅgala which means rough or forested terrain; the word Jungle shares the same root.
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The city of Jhang was built in 1288 by Rai Sial, a chief of the Sial tribe. The Sial tribe ruled this region ever since then until the last Sial ruler of Jhang, Ahmad Khan (1812 to 1822) was defeated by Ranjit Singh after fierce fighting.
Under the collective rule of the Sial khans of Jhang and other Sial sub-tribes such as the Rajbana and Bharwana, in the zenith of their power, the Sial territory of Jhang extended up to the Muzaffargarh boundary in the south, and the entirety of Chiniot, Kamalia and Kabirwalailakas. The territory extended to parts of Bhakkar and Sargodha. The Garh Mahraja and Ahmadpur Sialilakas were added to the possessions of the Rajbana Sial tribe who drove out the Baloch tribes to the Thal and defeated the Nawab of Multan by the mid 18th-century.
Under the British Raj, the towns of Jhang and Mighiana, lying two miles (3.2km) apart, became a joint municipality, then known as Jhang-Maghiana.
Geography
Jhang Sadr is located at 31.27 latitude and 72.33 longitude and is situated at an elevation of 158 meters above sea level.
Jhang is situated at the east bank of the Chenab River which has confluence with Jhelum at Trimmu Barrage near the town of Athara Hazari. The city was endangered in the 2014 floods but it was not flooded as the flood water was redirected towards Athara Hazari. Maghiana lies on the edge of the highlands, overlooking the alluvial valley of the Chenab, while the older town of Jhang occupies the lowlands at its foot.
Demographics
Historical population
Year
Pop.
±%
1941
...
—
1951
73,397
—
1961
94,971
+29.4%
1972
131,843
+38.8%
1981
195,558
+48.3%
1998
293,366
+50.0%
2017
414,131
+41.2%
2023
606,533
+46.5%
The population of city in 1998 Census of Pakistan was recorded as 293,366. According to the 2017 Census of Pakistan, the population of city rose to 414,131 with a growth of 41.17% in 19 years.
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