Miss Earth 2018

Miss Earth 2018
DateNovember 3, 2018; 7 years ago (2018-11-03)
PresentersJames Deakin
EntertainmentBrian McKnight
ThemeGoddesses of the Earth
VenueSM Mall of Asia Arena, Pasay, Metro Manila, Philippines
Broadcaster
  • Live Telecast:
  • Live Stream:
    • Miss Earth Facebook page
    • Miss Earth YouTube channel
Entrants87
Placements18
DebutsMontenegro
Withdrawals
  • Angola
  • Canada
  • Cook Islands
  • Ethiopia
  • Kyrgyzstan
  • Lebanon
  • Mongolia
  • Pakistan
  • Switzerland
  • Taiwan
  • Uganda
  • United States Virgin Islands
  • Wales
Returns
  • Armenia
  • Cuba
  • Curaçao
  • Egypt
  • Germany
  • Greece
  • Guam
  • Guyana
  • Haiti
  • Ireland
  • Liberia
  • Romania
  • South Africa
  • Trinidad and Tobago
WinnerNguyễn Phương Khánh
Vietnam
← 2017
2019 →

Miss Earth 2018 was the 18th edition of the Miss Earth pageant, held at the SM Mall of Asia Arena in Bay City, Pasay, Metro Manila, the Philippines, on November 3, 2018.

Karen Ibasco of the Philippines crowned her successor Nguyễn Phương Khánh of Vietnam at the end of the event. This is the first time Vietnam won the Miss Earth pageant, one of the Big Four International Beauty Pageants.

In August 2019, the Miss Earth 2018 winners and the Armed Forces of the Philippines conducted an outreach program for the welfare of the senior citizens and persons with disabilities admitted at the Veterans Memorial Medical Center in the Philippines.

Results

Placements

Placement Contestant
Miss Earth 2018
Miss Earth – Air 2018
  •  Austria – Melanie Mader
Miss Earth – Water 2018
Miss Earth – Fire 2018
Top 8
Top 12
  •  Chile – Antonia Figueroa
  •  Netherlands – Margaretha de Jong
  •  Slovenia – Danijela Burjan
  •  South Africa – Margo Fargo
Top 18
  •  Brazil – Sayonara Veras
  •  Ghana – Belvy Naa
  •  Japan – Mio Tanaka
  •  Montenegro – Katarina Seckovic
  •    Nepal – Priya Sigdel §
  •  Romania – Denisse Andor

    (§) – Placed in the Top 18 are two spots chosen by the People and Judges for the Best Eco-Video (1) and Best Eco-Social Media (1) Awardees

    Background

    On July 26, 2018, it was announced through Miss Earth Organization's social media accounts that the pageant will be held in the Philippines again from October 6 to November 3.

    The live telecast of the pageant's coronation night will be held at the Mall of Asia Arena in Pasay for the third consecutive year.

    On October 20, 2018, Miss Earth announced on their Facebook page that they will have this year's Eco-Video and Eco-Media Award winners, automatic fast-tracks to the Top 18. Two candidates will earn two spots through the preliminary panel of judges and by the votes of social media.

