Erythranthe lutea

Erythranthe lutea
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Phrymaceae
Genus: Erythranthe
Species:
E. lutea
Binomial name
Erythranthe lutea
(L.) G.L.Nesom (2012)
Varieties
  • Erythranthe lutea var. lutea
  • Erythranthe lutea var. rivularis (Lindl.) Silverside
  • Erythranthe lutea var. variegata (Poit.) G.L.Nesom
Synonyms
Synonymy
    • Mimulus luteus L.

    synonyms of var. lutea:

    • Erythranthe lacerata (Pennell) G.L.Nesom
    • Mimulus glabratus var. micranthus (Phil.) B.Boivin
    • Mimulus groomii Voss, pro syn.
    • Mimulus laceratus Pennell
    • Mimulus luteus var. alpinus Lindl.
    • Mimulus luteus var. aurantiacus Reiche
    • Mimulus luteus subvar. macrophyllus Clos
    • Mimulus luteus var. micranthus Phil.
    • Mimulus luteus var. wilsonii Van Houtte
    • Mimulus maculatus F.Dietr.
    • Mimulus nummularis Gay
    • Mimulus ocellatus Gerst.
    • Mimulus perluteus Voss
    • Mimulus punctatus Miers ex Bertero
    • Mimulus quinquevulnerus F.Hässl.
    • Mimulus splendens Steud., not validly publ.
    • Mimulus youngii Voss

    synonyms of var. rivularis:

    • Mimulus luteus var. rivularis Lindl.
    • Mimulus rivularis (Lindl.) Poit.

    synonyms of var. variegata:

    • Erythranthe nummularia (Clos) Silverside
    • Erythranthe variegata (Poit.) Silverside
    • Mimulus luteus var. nummularius Clos
    • Mimulus luteus var. variegatus (Poit.) Hook.f.
    • Mimulus nummularius (Clos) Stace
    • Mimulus variegatus Poit.

Erythranthe lutea is a species of monkeyflower also known as yellow monkeyflower, monkey musk, blotched monkey flowers, and blood-drop-emlets. It was formerly known as Mimulus luteus. It is a perennial native to temperate South America, including Chile and western and southern Argentina.

Description

E. lutea blooms in the summer and grows to about 30 centimetres (12 in) in height. The flowers are yellow with irregular red blotches and the leaves are hairy, paired, and round. Because of its yellow petals, E. luteus is in the "yellow monkeyflower" group, unlike most members of the genus, which have red or pink petals.

Some sources list Erythranthe lutea separately due to chromosomal variations. Barker, etal (2012) proposes a new taxonomy for Phrymaceae, leaving only 7 species in Mimulus, none in Mimulus lutea, and placing 111 in Erythranthe. Barker also offers 4 different options for how to implement this new taxonomy.

The luteus group consists of Erythranthe luteus var. variegatus, E. naiandinus and E. cupreus.

Distribution and habitat

Erythranthe lutea prefers to grow in wet habitats such as marshes and riverbanks. It is native to temperate South America, including Chile and western and southern Argentina. It has been naturalized in Britain, having been first cultivated there circa 1826.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Erythranthe lutea (L.) G.L.Nesom. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 19 August 2024.
  2. ↑ "Erythranthe lutea var. lutea". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 24 August 2026.
  3. ↑ "Erythranthe lutea var. rivularis (Lindl.) Silverside". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 24 August 2026.
  4. ↑ "Erythranthe lutea var. variegata (Poit.) G.L.Nesom". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 24 August 2026.
  5. ↑ GRIN (April 22, 2014). "Mimulus luteus L." Taxonomy for Plants. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland: USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Retrieved February 1, 2017.
  6. ↑ "Blood-drop-emlets (Mimulus luteus)". iNaturalist. Retrieved February 1, 2017.
  7. 1 2 "Blotched Monkey Flower". Virtual Hebrides. Retrieved February 1, 2017.
  8. 1 2 "Mimulus luteus L." Plants for a Future. Retrieved February 1, 2017.
  9. 1 2 Barker, W. L. (Bill); et al. (2012). "A Taxonomic Conspectus of Phyrmaceae: A Narrowed Circumscription for MIMULUS, New and Resurrected Genera, and New Names and Combinations" (PDF). Phytoneuron. 39: 1–60. ISSN 2153-733X.
  10. ↑ Beardsley, P. M.; Yen, Alan; Olmstead, R. G. (2003). "AFLP Phylogeny of Mimulus Section Erythranthe and the Evolution of Hummingbird Pollination". Evolution. 57 (6): 1397–1410. doi:10.1554/02-086. JSTOR 3448862. PMID 12894947. S2CID 198154155.
  11. ↑ Beardsley, P. M.; Olmstead, R. G. (2002). "Redefining Phrymaceae: the placement of Mimulus, tribe Mimuleae, and Phryma". American Journal of Botany. 89 (7): 1093–1102. Bibcode:2002AmJB...89.1093B. doi:10.3732/ajb.89.7.1093. JSTOR 4122195. PMID 21665709.
  12. ↑ Beardsley, P. M.; Schoenig, Steve E.; Whittall, Justen B.; Olmstead, Richard G. (2004). "Patterns of Evolution in Western North American Mimulus (Phrymaceae)". American Journal of Botany. 91 (3): 474–4890. Bibcode:2004AmJB...91..474B. doi:10.3732/ajb.91.3.474. JSTOR 4123743. PMID 21653403.
  13. ↑ "Mimulus luteus". Water Garden Plants UK. Retrieved February 1, 2017.[dead link]
  14. 1 2 Cooley, Arielle M.; Willis, John H. (2009). "Genetic divergence causes parallel evolution of flower color in Chilean Mimulus". New Phytologist. 183 (3): 729–739. Bibcode:2009NewPh.183..729C. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02858.x. PMID 19453433.
  15. ↑ GRIN (April 22, 2014). "Erythranthe lutea (L.) G. L. Nesom". Taxonomy for Plants. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland: USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Retrieved February 1, 2017.
  16. ↑ Cooley, Arielle Marie (2008). Evolution of Floral Color Patterning in Chilean Mimulus. Durham. NC: Duke University. p. 37. ISBN 978-0549898689.
  17. ↑ Mimulus luteus (Blood-drop-emlets). Online Atlas of the British & Irish Flora. 1998. Retrieved February 2, 2017.

Further reading