Mimosinase

Mimosinase
Identifiers
EC no.4.3.3.8
CAS no.104118-49-2
Databases
BRENDAenzyme data
ExPASyNiceZyme view
KEGGenzyme entry
MetaCycmetabolic pathway
Rheareactions
PDB structuresRCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Gene OntologyAmiGO / QuickGO
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PMCarticles
PubMedarticles
NCBIproteins

Mimosinase (EC 4.3.3.8) is an enzyme characterised from Leucaena leaves that catalyzes the overall chemical reaction which converts mimosine to 3-hydroxypyridin-4(1H)-one (a tautomer of 3,4-dihydroxypyridine), pyruvic acid, and ammonia:

2D representation of the chemical structure of mimosine.
mimosine
 
H2O
Rightward reaction arrow with minor substrate(s) from top left and minor product(s) to top right
 
 
 
2D representation of the chemical structure of Q27891533.
3-hydroxypyridin-4(1H)-one
+
 
2D representation of the chemical structure of pyruvic acid .
pyruvic acid

The enzyme contains pyridoxal phosphate and the first step of the reaction breaks the bond between the pyridinone nitrogen and the sidechain, which at first forms an unstable enamine derivative. This is then hydrolysed to pyruvic acid and ammonia.

This enzyme is a carbon-nitrogen lyase.

Occurrence

Known to occur in all Leucaena and Mimosa species of plant. The synthase found in L. leucocephala has been cloned.

References

  1. ↑ Tangendjaja B, Lowry JB, Wills RH (1986). "Isolation of a mimosine degrading enzyme from Leucaena leaf". J. Sci. Food Agric. 37 (6): 523–526. Bibcode:1986JSFA...37..523T. doi:10.1002/jsfa.2740370603.
  2. ↑ Nguyen, Binh Cao Quan; Tawata, Shinkichi (2016). "The Chemistry and Biological Activities of Mimosine: A Review". Phytotherapy Research. 30 (8): 1230–1242. doi:10.1002/ptr.5636. PMID 27213712.
  3. ↑ Negi, Vishal Singh; Bingham, Jon-Paul; Li, Qing X.; Borthakur, Dulal (2014). "A Carbon-Nitrogen Lyase from Leucaena leucocephala Catalyzes the First Step of Mimosine Degradation". Plant Physiology. 164 (2): 922–934. doi:10.1104/pp.113.230870. PMC 3912116. PMID 24351687.
  4. ↑ Oogai, Shigeki; Fukuta, Masakazu; Watanabe, Keiichi; Inafuku, Masashi; Oku, Hirosuke (2019). "Molecular characterization of mimosinase and cystathionine β-lyase in the Mimosoideae subfamily member Mimosa pudica". Journal of Plant Research. 132 (5): 667–680. doi:10.1007/s10265-019-01128-4. PMID 31368041.
  5. ↑ Oogai, Shigeki; Fukuta, Masakazu; Inafuku, Masashi; Oku, Hirosuke (2022). "Isolation and characterization of mimosine degrading enzyme from Arthrobacter sp. Ryudai-S1". World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology. 38 (10) 172. doi:10.1007/s11274-022-03344-y. hdl:20.500.12000/0002020878. PMID 35908235.
  6. ↑ Enzyme 4.3.3.8 at KEGG Pathway Database.
  7. ↑ Negi, V.S.; Borthakur, D. (2016). "Heterologous Expression and Characterization of Mimosinase from Leucaena leucocephala". Biotechnology of Plant Secondary Metabolism : Methods and Protocols. Methods in Molecular Biology (MIMB). Vol. 1405. New York, NY: Springer Science+Business Media. pp. 59–77. doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-3393-8. ISBN 978-1-4939-3391-4. ISSN 1064-3745.