    Pre Pageant Activities

    Medalists

    Event Gold Silver Bronze
    National Costume Competition
    Asia & Oceania Nguyễn Phương Khánh
     Vietnam
    Nirada Chetsadapriyakun
     Thailand
    Celeste Cortesi
     Philippines
    North & Central America Melissa Flores
     Mexico
    Diana Lemos
     Panama
    Lisa Hayet
     Guatemala
    South America Xamiera Kippins
     Guyana
    Diana Valdivieso
     Ecuador
    Jessica Russo
     Peru
    Africa Alma Nancy Sesay
     Sierra Leone
    Margret Konie
     Zambia
    Maristella Okpala
     Nigeria
    Western Europe Carolina Jane de Ferreira
     Spain
    Telma Madeira
     Portugal
    Sofia Pavan
     Italy
    Eastern Europe Nina Jovanović
     Serbia
    Ksenia Sarina
     Crimea
    Katarina Šećković
     Montenegro
    Evening Gown Competition
    AIR Group Danijela Burjan
     Slovenia
    Celeste Cortesi
     Philippines
    Jessica Russo
     Peru
    WATER Group Nguyễn Phương Khánh
     Vietnam
    Sofia Pavan
     Italy
    Guo Yameng
     China
    FIRE Group Nirada Chetsadapriyakun
     Thailand
    Gabriela Franceschini
     Dominican Republic
    Denisse Andor
     Romania
    Swimsuit Competition
    AIR Group Telma Madeira
     Portugal
    Celeste Cortesi
     Philippines
    Danijela Burjan
     Slovenia
    WATER Group Melissa Flores
     Mexico
    Nguyễn Phương Khánh
     Vietnam
    Nađa Pepić
     Bosnia and Herzegovina
    FIRE Group Diana Silva
     Venezuela
    Gabriela Franceschini
     Dominican Republic
    Carolina Jane de Ferreira
     Spain
    Resort Wear Competition
    AIR Group Celeste Cortesi
     Philippines
    Valeria Ayos
     Colombia
    Nishi Bhardwaj
     India
    WATER Group Melissa Flores
     Mexico
    Christie van Schalkwyk
     Northern Ireland
    Nađa Pepić
     Bosnia and Herzegovina
    Sofia Pavan
     Italy
    FIRE Group Diana Silva
     Venezuela
    Margaretha de Jong
     Netherlands
    Carolina Jane de Ferreira
     Spain
    Talent Competition
    AIR Group Danijela Burjan
     Slovenia
    Afeya Jeffrey
     Trinidad and Tobago
    Antonia Figueroa
     Chile
    WATER Group Melanie Mader
     Austria
    Xamiera Kippins
     Guyana
    Krystal Xamairy
     Puerto Rico
    FIRE Group Daria Kartyshova
     Russia
    Priya Sigdel
       Nepal
    Nirada Chetsadapriyakun
     Thailand

    Local Special Awards

    AwardDelegate
    Miss Earth Goes Plastic Free
    • 1st Runner-up
    • 2nd Runner-up
    •  Nigeria – Maristella Okpala
    •  Indonesia – Ratu Vashti Annisa
    •  South Africa – Margo Fargo
    Darling of the Press
    •  Guam – Emma Sheedy
    Goddess of Albay
    • 1st Runner-up
    • 2nd Runner-up
    •  Portugal – Telma Madeira
    •  Philippines – Celeste Cortesi
    •  Slovenia – Danijela Burjan
    Best in Terno
    • 1st Runner-up
    • 2nd Runner-up
    •  Portugal – Telma Madeira
    •  Philippines – Celeste Cortesi
    •  Peru – Jessica Russo

    Sponsor's Awards

    AwardDelegate
    Miss Brisa Marina
    •  Dominican Republic – Gabriela Franceschini
    Miss CBNC Choice Award
    •  Spain – Carolina Jane de Ferreira
    Miss Coral Bay Nickel Corporation Choice Award
    •  Spain – Carolina Jane de Ferreira
    Miss Earth JACMI
    Miss Ever Bilena
    •  Indonesia - Ratu Vashti Annisa
    Miss People's Choice City Ambassadress
    •  Indonesia – Ratu Vashti Annisa
    Miss Psalmstre New Placenta
    •  Indonesia – Ratu Vashti Annisa
    •  Brazil – Sayonara Veras
    •  Mexico – Melissa Flores
    Miss Pontefino Estates
    •  Brazil – Sayonara Veras
    Miss Pontefino Hotel
    •  Puerto Rico – Krystal Xamairy
    Miss Puerto Princesa Agutaya Club
    •  South Africa – Margo Fargo
    Miss Puerto Princesa Centro Hotel
    Miss Robig Builders
    Miss Ruj Beauty Care & Spa
    Miss Sharp Award
    •  Northern Ireland – Christie van Schalkwyk
    Miss Sponsor of DV Boer Farm Ambassadress
    Miss Sponsor of Facial Cleanse Ambassadress
    •  Guam – Emma Sheedy
    Miss Sponsor of Forever Living Ambassadress
    •  Ghana – Belvy Naa
    Miss Sponsor of Infinity Closet
    •  Peru – Jessica Russo
    Miss Wellness Lumiere Skin & Spa
    •  Spain – Carolina Jane de Ferreira
    Miss Visit Laus Auto Group
    •  Spain – Carolina Jane de Ferreira
    Miss Junca Beauty 2018

    Contestants

    87 contestants competed for the title.

