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The House of Obolensky (Russian: Оболенский, romanized: Obolenskiy) is an ancient Russian princely family, claiming descent from the Olgovichi branch of the Rurik dynasty.
Their name derives from the town of Obolensk in the Upper Oka Principalities near Moscow, which was given into the possession to the progenitor of the family, prince Konstantin of Obolensk. Members of the family belonged to the Russian nobility and held the hereditary title of Knyaz in the Empire of Russia. The Obolensky coat of arms is composed of the emblems of the principalities of Kiev and Chernigov.
After the Russian Revolution, part of the Obolensky family went into exile and their descendants carry "Obolensky" as a regular surname.[citation needed]