    Country/TerritoryContestantAgeHometownGroup
    Argentina ArgentinaDolores Cardoso23ArrecifesFIRE
    Armenia ArmeniaSona Danielyan22YerevanFIRE
    Australia AustraliaMonique Shippen25SydneyFIRE
    Austria AustriaMelanie Mader26ViennaWATER
    The Bahamas BahamasSamia Lauryn McClain18NassauWATER
    Belarus BelarusAnastasia Schipanova26MinskAIR
    Belgium BelgiumFaye Bulcke21ZonnebekeAIR
    Belize BelizeRenae Martinez21Belize CityAIR
    Bolivia BoliviaKaren Quispe20BermejoFIRE
    Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and HerzegovinaNađa Pepić18Banja LukaWATER
    Brazil BrazilSayonara Veras25OlindaWATER
    Cambodia CambodiaKeo Senglyhour20Phnom PenhWATER
    Cameroon CameroonAudrey Monkam23BueaAIR
    Chile ChileAntonia Figueroa23La SerenaAIR
    China ChinaGuo Yameng21BeijingWATER
    Colombia ColombiaValeria Ayos24CartagenaAIR
    Costa Rica Costa RicaArianna Medrano19PuntarenasAIR
     CrimeaKsenia Sarina25SimferopolAIR
    Croatia CroatiaMichelle Korenić20ZagrebWATER
    Cuba CubaMonica Aguilar19CamagüeyAIR
    Curaçao CuraçaoAlexandra Atalita24WillemstadFIRE
    Cyprus CyprusMaría Armenáki18Ayia NapaWATER
    Czech Republic Czech RepublicTereza Křivánková24PragueFIRE
    Denmark DenmarkKamilla Bang19HorsensFIRE
    Dominican Republic Dominican RepublicGabriela Franceschini26Santo DomingoFIRE
    Ecuador EcuadorDiana Valdivieso20PortoviejoWATER
    Egypt EgyptLamia Fathi24CairoWATER
    England EnglandAbbey-Anne Gyles-Brown20NorthamptonAIR
     FranceAllison Dernard25MarseilleAIR
    Germany GermanyMaren Tschinkel20RavensburgFIRE
    Ghana GhanaBelvy Naa25AccraAIR
    Greece GreeceChrysa Androutsopoulou24PatrasFIRE
     GuadeloupeOrlane Dorocant20GourbeyreWATER
    Guam GuamEmma Sheedy18YigoAIR
    Guatemala GuatemalaLisa Hayet24MixcoWATER
    Guyana GuyanaXamiera Kippins23GeorgetownWATER
    Haiti HaitiFalance Benjamin26Port-au-PrinceAIR
    Honduras HondurasDiana Palma21DanlíFIRE
    Hungary HungaryRéka Lukács25BudapestAIR
    India IndiaNishi Bhardwaj23New DelhiAIR
    Indonesia IndonesiaRatu Vashti Annisa23TangerangWATER
    Republic of Ireland IrelandSarah Carr24DowningsAIR
    Israel IsraelDana Zreik20OleshWATER
    Italy ItalySofia Pavan19PaduaWATER
    Japan JapanMio Tanaka24KomatsuAIR
    Liberia LiberiaJoicet Jartu Foday23MonroviaWATER
    Malaysia MalaysiaJasmine Yeo25KuchingFIRE
    Malta MaltaYanika Azzopardi22MostaWATER
    Mauritius MauritiusKirty Sujeewon26Fond du SacAIR
    Mexico MexicoMelissa Flores20Venustiano CarranzaWATER
    Moldova MoldovaDumitrița Izbișciuc18Chișinău AIR
    Montenegro MontenegroKatarina Šećković24Bijelo PoljeFIRE
    Myanmar MyanmarChaw Yupar Thet24YangonAIR
    Nepal NepalPriya Sigdel23KathmanduFIRE
    Netherlands NetherlandsMargaretha de Jong21TytsjerksteradielFIRE
    New Zealand New ZealandJzayla Hughey22AucklandWATER
    Nigeria NigeriaMaristella Okpala25EnuguFIRE
    Northern Ireland Northern IrelandChristie van Schalkwyk24CarrickfergusWATER
    Panama PanamaDiana Lemos20La ChorreraFIRE
    Paraguay ParaguayLarissa Domínguez22AsunciónWATER
    Peru PeruJessica Russo22LimaAIR
    Philippines PhilippinesCeleste Cortesi20PasayAIR
    Poland PolandAleksandra Grysz22KrakówFIRE
    Portugal PortugalTelma Madeira18PortoAIR
    Puerto Rico Puerto RicoKrystal Xamairy18AreciboWATER
    Réunion RéunionAlexia Aupin18Saint-JosephWATER
     RomaniaDenisse Andor23BistrițaFIRE
    Russia RussiaDaria Kartyshova24Nizhny NovgorodFIRE
    Rwanda RwandaAnastasie Umutoniwase19KigaliFIRE
    Samoa SamoaRebecca Sang-Yum20ApiaAIR
    Serbia SerbiaNina Jovanović18PožarevacWATER
    Sierra Leone Sierra LeoneAlma Nancy Sesa19Port LokoFIRE
    Singapore SingaporeKara Dong19Singapore CityFIRE
    Slovenia SloveniaDanijela Burjan22ZrečeAIR
    South Africa South AfricaMargo Fargo26HeidedalFIRE
    South Korea South KoreaSu-hyun Song25DaeguFIRE
    Spain SpainCarolina Jane de Ferreira22CantabriaFIRE
    Sri Lanka Sri LankaNathasha Fernando21MataraWATER
    Sweden SwedenYasmine Mindru19GothenburgFIRE
    Thailand ThailandNirada Chetsadapriyakun26Amnat CharoenFIRE
     TongaMaria Otulao Aholelei21NukuʻalofaWATER
    Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad and TobagoAfeya Jeffrey26Point FortinAIR
    Ukraine UkraineAnastasiia Kryvokhyzha23KyivWATER
    United States United StatesYashvi Aware25College ParkFIRE
    Venezuela VenezuelaDiana Silva21CaracasFIRE
    Vietnam VietnamNguyễn Phương Khánh23Bến TreWATER
    Zambia ZambiaMargret Konie21LusakaAIR

    Notes

    Debuts

    Returns

    • Last competed in 2008:
      •  Liberia
    • Last competed in 2009:
      •  Cuba
      •  Greece
    • Last competed in 2014:
      •  Curaçao
      •  Guyana
    • Last competed in 2015:
      •  Armenia
      •  Egypt
      •  Germany
      •  Ireland
      •  Trinidad and Tobago
    • Last competed in 2016:
      •  Guam
      •  Haiti
      •  Romania
      •  South Africa

    Replacements

    Designations

    Withdrawals

    During the contest
    Before the contest
    •  Angola
    •  Cook Islands
    •  Ethiopia
    •  Kyrgyzstan
    •  Mongolia
    •  Pakistan
    •   Switzerland
    •  Taiwan
    •  Uganda
    •  United States Virgin Islands
    •  Wales

    Controversies

    Lebanon and Israel conflict

    Miss Lebanon 2018, Salwa Akar received international press attention when she was stripped of her title in Lebanon, while participating in Miss Earth 2018 pageant after she posted a photo in Facebook with her arm around Miss Israel's Dana Zreik and making peace signs. Lebanon and Israel are in a long-standing state of war. As a result, she was unable to continue her participation in the Miss Earth pageant. In a press release, Israel's Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s spokesman Ofir Gendelman reacted on Akar’s dethronement and condemned the "Lebanese apartheid."

    Sexual harassment allegations

    On November 7–8, 2018, Jaime Vandenberg of Canada, Abbey-Anne Gyles-Brown of England, and Emma Sheedy of Guam accused one of the Filipino food sponsors of sexual harassment during a dinner at the Manila Yacht Club, claiming that he asked them for sexual favors in exchange for the crown or an advancement in the pageant. Sheedy had identified the sponsor as Amado S. Cruz, who is president of a car rental company and CEO of a construction company. The Manila Yacht Club officials clarified that Cruz is not a member and could have just been sponsored by another member. The pageant officials indicated that Cruz was not one of the major sponsors of the pageant and just sponsored for an evening meal.

    Vandenberg withdrew from competition after Cruz obtained her mobile number without her consent and kept calling her for her hotel and room number. The pageant officials stated that they did not know how Cruz obtained her number, and they only have the delegates' international contact numbers and the pageant's mode of communication was through messenger and group chat only.

    Vandenberg also claimed the organizers confiscated her passport on the first day of competition. The pageant organizers denied Vandenberg's claim, stating that delegates are free to keep their passports by signing a waiver and they only keep the passports for safekeeping since there had been many occasions of misplacing or losing their passports and to facilitate check-in for their domestic flights and hotel accommodations.

    Vandenberg also said that seven candidates left the dinner and accompanied by the team managers to sit on the bus after feeling uncomfortable with the sponsor. All three candidates voiced their complaints to organizer Lorraine Schuck, but despite Schuck's assurance that Cruz would not be allowed near the candidates, he still appeared in the pageant. Schuck then stated that she does not have any authority in public places, such as the hotels where the delegates stayed and the Mall of Asia Arena where the grand final of the pageant took place since the pageant was a public event. Furthermore, Schuck said that all the delegates had police escorts for their safety. Schuck subsequently announced that Cruz is 'forever banned' from Miss Earth.

    On November 9, 2018, Cruz denied the accusations of the three candidates. In addition, Monica Aguilar of Cuba claimed there were no instances of sexual harassment during the competition. Instead, she stated that the sponsor asked only if they wished to extend their visas to proceed to Boracay after the pageant, and she further stated that "no one was promised to get us further in the competition through 'sexual favors."

    On November 10, 2018, Schuck's company Carousel Productions Inc. urged other candidates to come forward if they experienced any incidents of sexual harassment during the pageant. The organizer also expressed support to the delegates in case they decide to take any further action to the alleged perpetrator.

    Crossovers

    Contestants who previously competed or will be competing at other international beauty pageants:

    Miss Universe
    Miss World
    Miss International
    Miss Grand International
    Miss Asia Pacific International
    Top Model of the World
    Reinado Internacional Del Café
    Miss Grand Mar Universe
    Miss City Tourism World
    Miss Black San International Queen
    Miss Tourism America

    Broadcasters

    Broadcasters Coverage
    Facebook Live Livestream on the official Facebook page of Miss Earth Organization.
    FOX Life Live broadcast in Australia, China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, New Zealand, Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam.
    GMA Network Livestream on the official YouTube Channel of GMA Network and delayed telecast (November 4, 2018) in the Philippines.
    Globovisión Broadcast in Venezuela and through DirecTV cable channels in Argentina, Aruba, Barbados, Chile, Colombia, Curaçao, Ecuador, Peru, Puerto Rico, Trinidad and Tobago, and Uruguay.
    Hong Kong Cable Television Broadcast in Hong Kong.
    MVS Comunicaciones Broadcast in Central and South America, Canada, the Caribbean, Mexico, and the United States.
    Telecaribe Broadcast in Colombia.
    Telemicro Broadcast in Dominican Republic.
    SCCN Channel 17 Broadcast in Suriname.
    ZAP TV Broadcast in Angola and Mozambique.

    References

    1. ↑ "Miss Earth beauties join AFP outreach program for seniors". BusinessMirror. 2019-10-26. Retrieved 2021-01-04.
    2. ↑ "FULL LIST: Winners, Miss Earth 2018". Rappler. 3 November 2018. Retrieved September 22, 2023.
    3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 "Miss Earth 2018 Delegates". www.missearth.tv.
    4. ↑ "Melanie Mader crowned Miss Earth Austria 2018". beautypageants.indiatimes. Retrieved 8 September 2018.
    5. ↑ "Jasmine Yeo Suk Peng crowned Miss Earth Malaysia 2018". beautypageants.indiatimes. Retrieved 1 June 2018.
    6. ↑ "O româncă stabilită în Spania va reprezenta Romania la Miss Earth 2018 din Filipine". iasifun.ziaruldeiasi.ro (in Romanian).
    7. ↑ Nsabimana, Eddie (October 1, 2018). "Umutoniwase to represent Rwanda at Miss Earth 2018". The New Times. Retrieved 5 October 2018.
    8. ↑ "Danijela Burjan iz Zreč je nova Miss Earth Slovenije 2018". Novice.si (in Slovenian). Retrieved 16 September 2018.
    9. ↑ "Miss Earth Official Delegates". Miss Earth. Retrieved 18 September 2018.
    10. ↑ "Diana Silva es la nueva Miss Earth Venezuela". primicia.com.ve (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 7 September 2018. Retrieved 14 August 2018.
    11. ↑ Greene, Leonard (17 October 2018). "Lebanese pageant winner stripped of title for posing with Israeli contestant". New York Daily News. Retrieved 29 October 2018.
    12. ↑ Spiro, Amy (17 October 2018). "Miss Earth Lebanon stripped of title after photo with Israeli". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 29 October 2018.
    13. ↑ Staff Writer (19 October 2018). "Lebanon's Miss Earth 2018 bet stripped of title after photo with Miss Israel". Rappler. Retrieved 29 October 2018.
    14. ↑ Magsino, Dona (21 October 2018). "Miss Earth Lebanon loses crown over photo with Miss Earth Israel". GMA News TV. Retrieved 29 October 2018.
    15. ↑ Staff Writer (20 October 2018). "Miss Earth Lebanon 2018 dethroned over photo with Israeli fellow". CNN. Archived from the original on 23 October 2018. Retrieved 29 October 2018.
    16. ↑ Afinidad-Bernardo, Deni Rose M. (18 October 2018). "The Philippine Star". Retrieved 29 October 2018.
    17. ↑ Layug, Margaret Claire (November 8, 2018). "'I WAS DISGUSTED': Miss Earth Canada says she was sexually harassed during pageant". GMA Network. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
    18. ↑ Adel, Rosette (November 8, 2018). "#MeToo: Miss Earth 2018 bets accuse Filipino sponsor of harassment; organizer denies claims". The Philippine Star. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
    19. 1 2 3 Adina, Armin P. (November 10, 2018). "More Miss Earth bets urged to report sexual harassment". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved November 11, 2018.
    20. 1 2 3 Staff Writer (9 November 2018). "Miss Earth 2018 candidates accuse pageant sponsor of sexual harassment, lack of action from PH organizers". CNN Philippines. Archived from the original on 2019-04-13. Retrieved 12 November 2018.
    21. 1 2 Bigtas, Jannielyn Ann (8 November 2018). "Miss Earth organizer speaks up about alleged sexual harassment incidents". GMA Network (company). Retrieved 12 November 2018.
    22. 1 2 Pagulong, Charmie Joy (10 November 2018). "Safety of candidates is Miss Earth priority". The Philippine Star. Retrieved 12 November 2018.
    23. 1 2 Dancel, Raul (8 November 2018). "Miss Earth contestants cry sexual harassment at Philippine pageant". The Straits Times. Retrieved 12 November 2018.
    24. ↑ "2 more Miss Earth 2018 bets allege sexual harassment vs sponsor". ABS-CBN Corporation. November 8, 2018. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
    25. ↑ Arias, Jacqueline (November 8, 2018). "Three beauty queens were allegedly harassed during Miss Earth International". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
    26. ↑ "Miss Earth sponsor 'forever banned' amid sexual harassment allegations". ABS-CBN Corporation. November 8, 2018. Retrieved November 9, 2018.
    27. ↑ "Amid viral photos, Miss Earth sponsor accused of sexual harassment speaks up". ABS-CBN Corporation. November 9, 2018. Retrieved November 10, 2018.
    28. ↑ Adel, Rosette (8 November 2018). "#MeToo: Miss Earth 2018 bets accuse Filipino sponsor of harassment; organizer denies claims". The Philippine Star. Retrieved 12 November 2018.
    29. ↑ Shippen, Monique. "Miss International Australia 2019". Instagram. Retrieved October 23, 2021.
    30. ↑ Silva, Diana. "Miss City Tourism World 2017". Instagram. Diana Silva. Retrieved October 23, 2021.
    31. ↑ Kippins, Xamiera. "Xamiera Kippins, Miss Black San International Queen 2017". Instagram. Retrieved October 23, 2021.
    32. ↑ "Miss Tourism America 2014". Archived from the original on 2021-12-26.